排序方式： 共有7条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
1
1.
Assessment of the impact of industrial effluents on water quality of receiving rivers in urban areas of Malawi 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
O. Phiri P. Mumba B. H. Z. Moyo W. Kadewa 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2005,2(3):237-244
A study was carried out in Malawi to assess the extent of chemical pollution in a receiving river as affected by industrial effluents. Both the effluents and the water at selected points in the river were analysed for pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, suspended solids, nitrate, alkalinity, hardness, chloride and phosphate in the dry and rainy seasons. The results showed that the effluents were acidic in both the dry season (range: 4.2 ± 0.02–6.5 ± 0.02) and in the rainy season (range: 4.2 ± 0.05–5.6 ± 0.01). While the levels of dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, suspended solids, alkalinity and chloride were relatively high in the dry and rainy seasons, the concentration of phosphate and nitrate were low in both seasons. The water upstream was neutral (average pH, 7.40 ± 0.04) with high dissolved oxygen but low in the levels of the other parameters in both seasons. The water after the effluent receiving points was acidic and the levels of the other parameters were high, especially downstream. The results suggested that the water in the river was polluted and not good for human consumption. It is therefore recommended that the careless disposal of the wastes should be discouraged and although the values in some cases were lower than the allowable limits, the continued discharge of the effluents in the river may result in severe accumulation of the contaminants and, unless the authorities implement the laws governing the disposal of wastes, this may affect the lives of the people. 相似文献
2.
ABSTRACTClimatic factors such as rainfall and temperature play a vital role in the growth characteristics of vegetation. While the relationship between climate and vegetation growth can be accurately predicted in instances where vegetation is homogenous, this becomes complex to determine in heterogeneous vegetation environments. The aim of this paper was to study the relationship between remotely-sensed monthly vegetation indices (i.e. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Enhanced Vegetation Index) and climatic variables (temperature and precipitation) using time-series analysis at the biome-level. Specifically, the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL1 and ARDL2, corresponding respectively to one month and two month lags) and the Koyck-transformed distributed lag model were used to build regression models. All three models estimated NDVI and EVI fairly accurately in all biomes (Relative Root-Mean-Squared-Error (RMSE): 12.0–26.4%). Biomes characterized by relative homogeneity (Grassland, Savanna, Indian Ocean Coastal Belt and Forest Biomes) achieved the most accurate estimates due to the dominance of a few species. Comparisons of lag size (one month compared to two months) generally showed similarities (Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and log-likelihood) with quite high comparability in certain biomes – this indicates the utility of the ARDL1 and ARDL2 model, depending on the availability of appropriate data. These findings demonstrate the variation in estimation linked to the biome, and thus the validity of biome-level correlation of climatic data and vegetation indices. 相似文献
3.
以水温16oC、p H 8.1±0.2、盐度20的砂滤海水为实验用水,以体长(7.643±0.639)mm的日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)秋繁同生群仔虾为实验对象,经确认其在水温由16oC瞬降至14oC后并保持96h恒温的最终成活率略低于5%后,以此为水温骤降胁迫处理方式,采取显微扫描像素测量技术和多元分析方法定量研究了A、B、C、D、E实验群体,依次为温降胁迫处理后(0—24)h、(24—48)h、(48—72)h、(72—96)h时段内的死亡群体和温降胁迫处理后96h时的存活群体间形态特征的差异。结果表明:(1)各实验群体在本研究所涉15项形态性状中均无显著差异(P0.05)仅为第一触角柄长、额剑长和眼径,在所涉17项形态比例指标均无显著差异(P0.05)仅为尾节高/尾节长;(2)随耐寒性能差异的增大,各实验群体间的欧氏距离也随之增大,且均达到极显著水平(P0.01);(3)经主成分分析,提取到的4个特征值均大于1的主成分,累计贡献率达87.590%,其中载荷绝对值大于0.80的主要影响变量均仅存在于第1主成分中;(4)将E实验群体定义为耐寒处理选留群,其余实验群体统归为耐寒处理淘汰群,采用逐步导入判别法建立的Fisher分类函数方程组可较清晰地区分淘汰群和选留群个体,其中选留群和淘汰群个体的判别准确率P1分别为99%和88.75%,P2分别为89.80%和98.88%,两者综合判别准确率为93.88%。 相似文献
4.
InterPreting effects of TOCinert organic content on source rock Potential using S2 vs. TOC graPh in Maamba Coalfield,southern Zambia 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Cryton Phiri WANG Pujun G Roland Nguimbi Abdallah-Yousif Ibrahim Hassan 《世界地质(英文版)》2014,17(4):199-205
The authors Present the effects of the total organic carbon( TOCinert )during Pyrolysis and how it overall affects the estimates of the hydrocarbon index( HI)using the cross Plot S2 vs. TOC graPh. A to... 相似文献
5.
Just like in sedimentary stratigraphy, the volcanostratigraphic boundary is an important factor for constructing volcanostratigraphic framework. The fundamental factor of volcanostratigraphic boundaries is to classify the types and define their characteristics. Based on field investigation and cross-wells section analysis of Mesozoic volcanostratigraphy in NE China, 5 types of volcanostratigraphic boundaries have been recognized, namely eruptive conformity boundary(ECB), eruptive unconformity boundary(EUB), eruptive interval unconformity boundary(EIUB), tectonic unconformity boundary(TUB) and intrusive contacts boundary(ICB). Except ICB, the unconformity boundaries can be divided into angular unconformity and paraconformity. The time spans and signs of these boundaries are analyzed by using age data of some volcanic fields that have been published. The time spans of ECB and EUB are from several minutes to years. In lava flows, cooling crust is distributed above and below ECB and EUB; in pyroclastic flows, airfalls and lahars, a fine layer below these boundaries has no discernable erosion at every part of the boundary. EUB may be curved or cross curved and jagged. The scale of ECB/EUB is dependent on the scale of lava flow or pyroclastic flows. The time span of EIUB is from decades to thousands of years. There is also weathered crust under EIUB and sedimentary rock beds overlie EIUB. In most instances, weathered crust and thin sedimentary beds are associated with each other laterally. The boundary is a smooth curved plane. The scale of EIUB is dependent on the scale of the volcano or volcano groups. The characteristics of TUB are similar to EIUB’s. The time interval of TUB is from tens of thousands to millions of years. The scale of TUB depends on the scale of the basin or volcanic field. Both the lab data and logging data of wells in the Songliao Basin reveal that the porosity is greatly related to the boundaries in the lava flows. There is a high-porosity belt below ECB, EUB or EIUB, and the porosity decreases when it is apart from the boundary. The high-porosity belt below ECB and EUB is mainly contributed by primary porosity, such as vesicles. The high-porosity belt below EIUB is mainly contributed by primary and secondary porosity, such as association of vesicles and spongy pores, so the area near the boundary in lava flows is a very important target for reservoirs. 相似文献
6.
以体长7.643±0.639mm的日本囊对虾秋繁同生群仔虾为实验对象,以氨氮为胁迫因子,在水温18.0±1.0oC、盐度20、p H 8.1±0.2的条件下,经确认其96h成活率略低于5%的氨氮攻毒质量浓度为52.37mg/L后,以此为氨氮急性攻毒实验质量浓度,借助显微扫描像素测量技术和多元分析方法定量研究了A、B、C、D、E实验群体(依次为氨氮攻毒0—24h、24—48h、48—72h、72—96 h时段内的死亡群体和氨氮攻毒96 h时的存活群体)间形态表型特征的差异。结果表明:(1)在所涉15项形态性状中,各实验群体间均无显著差异(P0.05)的性状仅为总长和第四腹节长;(2)在所涉17项形态比例指标中,各实验群体间均无显著差异(P0.05)的指标共计3项,依次为第五腹节长/总长、额剑长/头胸甲长和尾节高/尾节长,各实验群体间的欧氏距离均达到显著水平(P0.01),且均有随耐氨氮性能差异的增大而呈显著增大的趋势;(3)经主成分分析,提取到的5个特征值均大于1的主成分,累计贡献率达85.940%,其中第1主成分的贡献率高达46.121%,其载荷绝对值大于0.5的主要影响变量占形态比例指标总数的64.706%;(4)将氨氮急性攻毒处理所获E实验群体定义为选留群,其余实验群体统归为淘汰群,经判别分析,所建的Fisher分类函数方程组可较清晰地区分淘汰群和选留群个体,其中选留群和淘汰群个体的判别准确率P1分别为99%和86.75%,P2分别为88.20%和98.86%,两者综合判别准确率为92.88%。 相似文献
7.
1