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A sedimentary profile exposed in soil quarries a few kilometers north of Noen Sa-nga district, Chaiyaphum province, NE Thailand, reveals a Quaternary geological history. The lower part of the soil profile is a gravel deposit characterized by sub-angular to well-rounded pebbles representing an abandoned river sedimentary deposit. The gravel bed in some places is coated by iron oxide as a thin layer of ferricrete at the uppermost part. The upper part of the soil profile is a bright reddish brown structureless sand deposit with fining upward sedimentary structure at the basal portion, the Yasothon soil series. A piece of tektite was discovered at the contact boundary between the two sedimentary units. It is characterized by an irregular shape with a smooth concaved surface regarding as an external mold of a piece of well-rounded pebble. This piece of tektite indicates that a solidified tektite had fallen from high sky then was remelted into a plastic form prior to reach and partly cover a piece of well-rounded pebble. These evidences suggest that there was a meteoritic or cometary impact on our earth surface somewhere in the region then catapulted numbers of melted silica ejecta with vast volume of dust into the sky. The melted silica ejecta were solidified into splash-form tektites with various shapes while they were in the high sky. After that the tektites had fallen down and remelted into a plastic form prior to reach the ground surface and then solidified as a tektite deposit followed by larger-sized sediments and angular quartz fragments forming a fining upward sedimentary structure. The finer sediments were gradually settled down forming a bright reddish brown structureless sand deposit, the Yasothon soil series. This meteoritic impact event occurred at about 0.77 Ma ago as the evidence of the previous tektite radiometric dating. 相似文献
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文章报道了云南元谋盆地上中新统小河组芝麻大村小夹巷巷地点的脊棱齿象属(Stegolophodon)的新化石材料:包括一完整的、轻度磨耗的左上第二臼齿,和一不完整的、重度磨耗的右上第三臼齿.第二臼齿和第三臼齿主齿柱中附锥和前中心小尖愈合;后中心小尖很弱小;前二脊发育中沟,且几乎排成一条直线,仅主齿柱的中附锥比主尖略微靠前;第三臼齿的后三脊略向前弯.这些特征与西瓦利克道克派珊组的剑齿象型脊棱齿象(Stegolophodon stegodontoides)形态上十分相似,可归为同一种.元谋盆地小河组此前发现的所谓“Stegolophodon banguoensis”和“Stegolophodon aff.banguoensis”经比较均可以归为此种.小河组的磁性地层年代约为8.3～ 7.2Ma,而相距不远的昭通盆地出产最原始的剑齿象Stegodon zhaotongensis的层位的磁性地层年代约为6.5～6.OMa,因此,剑齿象型脊棱齿象代表了脊棱齿象演化到晚中新世中期的进步类型,此后,脊棱齿象便迅速演化为剑齿象.小河组的剑齿象型脊棱齿象的新材料,能为这一幕演化历史提供生物年代学和形态学的双重证据. 相似文献
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