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P. A. Lozovik A. K. Morozov M. B. Zobkov T. A. Dukhovicheva L. A. Osipova 《Water Resources》2007,34(2):204-216
A relationship between indirect chemical indices of organic matter content of surface waters and light absorption in the visible and ultraviolet ranges is discussed. The allochthonous and autochthonous types of organic matter are found to essentially differ in the rate of light absorption. Techniques are proposed for the calculation of the concentrations of allochthonous and autochthonous organic matter by the integral rate of light consumption in the visible region and the bichromate oxidability of water, as well as by three indirect indices: chemical oxygen demand, permanganate oxidability, and water color index. The mean concentrations of allochthonous and autochthonous organic matter in large lakes (Ladoga, Onega, and Baikal) and in rivers and smaller water bodies in Karelia (>300 water objects) are analyzed. Allochthonous organic matter was found to predominate in most surface waters of Karelia (>80%), while allochthonous organic matter predominates only in lakes with a small specific catchment area (supposedly, <5) and in highly eutrophic lakes. 相似文献
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Lozovik P. A. Zobkova M. V. Ryzhakov A. V. Zobkov M. B. Efremova T. A. Sabylina A. V. Efremova T. V. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2017,477(2):1510-1514
Using adsorption of organic matter (OM) on diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DEAE-cellulose) in the dynamic mode, OM is divided into autochthonous and allochthonous. Based on the experiments on BOD kinetics and OM division into components, the kinetic parameters of autochthonous and allochthonous OM transformation are established for the first time (kaut = 0.013, kall = 0.0013 day–1 at t =20°C). The activation parameters of transformation for autochthonous OM (ΔH# = 75.6 kJ/mol, ΔS# =–116.5 J/(mol K), and ΔG# = 108.3 J/mol) and allochthonous OM (ΔH# = 66.1 kJ/mol, ΔS# =–149.1 J/(mol K), and ΔG# = 108.0 J/mol) are calculated by the Arrhenius equation.
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Outflow of chemical substances from the catchment area of the Karelian drainage network is discussed using hydrochemical data obtained in more than 80 rivers of Karelia over the period of many years. Weighted average characteristics of river water composition were found for ten large basins and for the entire region. Specific outflow was defined and its value was compared with atmospheric chemical precipitation; the difference made it possible to reveal the real input of chemicals from the catchment areas of Karelia. 相似文献
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Determination of the rate of ammonification and nitrification in natural water by kinetic method 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A method for simultaneous determination of the rate of ammonification and nitrification in natural water is proposed. It is
based on the presentation of these processes as two successive first-order reactions, the use of field data on the concentrations
of different N forms, and the laboratory modeling of the processes under study. The values of rate constants and reactions
rates that are determined by the above method generally coincide with the relevant values obtained by other methods for Karelian
water bodies. 相似文献
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The chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation over the entire territory of Karelia is characterized on the basis of snow samples taken during the periods of maximum snow storage in 1996–2000. The concentration of chemical elements and their fallouts are considered within the northern, central, southern, and eastern regions of Karelia. The aero-technogenic effect of industrial centers of Karelia and the Archangelsk Province on the chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation is analyzed. The above material is generalized in the form of average statistical characteristics of the chemical fallouts of mineral, organic, and biogenic substances, heavy metals, and strong acids. 相似文献
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Materials of long-term studies of the concentration and distribution of N forms (NH4+, NO3−, NO2−, Norg) in precipitation, surface water and groundwater are generalized. Precipitation was found to be the main source of N compounds
input into these waters. The effect of anthropogenic factors is local and does not influence the concentration and distribution
of N forms in most water bodies that serve as wastewater recipients. The N forms dominating in precipitation are NO3− and N H4+; Norg dominates in most surface water bodies, and NO3− dominates in groundwater. The median concentrations of Ntot in clear surface and subsurface waters are similar. The obtained characteristics of the concentrations and distribution of
N forms in natural waters of Karelia can be used for other water bodies in the humid zone. 相似文献
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