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RISTO AARIO 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1977,6(2):87-100
The terms assigned to Finnish morainic landforms were frequently originally established for areas where the glacial environment was different from that in Finland. The terms therefore are not always applicable to the conditions found here and there is a need for some revision. Some new proposals are presented in this paper. The term cover moraine could be adopted to refer to a vencer of till, which has a rather flat surface, devoid of transverse or lineal elements. The term g round moraine would then only he applied when the relief is independent of the underlying bedrock topography. As regards the term hummocky moraine , it would he advantageous to subdivide it into at lcast hummocky disintegration moraine, thehummocky squeezed-up moraine, and the hummocky active-ice moraine . Today the term is of little value since it is commonly used to describe forms with varied origins.
Landforms tend to form groups of closely related genetic assenihlagcs or of complexes where the members are areally related, but often genetically different. It is more logical to handle them as an association of forms, rather than to split the group artificially into a number of separate units. A gradational series of assemblages from a fluting assemblage into a drumlin assemblage and further into a hummocky active-ice assemblage characterizes the Koillisinaa reference area. A bimodal flow system prevailed during the formation of the landforins. Spiral flow predominates in the formation of flutings and linear drumlins, ahercas up and down movement predominates in the formation of the transverse ridges of Kogen moraine. Between these end members coinhinations of these flow patterns occur. 相似文献
Landforms tend to form groups of closely related genetic assenihlagcs or of complexes where the members are areally related, but often genetically different. It is more logical to handle them as an association of forms, rather than to split the group artificially into a number of separate units. A gradational series of assemblages from a fluting assemblage into a drumlin assemblage and further into a hummocky active-ice assemblage characterizes the Koillisinaa reference area. A bimodal flow system prevailed during the formation of the landforins. Spiral flow predominates in the formation of flutings and linear drumlins, ahercas up and down movement predominates in the formation of the transverse ridges of Kogen moraine. Between these end members coinhinations of these flow patterns occur. 相似文献
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MERVI TUOVINEN DANNY McCARROLL HÅKAN GRUDD RISTO JALKANEN SIETSE LOS 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2009,38(1):1-12
The spatial and temporal stability of the climatic signal in pine tree - ring width and maximum density is examined using data from four sites in northern Sweden and Finland. Moving-window multiple linear regression, using monthly and daily climate data, indicates that ring widths at all sites have been strongly controlled by July temperatures throughout the past century. The relationship between maximum density and temperature is stronger but much less stable across both space and time. Shifts in the hottest part of the summer do not explain large shifts in the period most strongly influencing density. It is concluded that palaeoclimate reconstructions based on northern Fennoscandian pine tree - ring width chronologies should be restricted to the temperature of midsummer (July), whereas maximum density should be used to reconstruct the temperature of a longer growth season (June to August). They thus provide different and compl e mentary palaeoclimate signals. At all four sites, the correlation between maximum density and June to August mean temperature is lowest in the latter half of the 20th century, but split sample tests with strong verification statistics (RE and CE) show that this represents a quantitative change in the strength of the correlation with climate, rather than a qualitative change in the nature of that relationship, and thus does not invalidate climate reconstructions. 相似文献
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RISTO AARIO 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1985,14(2):160-160
Book reviewed in this article:
Byles. N (ed.) 1983: Glacial Geology: an introduction for Engineers and Earth Scientists . 相似文献
Byles. N (ed.) 1983: Glacial Geology: an introduction for Engineers and Earth Scientists . 相似文献
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