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Adel Asnaashari Amir Ahmad Dehghani Ali Akbar Akhtari Hossein Bonakdari 《Water Resources》2018,45(4):565-577
Channel expansions are common in both natural and artificial open channels. With increasing cross-sectional dimensions in an expansion, the flow decelerates. Due to separation of flow and subsequent eddy formation, a significant head loss is occurred along the transition. This study presents the results of experimental investigations on subcritical flow along the expansive transition of rectangular to trapezoidal channels. Also, a numerical simulation was developed using the finite volume method with Reynolds Stress turbulent model. Water surface profiles and velocity distributions of flow through the transition were measured experimentally and compared with the numerical results. Also, hydraulic efficiency of the transition and coefficient of energy head loss were calculated. The results show that with increasing the upstream Froude number, hydraulic efficiency of the transition and coefficient of energy head loss are decreased and increased, respectively. The results also showed the ability of numerical simulation for simulating the flow separation zones and bed shear stress along the transition for different inlet discharges and inflow Froude numbers. 相似文献
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Monte Carlo analysis of the effect of spatial distribution of storms on prioritization of flood source areas 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Implementation of structural and non-structural flood control measures in flood-prone watersheds is on increasing demand. Different watershed areas are not necessarily hydrologically similar and impose variable effects on the outlet flow hydrograph. Meanwhile, prioritization of watershed areas in terms of flood generation is essential for economic flood control planning. Previous works have focused on the definition of a flood index that quantifies the contribution of each subwatershed unit or grid cell to the outlet flood hydrograph through the application of unit flood response (UFR) approach. In the present research, for the first time, the effect of spatial pattern of storm events on the flood index variation was assessed via a Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis. To do so, the UFR approach was carried out for a large number of randomly generated rainfall spatial pattern. The proposed methodology was adopted to the Tangrah watershed in northern Iran. The watershed is frequently hit by floods that have historically caused loss of life and properties. The results indicated that for the more frequent flood events, the flood index is quite sensitive to the spatial distribution of rainfall such that for the highest ranked subwatershed (SW6), the standardized variation of the flood index values (i.e., the uncertainty range) decreases from 1.0 to 0.5 when the rainfall depth increases from 20 to 150 mm, respectively. The results further revealed that increasing the rainfall depth from 20 to 150 mm would cause the effect of rainfall spatial distribution on subwatersheds’ flood indices to diminish. The implications are that if flood control measures are designed for more frequent floods with lower return periods, an uncertainty analysis is required to identify the range of flood index variations. 相似文献
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Movahed Zohreh Radzuan Junin Hassan Amiri Bakhtiary Shahram Taghavi Poor Ruhangiz Mohamadian Ali Asghar Movahed 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(3):225
Core samples are still today considered as the standard measurement against all other measurements which must be compared. Core analysis usually focuses on the worse portion of the reservoir due to the fact that core recovery has rarely been well in a highly fractured zone; hence, permeability measured from core sample is often not representative. Core analysis is a common method to identify small-scale fractures of the well and permeability and porosity; however, there are some limitations in the core procedure such as it is highly expensive and unidirectional and has a low recovery coefficient in fractured zone. In contrast, there tends to be a mistrust and even a suspicion of those logging instruments that make measurements which threaten to replicate or even replace the “sacred core.” Thus, image logs are more useful to study the subsurface fractures in these such cases and the logs which come closest to achieving this are the high-resolution micro resistivity (OBMI) and acoustic geological imaging (UBI). The core and OBMI-UBI result was matched in order to verify the log measurements. Furthermore, FMI data were integrated with other open-hole logs to derive a permeability curve. As demonstrated in the case studies, it is believed that the permeability in the basement could be reasonably evaluated using this method. As a result, this exercise has proven to be very valuable, not only for demonstrating the value of the log data, but also it has also highlighted some significant limitations of the core in water-based mud and oil-based mud systems. 相似文献
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