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大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)、星斑川鲽(Platichthys stellatus)及其杂交种的形态学分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用方差分析、聚类分析、判别分析和主成分分析等多元分析方法,对大菱鲆、星斑川鲽及其杂交种(大菱鲆♀×星斑川鲽♂)的可数性状和可量性状进行了分析。结果表明:(1)可数性状中,除腹鳍鳍条数外,杂交种与母本大菱鲆差异不显著,而与父本星斑川鲽差异极显著。(2)可量性状中,杂交种和大菱鲆差异不显著的性状占可量性状的45%,而与星斑川鲽都为显著差异。可量性状的杂种指数平均值为15.56,显示杂交种可量性状总体属于偏母本。(3)聚类分析表明,杂交种与大菱鲆形态较为接近,先聚为一支,再与星斑川鲽聚为一支。(4)主成分分析表明,共获得了4个主成分,其累积总变异的贡献率为73.49%。主成分散点图表明杂交种在形态差异上独立于大菱鲆和星斑川鲽。(5)判别分析表明,利用10个对结果影响贡献率较大的参数分别构建了其判别函数,对大菱鲆、星斑川鲽和杂交种的综合判别准确率达到98.9%,判别效果非常显著。研究认为,杂交种的形态与母本比较相似,但可以通过形态判别分析将三者进行区分判别。 相似文献
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为了掌握星斑川鲽早期发育的规律,2006年4月在实验室利用显微镜和显微数码摄像系统,通过电脑活体观察测量拍摄星斑川鲽受精卵胚胎发育和初孵仔鱼的形态特征,详细描述记录其发育过程和时间。星斑川鲽为游离的半浮性卵,无油球,卵径平均924μm。在水温11.0~12.6℃孵化,大约受精后1h30min胚盘形成,9h30min进入囊胚期,11h后进入原肠胚,35h左右进入胚体器官分化期,62h左右尾部游离,70h后心跳开始,胚体搐动,89h孵出。实验表明,星斑川鲽受精卵的孵化进度与水温相关。孵化时间(Ht)与水温T(℃)关系方程为Ht=1044.3T-0.9712(R2=0.9785)。 相似文献
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为了揭示星斑川鲽(Platichthys stellatus)♀×大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)♂杂交后代的种质遗传属性,作者采用线粒体(mt)DNA COI基因片段和控制区(D-loop)序列对星斑川鲽、大菱鲆及两种间的杂交后代(星斑川鲽♀×大菱鲆♂)遗传特性进行研究。研究结果显示,基于mtDNA COI和D-loop序列结果显示星斑川鲽和大菱鲆的种间遗传距离分别为22.9%和41.2%,相似的研究结果显示星斑川鲽♀×大菱鲆♂杂交后代与大菱鲆的遗传距离分别为22.9%和41.2%,遗传差异极其显著。而基于mtDNA D-loop序列结果显示星斑川鲽♀×大菱鲆♂杂交后代与星斑川鲽的遗传距离仅为0.4%,并且在mtDNA COI基因片段上两者序列完全一致,杂交后代在线粒体DNA上呈现明显的偏母遗传。 相似文献
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High temperature influences the homeostasis of fish.We investigated the effects of elevated temperature on tissues of Japanese flounder {Paralichthys olivaceus) by analyzing the histology and heat shock protein 70(hsp70) expression of fish reared in warm conditions.In this study,temperature was increased at l±0.5℃/day starting at 24±0.5℃,and was kept at that temperature for 5 days before the next rise.After raising temperature at the rate up to 32±0.5℃,tissue samples from midgut,spleen,stomach,liver,muscle,gill,heart,trunk kidney and brain were collected for histological analysis and mRNA assay.Almost all the tissues showed changes in morphological structure and hsp70 level at 32±0.5℃.Histological assessment of the tissues indicated that the gill had the most serious damage,including highly severe epithelial lifting and edema,curved tips and hyperemia at the ending of the lamellars,desquamation and necrosis.The next most severe damage was found in liver and kidney.The hsp70 levels in all the tissues first increased and then decreased.The gut,stomach,muscle,heart,and brain had the highest expressions in 6 h,whereas the spleen,liver,gill and kidney had the highest expressions in 2 h.Therefore,tissues with the most significant lesions(especially gill and liver) responded much earlier(2 h) in hsp70 expression than other tissues,and these tissues demonstrated the most marked histological disruption and elevated mRNA levels,making them ideal candidates for further studies on the thermal physiology of this species. 相似文献
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