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Production parameters of surface phytoplankton were measured along three transects: La Manche-Cape Town (I); Cape Town-54°S (II); 0°-49°W (along 54°S) (III). The Canary upwelling waters were most productive along transect I, where the surface chlorophyll a (Chl 0) and the surface primary production (PP 0) were as high as 4.3 mg/m3 and 173 mg C/m3 per day, respectively. Mosaic patterns in the distribution of these parameters were recorded in the northeastern regions of the South Subtropical Anticyclonic Gyre (Chl 0 = 0.03–0.35 mg/m3; PP 0 = 1.6–12.6 mg C/m3 per day). Along transect II, the average twofold southward increase in Chl 0 (from 0.2 to 0.4 mg/m3) and the concurrent decline of the phytoplankton assimilation activity ( AN 0) resulted in deviations from typical latitudinal changes inPP 0. At most sites, PP 0 values varied between 6 and 15 mg C/m3 per day. Negligible changes in Chl 0 (0.36–0.85 mg/m3), PP 0 (8–19 mg C/m3 per day), and AN 0 (0.7–1.6 mg C/mg chl a per hour) were registered for the oceanic waters along transect III. Along all the transects, PP 0 depended on Chl 0 to a greater extent than AN 0. The values of the latter parameter were largely determined by the water temperature and showed a slight correlation with the insolation. Along transect II, the integrated primary production (PP int) and the layer-integrated chlorophyll a in the upper 200 m (Chl 0–200) generally varied from 180 to 360 mg C/m2 per day and from 30 to 70 mg/m2, respectively. In the Polar Front region, an increase in Chl 0–200, PP int, Chl 0, and PP 0 up to respective values of 190 mg/m2, 520 mg C/m2 per day, 1.2 mg/m3, and 32 mg C/m3 per day was observed. A comparison of the water column (0–100 m) stability with the vertical distribution of the primary production and chlorophyll content along transect II implies that the thick (>100 m) upper mixed layer (UML) formed in response to the strong water cooling and wind forcing was largely responsible for the limited primary production in the Subantarctic and Antarctic regions. The large UML thickness resulted in an intense removal of plant cells from the photosynthetic layer and light starvation of a significant (up to 60%) part of the phytoplankton community. 相似文献
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M.E. vinogradov E.A. Shushkina V.I. Vedernikov N.P. Nezlin V.I. Gagarin 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》1997,44(9-10)
Data collected from 20 years of observations by the P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology (about 250 comprehensive ecosystem stations) are summarized to evaluate the primary production and biomass of the principal groups of plankton in the Pacific Ocean. The stations were classified into geographical regions according to satellite determined criteria. The areas of these regions were evaluated according to CZCS data from 1978 to 1986. The total value of primary production was evaluated as 26·9 Gt C year−1. Taking the “bottle effect” correction into account, this value may be as high as 45.6 Gt C year−1. Total biomass values of phytoplankton (134 Mt C), bacteria (86 Mt C), protozoa (26 Mt C) and mesoplankton (184 Mt C) were also calculated. Seasonal variabilities of all these values were remarkably insignificant. 相似文献
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A discussion of the influence of sea roughness and spatial atmospheric inhomogeneities on the precision of satellite microwave radiometric measurements of the atmospheric parameters is presented. The two-scale model for microwave radiation of the ruffled sea surface without foam and spray is confirmed by experimental measurements. Investigations of the brightness temperature fluctuations of the clear and cloudy atmosphere are made using aircraft experimental measurements at the wavelengths 0.8 and 1.35 cm. Calculations of the radiation averaged over a satellite antenna footprint are carried out on the basis of these results and of well-known results of optical and infrared measurements. It is shown that sea roughness and the nonuniformity of clouds may result in errors in the integrated atmosphere water vapor and cloud liquid water content determination by satellite two-wavelength (0.8 and 1.35 cm) radiometric measurements up to 30 and 70 percent, respectively. 相似文献
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Demidov A. B. Gagarin V. I. Eremeeva E. V. Artemiev V. A. Polukhin A. A. Shchuka S. A. Grigoriev A. V. Khrapko A. N. Flint M. V. 《Oceanology》2021,61(5):645-661
Oceanology - Spatial and vertical variability of primary production (PP) and Chl a were studied in the framework of the 76th cruise of R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh to the Kara Sea from July 7 to... 相似文献
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The seasonal variability of the surface chlorophyll “a” (Chl-s) was studied for five different hydrological areas in the Drake Passage. The data were collected both in the field (December
2001–March 2002, and November 2007) and by satellite observations. One maximum of Chl-s was registered for the area northward of the Antarctic Polar Front in November 2007. This maximum moves southwards to the
Antarctic and Continental Antarctic regions in December and January, respectively. The major factors affecting the phytoplankton
growth were analyzed, namely, the decrease of the mixed water layer’s depth due to jogging during the austral late spring
and summer and seasonal water temperature increase. The comparison of the field and satellite data allows us to conclude that
the standard OC4v4 algorithm usually underreports the Chl-s concentration when it exceed 0.2 mg m−3. 相似文献
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Doklady Earth Sciences - The spatial variability of primary production in the East Siberian Sea over a large-scale aquatic area was characterized for the first time by the data of cruise 69 of R/V... 相似文献
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Oceanology - Interannual variability (2002–2018) of primary production, surface seawater temperature (T0), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and ice cover area in the East Siberian... 相似文献
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Demidov A. B. Gagarin V. I. Arashkevich E. G. Makkaveev P. N. Konyukhov I. V. Vorobieva O. V. Fedorov A. V. 《Oceanology》2019,59(5):678-691
Oceanology - The spatial distribution pattern of phytoplankton primary production (PP) and chlorophyll was studied by the data of three cruises in August–September 2015, 2017, and 2018. The... 相似文献
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Primary production of phytoplankton and ice and under-ice flora of the Kara Sea and regions thereof has been assessed using region-specific models and MODIS-Aqua satellite data for 2002–2015. Average annual primary production of phytoplankton calculated for the growing season (April–October) amounted to 165 mg С m–2 day–1. Annual primary production of phytoplankton was 35 g C/m2. Annual primary production of phytoplankton in the entire Kara Sea was 13 × 1012 g C. Annual primary production of ice and underice flora calculated using an integrated biophysical model was 1.7 × 1012 g C, or 12% of total primary production of the Kara Sea; the ice cover dynamics and published data were taken into account for the calculations. The results have been compared to earlier primary production estimates for the Kara Sea. The extent of the increase in sea productivity during warming of the Arctic and the decrease in ice cover area are discussed. 相似文献