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Quasi-biennial variations in vertical profiles of ozone, temperature, air pressure, and zonal and meridional wind velocities are analyzed from ozonesonde data obtained at the western European stations of Lindenberg, Hohenpeissenberg, and Payerne. The effect of quasi-biennial variations manifests itself variously in different variables and is nonuniform in altitude. The period of quasi-biennial variations is not constant, and the values of the mean period group mainly around 2 and 2.5 years. As in the North American region, the effects of quasi-biennial variations in different parameters of the stratosphere and troposphere over western Europe are due to a combination of the effects of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the equatorial stratosphere, the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The observed 2.5-year variations in stratospheric ozone are related to the equatorial QBO to a larger extent in comparison with variations in other variables. It seems likely that a determining influence on variations in stratospheric wind and temperature is exerted by the ENSO. Variations in tropospheric and stratospheric parameters with a mean period of about 2 years are due to the ENSO and NAO effects. 相似文献
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A. N. Borovskii A. Ya. Arabov G. S. Golitsyn A. N. Gruzdev N. F. Elanskii A. S. Elokhov I. I. Mokhov V. V. Savinykh I. A. Senik A. V. Timazhev 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2016,41(2):93-103
The data are presented on total nitrogen dioxide (NO2) content in the atmosphere from 1979 to 2009 at the high-mountain scientific station located in the unpolluted area in the North Caucasus at the height of 2070 m above the sea level (43.7° N, 42.7° E). The total content of NO2 was measured on the basis of attenuation of direct solar radiation over slope pathways after the sunrise and before the sunset. Characteristics features are analyzed of temporal variability of total NO2 content in the atmosphere related to its diurnal and seasonal variations, 11-year solar activity, volcanic eruptions, quasi-biennial oscillations of tropical circulation, and the El Niño effect. 相似文献
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A. N. Gruzdev 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2008,44(3):319-333
Diurnal and annual variations in the NO2 total content (TC), the effect of its decrease owing to the products of the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, its variations during an 11-year cycle of solar activity, and its linear trends are analyzed on the basis of data obtained from the ground-based spectrometric measurements of the NO2 TC in stratospheric vertical columns over the stations of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change. Latitudinal dependence of the indicated variations and trends is revealed. The annual estimates of the linear trends of the NO2 TC are found to be mostly positive for the middle and low latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere and negative for the middle and low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The maximum values of the positive and negative trends amount to ～10% per ten years. In the high and polar latitudes of both hemispheres, the annual trend estimates are statistically insignificant. Seasonal estimates of the trends may differ from their annual estimates. The trends and solar-activity effect in the NO2 TC, which were estimated by using the two-dimensional model SOCRATES, as well as the analytical estimates of a zonal mean trend of the NO2 TC, on the whole, significantly differ from the estimates obtained from the measurements. 相似文献
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Doklady Earth Sciences - 相似文献
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A. N. Gruzdev 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2014,54(5):633-639
Using spectral, cross-spectral, and regression methods, we analyzed the effect of the 11-year cycle of solar activity on the ozone content in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere via satellite measurement data obtained with the help of SBUV/SBUV2 instruments in 1978–2003. We revealed a high coherence between the ozone content and solar activity level on the solar cycle scale. In much of this area, the ozone content varies approximately in phase with the solar cycle; however, in areas of significant gradients of ozone mixing ratio in the middle stratosphere, the phase shift between ozone and solar oscillations can be considerable, up to π/2. This can be caused by dynamical processes. The altitude maxima of ozone sensitivity to the 11-year solar cycle were found in the upper vicinity of the stratopause (50–55 km), in the middle stratosphere (35–40 km), and the lower stratosphere (below 25 km). Maximal changes in ozone content in the solar cycle (up to 10% and more) were found in winter and spring in polar regions. 相似文献
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Pioneer information about the chemical composition of river water in Wrangel Island has been obtained. It is shown that the
water composition reflects the lithogeochemical specifics of primary rocks and ore mineralization. In contrast to many areas
of the Russian Far North, river waters of the island are characterized by an elevated background value of total mineralization
(i.e., total dissolved solids, TDS) (0.3–2 g/l) and specific chemical type (SO4-Ca-Mg). This is related to abundance of Late Carboniferous gypsiferous and dolomitic sequences in the mountainous area of
the island. It has also been established that the salt composition of some streams is appreciably governed by supergene alterations
of the sulfide mineralization associated with the quartz-carbonate vein systems. They make up natural centers of surface water
contamination. Waters in such streams are characterized by low pH values (2.4–5.5), high TDS (up to 6–23 g/l) and the SO4-Mg composition. These waters are also marked by anomalously high concentrations of heavy and nonferrous metals, as well as
REE, U, and Th. 相似文献
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Krivolutsky A. A. Repnev A. I. Mironova I. A. Gruzdev A. N. Tuniyants T. I. 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2019,55(6):537-551
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - A review of the results of Russian studies of the middle atmosphere in 2015–2018 prepared by the Commission on the Middle Atmosphere of the... 相似文献