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Effects of modified clay flocculation on major nutrients and diatom aggregation during Skeletonema costatum blooms in the laboratory 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Harmful algal blooms(HABs) can elicit several negative effects on aquatic environment(such as depleting the oxygen, blocking the sunlight, destroying the habitats of organisms) and life health(including poisoning/killing marine mammals, birds and human). Among the various control strategies for HABs(physical manipulation needs lots of manpower and expensive equipment, chemicals treatment has some toxic byproduct and high residual, microbial agents only has limited in laboratory research), the coagulation-flocculation of HAB species by modified clay(MC) has been proven to be an effective, lowcost and environmentally friendly method that has been widely applied in the field, particularly in eastern Asia. In order to examine the long-term effects of MC treatment, this study investigated the alternations in seawater of Skeletonema costatum, a high biomass dominant HAB species along the Chinese coast, by comparing the degradation of S. costatum detritus(A1) with the application of MC treatment(A2) and MC treatment in sediment condition(A3). The low dosage of 0.25 g/L MC could efficiently remove 4×108 cells/L of S. costatum cells within 3.5 h(approximately 97% removal). In addition, the results showed that both inorganic and organic nutrients were effectively reduced from seawater by MC particles. Compared to the total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) concentrations in A1 seawater, 44% of TN and 93% of TP in A2 seawater, as well as 72% of TN and 93% of TP in A3 seawater were removed during the onemonth incubation period. Simultaneously, 64% of DISi in A2 and 44% of DISi in A3 significantly decreased( P 0.001). This study demonstrated that MC treatment was able to significantly increase the downward flux of nutrients and delay the release velocity of inorganic nutrient from MC-algae matrix into the overlying seawater, particularly within sediment environment. 相似文献
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海洋生态系统中,羟胺作为多种微生物作用的中间产物,在氮的海洋生物地球化学循环中起着重要作用。目前,缺乏针对海洋中微量羟胺简便易行的测定方法。本研究借鉴海水中铁离子测定原理,首次应用硫酸铁铵-邻菲罗啉法间接测定海水中微量羟胺浓度,确定出该方法可在30—120min内稳定、快速地测定微量羟胺。通过对方法不确定度的系统评价得出,此方法灵敏度高、响应快、稳定性和重复性好,操作简便,适于羟胺检测浓度范围为0.020—0.800mg/L(R2=0.9996,P0.0001,n=32);天然海水中平均加标回收率达到106.9%(RSD=1.71%)。检测室内处于培养指数增长期的东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)藻液发现,羟胺主要被合成于藻细胞内部,其胞外含量低至检测下限附近。 相似文献
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Key nitrogen biogeochemical processes revealed by the nitrogen isotopic composition of dissolved nitrate in the Changjiang River estuary,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Seasonal variations in the nitrogen isotopic composition of dissolved nitrate(δ 15 NO 3) were investigated in the surface waters of the Changjiang River estuary in 2009 and 2010. δ 15 NO 3 varied between-4.6‰ and 8.9‰ with changes in temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen concentrations, and the composition of the dissolved inorganic nitrogen pool. In February, biological processes decreased because of low temperature, and the mean δ 15 NO 3 near the river mouth was 2.4‰. In May, δ 15 NO 3 was the highest in the surface waters among all seasons. Analysis on the conservative mixing revealed assimilation, and this fi nding is supported by positive relationship between Chl a and δ 15 NO 3. The fractionation factor of assimilation was estimated to be 2.0‰ by the Rayleigh equation. Nitrifi cation was supported based on the mixing behaviors in November 2010 and the low δ 15 NO 3 values in May and November 2009. The high ammonium concentrations in the adjacent marine area and positive relationships between total organic nitrogen and δ 15 NO 3 in November 2010 indicated that mineralization was taking place. 相似文献
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The Henry’s Law constant (k) for phosphine in seawater was determined by multiple phase equilibration combined with headspace gas chromatography. The effects of pH, temperature, and salinity on k were studied. The k value for phosphine in natural seawater was 6.415 at room temperature (approximately 23°C). This value increases with increases in temperature and salinity, but no obvious change was observed at different pH levels. At the same temperature, there was no significant difference between the k for phosphine in natural seawater and that in artificial seawater. This implies that temperature and salinity are major determining factors for k in marine environment. Double linear regression with Henry’s Law constants for phosphine as a function of temperature and salinity confirmed our observations. These results provide a basis for the measurement of trace phosphine concentrations in seawater, and will be helpful for future research on the status of phosphine in the oceanic biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus. 相似文献
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