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生物絮团技术在对虾养殖中的应用及展望 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
<正>对虾海水养殖业是中国乃至世界水产养殖业中的重要组成部分,来自世界粮农组织的统计数据显示,对虾海水养殖业在未来数年中仍将保持一个较高的增长速度[1]。随着人们对对虾产品需求量的进一步增加,中国作为世界上最大的对虾生产国以及出口国,对虾海水养殖规模在近年来也稳步扩大,这就使得对虾海水养殖与土地资源、水资源以及周围环境之间的矛盾日益突出。此外,自20世纪90年代暴发的对虾白斑病开始,多种病原和病因引起的虾病一直困扰着广大水产从业者,因此寻找一种新的 相似文献
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氨氮胁迫对三疣梭子蟹消化酶活力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)为研究对象,研究氨氮胁迫对中肠腺、胃、肠组织消化酶活力的影响。实验设计对照组(自然海水)、1、5、20 mg/L处理组,分别于氨氮胁迫后0、6、12、244、8 h取样进行消化酶活力的测定。结果表明:氨氮胁迫对三疣梭子蟹类胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶活力影响显著(P<0.05),而对照组无明显变化。各处理组3种消化器官中类胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶活力在48 h内呈峰值变化,其中3种消化器官中类胰蛋白酶活力在48 h时恢复至对照组水平,而中肠腺胃蛋白酶活力在24 h后趋于稳定,且与氨氮浓度呈明显正相关,胃和肠的胃蛋白酶活力分别于48和24 h时恢复至对照组水平。各处理组中肠腺和胃的脂肪酶活力在24 h内均呈现明显的峰值变化,24 h后中肠腺中脂肪酶活力趋于稳定,且与氨氮浓度呈明显正相关,而胃中脂肪酶活力逐渐下降,至48 h时恢复至对照组水平。各处理组中肠腺和肠的淀粉酶活力在12 h内呈逐渐下降趋势,12 h后趋于稳定,且与氨氮浓度呈明显负相关;各处理组胃的淀粉酶活力呈现先升高后降低趋势,24 h后趋于稳定。同时在氨氮胁迫48 h时,对中肠腺和胃的胃蛋白酶、脂肪酶活力均表现为明显的诱导作用,而对3种消化器官中淀粉酶活力表现为明显的抑制作用。由此说明,三疣梭子蟹在氨氮胁迫下中肠腺中胃蛋白酶、脂肪酶活力和3种消化器官中淀粉酶活力可作为消化吸收能力的评价指标。 相似文献
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We investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and dopamine(DA) on the activation of the prophenoloxidase(proPO) system of Litopenaeus vannamei.LPS and DA were shown with a negative dose-dependent effect on hyalne cells(HC),semi-granular cells(SGC),large granular cells(LGC),and total haemocyte count(THC).When haemocytes were treated with LPS or DA,serine proteinase activity and intracellular phenoloxidase(PO) activity were significantly reduced,but extracellular PO activity increased significantly.These findings indicated that the reduction in haemocyte counts was mainly because of the degranulation and activation of the proPO system from semi-granule and large granule cells.The PKC inhibitor,chelerythrine,and the TPK inhibitor,genistein,had an inhibitory effect on extracellular PO activity,while serine proteinase and intracellular PO activity increased.This suggests that the LPS and DA induce the activation of proPO in haemocytes via PKC and TPK-related signaling pathways,but serine proteinase may be activated only by PKC,as the genistein effects were not statistically significant.Electrophoresis analysis revealed that POs induced by LPS or DA have the same molecular mass and high diphenolase activity.Two PO bands at 526 kDa and 272 kDa were observed in PAGE,while in the haemocyte lysate supernatant(HLS),only a 272-kDa band was observed.This band was resolved after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing and reducing conditions into two groups of POs,166 kDa and 126 kDa,and 78.1 kDa and 73.6 kDa,respectively,suggesting that PO in L.vannamei is an oligomer,which may have different compositions intra-and extracellularly. 相似文献
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