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脉冲星是演化末期的大质量恒星经过核坍缩形成的产物,它们在天体物理学、粒子物理学和卫星导航等方面具有重要的应用。自脉冲星发现50年来,其观测和理论研究取得了巨大进展。脉冲星主要在射电波段被探测到,部分脉冲星也有X射线和γ射线等波段的辐射,它们的信息非常丰富。根据其不同的观测特征可以把脉冲星分为多种类型。主要对射电、X射线以及γ射线波段的特殊类型脉冲星,包括旋转射电暂现源、间歇脉冲星、态转换X射线脉冲星、磁星、暗X射线孤立中子星、中心致密天体以及γ射线脉冲星的基本性质及其研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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汤宁宇 左沛 李菂 Lei Qian Tie Liu Yue-Fang Wu Marko Krco Meng-Ting Liu You-Ling Yue Yan Zhu Hong-Fei Liu Dong-Jun Yu Jing-Hai Sun Peng Jiang Gao-Feng Pan Hui Li Heng-Qian Gan Rui Yao Shu Liu FAST Collaboration 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2020,(5):181-192
We present a pilot HI survey of 17 Planck Galactic Cold Clumps(PGCCs)with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST).HI Narrow Self-Absorption(HINSA)is an effective method to detect cold HI being mixed with molecular hydrogen H2 and improves our understanding of the atomic to molecular transition in the interstellar medium.HINSA was found in 58%PGCCs that we observed.The column density of HINSA was found to have an intermediate correlation with that of 13CO,following log(N(HINSA))=(0.52±0.26)log(N13CO)+(10±4.1).HI abundance relative to total hydrogen[HI]/[H]has an average value of 4.4×10-3,which is about 2.8 times of the average value of previous HINSA surveys toward molecular clouds.For clouds with total column density NH>5×1020 cm-2,an inverse correlation between HINSA abundance and total hydrogen column density is found,confirming the depletion of cold HI gas during molecular gas formation in more massive clouds.Nonthermal line width of 13CO is about 0-0.5 kms-1 larger than that of HINSA.One possible explanation of narrower non-thermal width of HINSA is that HINSA region is smaller than that of 13CO.Based on an analytic model of H2 formation and H2 dissociation by cosmic ray,we found the cloud ages to be within 106.7-107.0 yr for five sources. 相似文献
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脉冲星搜索是500 m口径球面射电望远镜(Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope,FAST)的主要科学目标之一。针对FAST设备性能,模拟FAST脉冲星巡天,优化巡天方案,对即将开展的FAST脉冲星巡天项目具有重要的实用价值。基于Parkes多波束巡天、Parkes中纬度巡天和Parkes高纬度巡天的结果,利用脉冲星分布模拟软件包PsrPopPy,模拟得到了银河系中正常脉冲星和毫秒脉冲星的空间分布样本,并根据FAST设备参数进行了虚拟观测。结果表明,使用FAST 19波束接收机漂移扫描观测模式,在中心频率为1250MHz,带宽为400 MHz,每波束扫描时间为13.5 s,有效积分时间为6.0 s的情况下,在赤纬为-14~?12′～65~?48′天区内,可发现1600颗正常脉冲星和238颗毫秒脉冲星。为获得银河系中脉冲星自旋演化的样本,使用evolve代码进行了再次模拟。设置相同的观测参数的情况下,在全天范围内模拟探测到孤立正常脉冲星1749颗,并得到其在P-P图上的分布。 相似文献
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