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NAND L SHARMA JAGDISH C KUNIYAL MAHAVIR SINGH PRIYANKA SHARMA KESAR CHAND AJAY KUMAR NEGI MANUM SHARMA HARINDER KUMAR THAKUR 《Journal of Earth System Science》2011,120(2):281-290
The concentration of ultrafine aerosol particles of aitken and nucleation mode having size in the range of 1–20 nm was monitored
with water-based Condensation Particle Counter. The monitoring was carried out from midnight-to-midnight in every alternate
day on a fortnightly basis to represent summer, monsoon and winter (autumn) seasons of 2008 at Mohal (1154 m amsl) and Kothi
(2530 m amsl) in Kullu-Manali area of the northwestern Himalayan region of India. The results indicate that diurnal pattern
has faint bimodal structure with two peaks, one in morning and the other in evening at both the sites but it is not as distinct
as found in plains. There is rather a constant particle density pattern of large magnitude consistent with vehicular movement
from morning till evening. The monthly 24 h average particle density gradually picks up from January, increases rapidly in
summer months and then decreases in monsoon season at Mohal but at Kothi it keeps on rising from April to October with a slight
more increase in September. The particle density is more in summer than in monsoon season at Mohal, a trend opposite to plains.
It may be due to the development of warm thermal layer on valley floor while a cold layer develops along snowy hilltops in
winter leading to convection of fine particle up the slopes of valley during daytime. At Kothi, the trend is same as it is
in continental plains but opposite to Mohal. The relatively more value of particle density in September and October at both
the sites may be due to month long International Kullu Dussehra fair in the valley. The vehicular survey conducted agrees
well with entire study period averaged diurnal variations and monthly 24 h averaged value of fine particle density. The average
value of ultrafine particle density at each hour of a day for entire study period is 20369 ± 1230 Ncm − 3 and 14389 ± 1464 Ncm − 3 at Mohal and Kothi sites, respectively. The comparison with earlier results shows a significant increase indicating impact
of vehicular onslaught on pure air of this hilly region. 相似文献
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