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Climate change has become a major global concern and threatens the security of natural environmental resources, including groundwater, especially for Cambodia. In this study, literature reviews related to climate change and groundwater resources in Cambodia were evaluated to address the impact of climate change on the groundwater environment. In Cambodia, global climate change will likely affect available water resources by driving changes in the groundwater recharge and usage pattern. Despite a general increase in the mean annual rainfall, a reduction in rainfall is anticipated during the dry season, which could lead to shortages of fresh water during the dry season. The impact of climate change on water resource environments can significantly affect national economic development. Thus, strategic management plansfor groundwater in response to climate change should be established to ensure the security of water resources in Cambodia. 相似文献
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Toru Tamura Yoshiki Saito Sotham Sieng Bunnarin Ben Meng Kong Im Sim Sokuntheara Choup Fumio Akiba 《Quaternary Science Reviews》2009,28(3-4):327-344
Modern deltas are understood to have initiated around 7.5–9 ka in response to the deceleration of sea-level rise. This episode of delta initiation is closely related to the last deglacial meltwater events and eustatic sea-level rises. The initial stage of the Mekong River delta, one of the world's largest deltas, is well recorded in Cambodian lowland sediments. This paper integrates analyses of sedimentary facies, diatom assemblages, and radiocarbon dates for three drill cores from the lowland to demonstrate Holocene sedimentary evolution in relation to sea-level changes. The cores are characterized by a tripartite succession: (1) aggrading flood plain to natural levee and tidal–fluvial channel during the postglacial sea-level rise (10–8.4 ka); (2) aggrading to prograding tidal flats and mangrove forests around and after the maximum flooding of the sea (8.4–6.3 ka); and (3) a prograding fluvial system on the delta plain (6.3 ka to the present). The maximum flooding of the sea occurred at 8.0 ± 0.1 ka, 2000 years before the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand, and tidal flats penetrated up to 20–50 km southeast of Phnom Penh after a period of abrupt ～5 m sea-level rise at 8.5–8.4 ka. The delta progradation then initiated as a result of the sea-level stillstand at around 8–7.5 ka. Another rapid sea-level rise at 7.5–7 ka allowed thick mangrove peat to be widely deposited in the Cambodian lowland, and the peat accumulation endured until 6.3 ka. Since 6.3 ka, a fluvial system has characterized the delta plain, and the fluvial sediment discharge has contributed to rapid delta progradation. The uppermost part of the sedimentary succession, composed of flood plain to natural-levee sediments, reveals a sudden increase in sediment accumulation over the past 600–1000 years. This increase might reflect an increase in the sediment yield due to human activities in the upper to middle reaches of the Mekong, as with other Asian rivers. 相似文献
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Suthipong Sthiannopkao Kyoung-Woong Kim Kyung Hwa Cho Kitirote Wantala Sieng Sotham Choup Sokuntheara Joon Ha Kim 《Applied Geochemistry》2010
This study focused on the analysis of As levels in human hair samples collected from six villages in the Kandal Province of Cambodia. Of interest were the influence of, and interactions among, certain factors affecting As intake into the human body: As concentrations in groundwater, period of groundwater consumption, age and gender. The results revealed As levels in human hair ranging from 0.06 to 30 μg g−1 with median and arithmetic mean values of 0.61 and 3.20 μg g−1 (n = 68), respectively. Furthermore, a linear relationship was found between As concentrations in human hair and in the local groundwater. Arsenic (III) is the dominant species in Kandal groundwater, constituting in most cases at least 60% of the total As. Arsenic concentration ranged from 5 to 1543 μg L−1, with the median value 348 μg L−1 and arithmetic mean 454 μg L−1. In large rural, poor areas holding most of Kandal’s 1.1 million people, up to 2 in 1000 people are believed to be at risk of cancer through the As-enriched water they drink. A toxicity risk assessment provides a hazard quotient (HQ) equaling 5.12, also a clear indication of non-carcinogenic exposure risk. On the authors’ visit to Kampong Kong commune, Kandal Province, cases of arsenicosis were diagnosed in patients as a result of drinking As-enriched groundwater. 相似文献
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