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摄食水平和性别对稀有鮈鲫生长和能量收支的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
于1995年10月采集本所自繁有ju鲫（约1.03g/ind)，在30℃水温下进行摄食－生长实验，研究了从饥饿到饱食5个摄食水平对不同性别稀有ju鲫的生长和能量收支的影响，结果表明，鱼体干物和能量含量不受摄食率和性别的影响，随着摄食率的增加，雌鱼的湿重，干重和能量特定生长率均呈双对数增加，雄鱼湿重特定生长率呈双对数增加，而干物质和能量特定生长率呈指增加，雄鱼生长速度及摄食率低于雌鱼，随着摄食率的增加，食物能损失于粪便中的比例均呈上升趋势，损失于排泄物中的比例变化不大，呈下降趋势，用于代谢的比例呈下降趋势，用于生长的比例呈上升趋势，除饥饿组外，在各个摄食水平，雌鱼食物能用于代谢的比例较雄鱼低，而用于生长的比例较雄鱼高。 相似文献
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INTRODUCTION The eonversion of dietary Protein,liPid and earbohydrate in the body of thevertebrate 15 conneeted with the intermediate metabolism Proeesses in whieh themetalloenzymes Play very imPortant roles.Anderson et al.(1984)and Teshimaand Kanazawa(1 986)Proved the maintenanee of ProPer Protein and liPidlevelsin the diets eoneomitant with inereasing the dietary earbohydrate eontent to 40%ean Promote teh growth of Nile tilaPia fingerlings.EI一Sayed and Garling(1988)indi eated th… 相似文献
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We evaluated the effect of water temperature on the growth and physiology of the Chinese longsnout catfish (Leiocassis longirostris Günther). The fish were reared at four temperatures (20, 25, 30, and 35°C) and sampled on days 7, 20, and 30. We measured plasma levels of insulin, free thyroxine (FT4), free 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (FT3), lysozyme and leukocyte phagocytic activity. The optimum water temperature for growth was 27.7°C. The plasma levels of insulin and FT4 declined significantly (P<0.05) on day 30 at temperatures above 20°C. Lysozyme activity was significantly (P<0.05) lower at 25°C than at other temperatures. We conclude that final weight, insulin, FT4, and lysozyme were significantly affected by water temperature. 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTION Compensatory growth or catch-up growth is a phase of unusual rapid growth induced by a period of environmental restriction; it had been demon-strated in a wide range of fish species following food deprivation (Bilton and Robins, 1973; Dobson and Holmes, 1984; Miglavs and Jobling, 1989; Quinton and Blake, 990; Wieser et al., 1992; Reim-ers et al., 1993; Kim and Lovell, 1995; Paul et al., 1995), restricted feeding (Weatherley and Gill, 1981; Jobling and Koskela, 1996; P… 相似文献
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夏方 陈国荣Allan PRING Joel BRUGGER Yung NGOTHAI Brain O＇NEILL Chris COLBY Christophe TENAILLEAU王海鹏 杨云霞 《地质学报》2007,81(10):1378-1390
本工作首次在实验室条件下对浅生区紫硫镍矿(Ni,Fe)3S4交代镍黄铁矿(Ni,Fe)9S8水热反应的机理及动力学进行了研究。起始反应矿物采用高纯自然镍黄铁矿,合成纯镍黄铁矿或合成镍黄铁矿-磁黄铁矿集合体。反应pH值采用0.2M醋酸-醋酸纳缓冲溶液控制在3～5的范围内。反应进程由X-射线衍射物相定量分析及扫描电镜观察进行跟踪。结果表明,当反应温度恒定在80℃时,交代20(4)%的镍黄铁矿需792h。相同条件下加入少量H2S可将反应速率提高一倍。当反应在125℃饱和蒸汽压水热环境下进行时,完全交代纯镍黄铁矿需约168h。此过程由于磁黄铁矿的存在而被催化,交代集合体中的镍黄铁矿仅需68h,进一步反应磁黄铁矿被交代成白铁矿。磁黄铁矿的催化作用可能源于溶解产生的微裂纹加速了流体的传质过程。当反应温度升高至145℃时,速率反而下降,不遵循Arrhenius经验规律。动力学分析得80℃速率常数介于5.8×10-8～3.0×10-7/s之间,125℃及145℃速率常数分别介于2.8×10-6～2.08×10-5/s及1×10-6～5.1×10-6/s之间,远高于同温度下固相扩散反应的速率常数,表明该反应在地质时标上为一快速反应。此外,用背散射电子显微技术对矿物表面形貌进行了分析,发现交代产物紫硫镍矿具有颗粒细小及存在微裂纹等特征,与自然界浅生矿床中的紫硫镍矿非常相似;电镜实验还表明该交代作用是一个典型的耦合溶解-再沉淀反应。其耦合机制的驱动力可能与反应界面处微空隙对流体饱和度的控制有关。 相似文献
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Cottonseed meal (CM) was used at up to 36.95% content in the diet (replacing 60% of dietary fish meal protein) without any negative eff ects on growth performance of pre-adult grass carp (initial body weight, 761 g) under outdoor conditions. A culture trial was conducted in net cages installed in a large concrete pond. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing a gradient of CM concentrations (0, 12.2%, 24.4%, 36.6%, 48.8%, 54.8%, and 61.0%) as replacement for dietary fish meal protein (0, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 90%, and 100%) were formulated. Dietary non-resistant starch (from maize) was inverse to dietary CM. Growth performance and feed utilization of fish fed the diets containing CM replacing 0–40% fishmeal protein were not aff ected after the 6-week feeding trial. Accumulation of hepatopancreatic total gossypol in the hepatopancreas was significantly correlated with free gossypol content in the diets (HTG=88.6+1.5×DFG, R 2=0.89, P<0.05). Intestinal α-amylase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activities rose along with increasing dietary CM level. The structure of the mid-intestinal tissues and the ultrastructure of the enterocyte microvilli were normal when dietary CM was <36.6% (60% protein replacement). Increasing dietary CM content increased serum alanine aminotransferase levels but decreased serum alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and albumin (P<0.05). 相似文献
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以鱼粉和酪蛋白为蛋白源,玉米淀粉为糖源,以豆油分别替代25%、50%、75%和100%的鱼油,配制4组等氮(50.26%—51.03%)、等能(20.82—21.01k J/g)实验饲料,每组饲料设3个平行,每个平行20尾鱼,进行为期6周的生长实验。实验结果表明,过高的豆油替代会引起生长的下降。随着豆油替代水平的升高,饲料转换系数(FCR)呈现先下降后上升的趋势,最高值(1.96±0.42)出现在全豆油替代水平组,而蛋白质效率(PER)表现为相反的结果。全豆油替代组呈现相对最高的肝体比(HSI)值,但各处理组之间没有显著性差异(P0.05)。全鱼水分和蛋白含量没有明显差异(P0.05)。投喂25%替代水平组的全鱼脂肪含量最高(P0.05),但是在50%—100%替代水平处理组之间没有显著差异(P0.05)。赤点石斑鱼鱼体脂肪酸组成明显受到饲料脂肪酸组成的影响。随着饲料豆油水平的升高,全鱼鱼体中的亚油酸(C18:2n6)含量显著升高(P0.05),ARA(C20:4n6)、EPA(C20:5n3)和DHA(C22:6n3)含量在全豆油替代组最低。总之,饲料豆油替代水平不宜超过75%,过高的豆油替代水平可能会对赤点石斑鱼生长产生不利影响,并影响鱼的品质。 相似文献
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