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Seasonal variations in numerical abundance, cell diameter and population carbon biomass of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans were studied for 10 years from 2004 to 2013 in Jiaozhou Bay and adjacent coastal Yellow Sea, China, and their ecological functions were evaluated. In both areas, N. scintillans occurred throughout the year and demonstrated an essentially similar seasonality; the cell abundance increased rapidly from the winter minimum to an annual peak in late spring and early summer, and decreased gradually toward the autumn-winter minimum. The peak abundance differed by years, and there was no consistent trend in long-term numerical variations. The cell diameter also showed a seasonal fluctuation, being larger in spring and early summer than the other seasons. Estimated carbon biomass of N. scintillans population reached to a peak as high as 90.3 mg C/m~3, and occasionally exceed over phytoplankton and copepod biomass. Our results demonstrate that N. scintillans in northwestern Yellow Sea displays the seasonal phenology almost identical to the populations in other temperate regions, and play important trophic roles as a heterotroph to interact with sympatric phytoplankton and copepods. 相似文献
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研究了热带西太平洋雅浦Y3海山冬季和马里亚纳M2海山春季网采浮游植物群落结构,对调查区浮游植物的物种组成、优势种类、细胞丰度以及多样性指数进行了分析。结果表明,两个海山区共鉴定浮游植物4门50属219种,其中硅藻门30属106种,甲藻门17属112种,蓝藻门1属2种,金藻门2属3种。两个航次研究区浮游植物优势种均以链状硅藻如根管藻(Rhizosolenia)、半管藻(Hemiaulus)和角毛藻(Chaetoceros)等属的种类为主,此外太阳漂流藻(Planktoniella sol)、铁氏束毛藻(Trichodesmium thiebautii)以及部分角藻(Ceratium)物种优势度也比较明显。Y3海山区浮游植物细胞丰度介于1.60～16.61 cells/L,平均值为5.02 cells/L; M2海山区浮游植物细胞丰度介于1.36～10.20 cells/L,平均值为4.12cells/L。两个海山区浮游植物细胞丰度的分布趋势均受硅藻影响较大,甲藻细胞丰度相对较低。在属的水平上,角毛藻、根管藻、角藻和半管藻等属的细胞丰度对两个海山区浮游植物总细胞丰度的贡献较大。多样性指数方面, Y3海山区浮游植物群落香农-威纳指数H′(shannon-wiener index)介于3.95～4.69,平均值为4.30; M2海山区浮游植物群落香农-威纳指数介于3.23～4.46,平均值为3.83。两个海山区浮游植物群落多样性指数均处于较高水平,但站位间的变化不明显。目前,关于热带西太平洋海山区浮游植物群落结构的研究还非常缺乏,亟需后续研究的补充。 相似文献
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东海表层海水中微塑料分布与组成 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文通过2015年夏季在东海水域进行采样,对东海表层水体中微塑料的空间分布和组成进行了定量与定性分析。结果表明:东海表层海水中广泛存在微塑料,微塑料的分布密度在0.011—2.198piece/m3之间,平均含量为0.31piece/m3。微塑料的长度多在500μm至5mm之间,占88.6%;其形态多为泡沫状(54.8%),其次是块状(21.4%)和薄膜状(11.8%);其外观多呈现为白色(71.9%)和彩色(18.5%);其化学成分主要是聚乙烯(45.5%)和聚丙烯(34.6%)。对形态、颜色和化学组成的分析表明,这些微塑料主要来源于陆地,在沿海通过海岸或河流进入海洋。河流和洋流的运动是影响微塑料迁移而导致其分布不均状况的主要因素。与国内外已有相关研究结果的比较表明东海微塑料的分布密度处于中等水平。 相似文献
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微塑料(MPs)作为一种普遍存在的新污染物受到广泛关注,工业来源被认为是受纳河流和邻近海域中微塑料的重要来源,但是关于工业来源废水中的微塑料污染情况并不明确。本文系统研究了山东沿海5个行业代表性企业进水和出水中微塑料的赋存特征,结果表明,工业废水源内部污水处理系统对微塑料的去除效率较低,平均去除率仅为59.86%,沿海工业废水是近海环境中微塑料污染的潜在重要来源。不同类型工业中纺织印染业的进、出水微塑料含量最大,平均丰度分别为84.8个/L和19.6个/L,纸塑制造厂、化工厂和船舶工业的污水中微塑料丰度相近,进水中微塑料丰度在32.0~37.2个/L之间,出水中微塑料丰度在10.8~14.6个/L之间,金矿厂的进水中微塑料丰度最低,为23.9个/L,出水微塑料丰度为17.6个/L。不同工业源进水中微塑料在形状和成分上相似,在尺寸和颜色上存在行业差异,纤维(占比范围61.46%~84.48%)是主要形状,聚乙烯(PE)(53.48%~76.19%)是主要成分。工业源出水中微塑料主要形状为纤维(61.46%~91.06%),主要颜色为蓝色(41.67%~58.22%),主要成分为PE (16.22%~67.83%),出水中微塑料尺寸存在行业差异,≤300 μm的微塑料平均占比最高,为28.67%,占比范围为23.96%~35.19%。工业出水中微塑料特征与海洋中微塑料特征高度契合,再次证明了工业污水对海洋微塑料污染的重要贡献。本研究通过揭示典型海湾周边代表性行业的工业污水中微塑料浓度与特征,为海洋微塑料的源汇特征、迁移与防控研究提供科学依据。 相似文献
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This study investigated net-phytoplankton biomass, species composition, the phytoplankton abundance horizontal distribution, and the correlations between net-phytoplankton communities and mesoscale structure that were derived from the net samples taken from the Western Boundary Currents during summer, 2014. A total of 199 phytoplankton species belonging to 61 genera in four phyla were identified. The dominant species included C limacodium frauenfeldianum, Thalassiothrix longissima, Rhizosolenia styliformis var. styliformis, Pyrocystis noctiluca, Ceratium trichoceros, and Trichodesmium thiebautii. Four phytoplankton communities were divided by cluster analysis and the clusters were mainly associated with the North Equatorial Counter Current(NECC), the North Equatorial Current(NEC), the Subtropical Counter Current(STCC), and the Luzon Current(LC), respectively. The lowest phytoplankton cell abundance and the highest T richodesmium filament abundance were recorded in the STCC region. The principal component analysis showed that T. thiebautii preferred warm and nutrient poor water. There was also an increase in phytoplankton abundance and biomass near 5°N in the NECC region, where they benefit from upwellings and eddies. 相似文献
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自主式深海海底溶质通量原位观测站研究进展 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
针对深入了解深海海底界面的物理、化学和生物动态变化过程及机制的观测需求,综述了自主式海底观测站(着陆器,lander)在深海海底溶质通量监测的研究进展。探讨了海底观测站的设计与实施技术,分析总结了深海自主式原位观测站在沉积物-水界面化学组分通量的观测机理,讨论了自主式海底观测站的国内外发展现状。自主式海底观测站具有可灵活机动选择观测地点、操作简单、便于多参数综合测量的特点,为获取深海海底长时空尺度综合参数资料提供了有效的技术支撑。根据目前深海生物地球化学循环研究特点,提出了自主式海底观测站面临的问题与发展建议。 相似文献