大西洋鲑在封闭循环水养殖模式下的生长和性腺发育研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐世宏  王彦丰  刘清华  刘鹰  王顺奎  徐滢轩  李军 《海洋科学》2019,43(11):97-102

本研究探讨了在封闭循环水养殖模式下大西洋鲑(Salmosalar)的生长发育模式,对封闭循环水系统养殖的大西洋鲑重要生长数量性状进行生物学测量,并跟踪性腺发育状况。本研究自2012年1月通过封闭循环水系统进行大西洋鲑养殖,经过周年养殖,体质量平均达到1194.42g,体长平均达到417.00 mm,体高平均达到100.58 mm,体宽平均达到53.52 mm,少数个体在养殖10个月后性腺发育较快,性腺质量达到9.76 g,性腺指数达到1.31%。本研究的研究结果为建立大西洋鲑标准化循环水养殖系统积累资料。  相似文献   

New observations and transit solutions of the inflated exoplanets HAT-P-40b and HAT-P-51b     

Diana P.Kjurkchieva  Nikola I.Petrov  Velimir A.Popov 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2021,(2)

We present high-precision photometric observations of the transiting exoplanets HAT-P-40 b and HAT-P-51 b by the Rozhen 2-m telescope.The newly-observed transit of HAT-P-40 b is the first one with a complete curve.The orbital periods of the two targets were improved.We modeled the observed transits and found bigger stellar radii than those derived from the stellar models.The planet radii of HATP-40 b and HAT-P-51 b obtained from our transit solutions are bigger than the values calculated by the empirical relations for Jupiter-mass and Saturn-mass planets respectively.Their values reveal the highlyinflated nature of the two targets,especially that of HAT-P-51 b.We established that the best transit solutions correspond to a quadratic limb-darkening law.The fitted limb-darkening coefficients of HAT-P-40 are close to the theoretical ones while those of HAT-P-51 are a little different.The precise astrometric Gaia distances of the two targets are smaller by 6%–7%than the calculated values from the stellar models.We propose the Gaia distances to be used for improvement of the stellar models as well as for more reliable calculation of the parameters of the known exoplanets.  相似文献   

Differentiated payments for environmental services schemes: Amethodology proposal     

Carlos R.AGUILAR-GóMEZ  Sergio FRANCO-MAASS  Tizbe T.ARTEAGA-REYES 《山地科学学报》2018,15(8):1693-1710

Payment schemes for environmental services face serious budget constraints in Mexico. Payments are equally distributed among forest owners, and the governmental agencies that make payments to beneficiaries do not evaluate the amount of environmental services produced by forested areas. This lack of evaluation could lead to economic and environmental deficiencies that restrict the possible benefits of such programmes. In general, these programmes do not achieve their conservation objectives, and local beneficiaries are not involved in the design or application of these programmes. Similarly, the Payments for Hydrological Environmental Services (PHES) programme of the State of Mexico, Mexico, makes equal payments to beneficiaries of forested areas considering tree density. The objective of the present work was to create a methodology for determining differentiated payments schemes for hydrological environmental services, prioritising areas that contribute the most to groundwater recharge and promote the participation of society. In the Nevado de Toluca Natural Protected Area, the environmental criteria of forest type, tree density and aquifer overexploitation as well as social participation were considered in a multi-criteria analysis implemented in a Geographic Information System. A methodology was developed to determine differentiated payments based on specific forest characteristics that influence the potential capacity of forests to recharge groundwater reserves in addition to the level of social participation. In particular, social participation is key as it could ensure the viability of PHES programmes as conservation alternatives in forested areas with high groundwater recharge potential.  相似文献   

西南煤系地层山区采动型崩滑灾害研究关键问题     

李军  褚宏亮  李滨  贺凯  高杨 《中国岩溶》2020,39(4):453-466

文章在分析采矿型崩滑灾害发育特征的基础上，得出西南煤系地层山区地下采动型崩滑灾害常发生在层状碳酸盐岩与碎屑岩地层组成的褶皱翼部和核部的陡崖带上，与地形地貌、地层结构与地下采矿工程活动等因素关系密切，并指出薄矿层开采诱发大型山体崩滑灾害的具体过程:①采空后覆岩顶板塌落—覆岩顶板离层，采空区上覆岩层内部及层间自下而上应力传递；②地下水运移通道形成，并加快更大范围岩体结构破坏及扩展，加速了岩体结构面的松动与破坏；③上覆岩层不均匀沉降导致坡脚压裂，山体大型岩体结构面逐渐拉剪或压剪变形扩展，最终山体发生累积损伤与大规模崩滑灾害。此外，传统经验公式的计算方法对此类采矿型崩滑灾害已不适用，建议开展西南煤系地层山区地质结构与地下采动诱发崩滑灾害的相互作用关系、薄矿层采空区上部山体累积断裂损伤—岩体松动、裂隙扩展-岩溶管道流、裂隙流变化的链式响应机制、地下采动型崩滑灾害评价方法等关键科学问题的研究，以推动采矿型地质灾害防灾减灾工作的发展。   相似文献   

卡里马塔海峡水体交换的季节变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王研  徐腾飞  李淑江  Susanto R. Dwi  Agustiadi Teguh  Trenggono Mukti  谭伟  魏泽勋 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(4):47-57

Four trawl-resistant bottom mounts, with acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) embedded, were deployed in the Karimata Strait from November 2008 to June 2015 as part of the South China Sea-Indonesian Seas Transport/Exchange and Impact on Seasonal Fish Migration(SITE) Program, to estimate the volume and property transport between the South China Sea and Indonesian seas via the strait. The observed current data reveal that the volume transport through the Karimata Strait exhibits significant seasonal variation. The winteraveraged(from December to February) transport is –1.99 Sv(1 Sv=1×10~6 m~3/s), while in the boreal summer(from June to August), the average transport is 0.69 Sv. Moreover, the average transport from January 2009 to December2014 is –0.74 Sv(the positive/negative value indicates northward/southward transport). May and September are the transition period. In May, the currents in the Karimata Strait turn northward, consistent with the local monsoon. In September, the southeasterly trade wind is still present over the strait, driving surface water northward, whereas the bottom flow reverses direction, possibly because of the pressure gradient across the strait from north to south.  相似文献   

Depth of closure: New calculation method based on sediment data     

Luis Aragonés  Jose Ignacio Pagán  Isabel López  José C.Serra 《国际泥沙研究》2018,33(2):198-207

Obtaining depth of closure (DoC) in an accurate manner is a fundamental issue for coastal engineering, since good results for coastal structures and beach nourishment depend mainly on DoC. Currently, there are two methods for obtaining the DoC, mathematical formulations and profile surveys. However, these methods can incur important errors if one does not take into account the characteristics and morphology of the area, or if one does not have a sufficiently long time series. In this work the DoC is obtained from the break in the trend of the sediment with the depth, that is, in general with the increase of the depth a decrease in the size of the sediment takes place. However, at one point this tendency changes and the size increases, and then decreases again. When comparing the point where the minimum sediment size occurs before the increase, it is observed that the error incurred is small compared to other methods. If the Standard Deviation of Depth Change (SDDC) method is considered as the most accurate method, the error incurred by the proposed method is less than 7%. In addition, it can be seen that the dispersion of the sediment method always occurs outside the zone of bar movement. Whereas in the methods of profiles survey (using 2 cm precision profiles), sometimes the DoC is obtained within the active zone of bar movement. In addition, where the relative minimum of the median sediment size is found, and the sizes of 0.063 and 0.125 mm predominate in the composition of the sample. Therefore, this new method allows the precise location of the DoC to be obtained in a fast and simple way. Furthermore, this method has the advantage that it is not affected by the modifications that may be experienced by both the study area and the cross-shore beach profile.  相似文献   

基于库仑应力变化研究台湾强震对福建地区地震触发作用     

李强  袁丽文  李军  邱毅  黄艳丹 《华南地震》2018,(1)

考虑同震位错与震后黏弹性弛豫效应,采用分层地壳介质模型,定量计算了台湾地区M_S≥7.0强震对福建地区部分M_L≥4.0地震的库仑应力影响。结果显示:台湾强震对福建M_L≥4.0地震的发生影响较小,远没有达到地震触发阈值,不具有触发作用,其主要原因是这两地区距离较远。结合台湾与福建地区M-T图,认为虽然台湾强震与福建地震不属触发关系,但可以用"同期活跃"的特征来描述。当大区域背景应力状态处于较高水平时,台湾地区M_S≥7.0强震与福建地区M_L≥4.0地震同时较为活跃。在此情况下,台湾M_S≥7.0强震与福建地区M_L≥4.0地震哪个先发生都是可能的。  相似文献   

基于环境噪声的地幔间断面体波成像研究     

P.Poli  M.Campillo  H.Pedersen  李自芮 《世界地震译丛》2018,(1)

地震环境噪声互相关广泛用于地球岩石层的高分辨率面波成像。对在地球内部传播的地震体波进行类似观测将为我们打开一扇了解地球深部的窗口。本文介绍了如何利用地幔过渡带的顶部(410km)和底部(660km)间断面反射的P波噪声互相关来观测该地幔过渡带。数据表明,不利用震源也可绘制地幔过渡带高分辨率图像。  相似文献   

新的免费软件:钻孔地震数据处理与解释     

M.Farfour  W.J.Yoon  赵雷  燕云  赵龙梅  孙宏志 《世界地震译丛》2018,(1)

在地下成像和储层特征化中,垂直地震剖面(VSP)测量是一个重要的工具,这项技术可以使地球物理学家推断出其他方法无法获取的关键信息。MVSP是一个新的、具有图形用户界面(GUI)的MATLAB工具,用于垂直地震剖面炮点建模、数据处理和解释。该软件处理垂直地震剖面数据,从加载和预处理阶段到廊道绘图,以及集成测井数据和地震数据的最终阶段。一些地震和信号处理工具箱被集成和修改,以适应并完善处理和显示的软件包。开发该软件的主要动机是为地球科学领域的新地学科学家和学生提供免费软件,它将所有垂直地震剖面模块汇集成一个易于使用的软件包。该软件有几个模块,允许用户测试、处理、比较、可视化和生成可发布的结果。该软件开发成一个独立的MATLAB应用程序,只需要MATLAB Compiler Runtime(MCR)即可运行完整的功能。我们将详细介绍MVSP,并使用该软件来创建合成的垂直地震剖面数据。然后使用不同的可用工具来处理这些数据。并使用该软件加载和完全处理实际数据。最后,将该数据和测井数据相结合以进行更详细的分析和解释。为了评估该软件处理流程的准确性,使用商业软件处理相同的数据。对处理结果的比较表明,MVSP在处理垂直地震剖面数据方面和目前工业中使用的商业软件包同样高效,并且能提供相似高质量的处理后的数据。  相似文献   

地震预测评估方法(一)     

J.D.Zechar  张盛峰  陈时军 《世界地震译丛》2018,(4)

地震预测是地球科学有待解决的最重要问题之一。过去的10年间,地震预测研究重新得到重视,目前地震可预测性的试验在全球范围内开展。就这些试验而论,与预测评估有关的一些极其重要的问题有:详细的试验说明书、使用成功的量度,以及恰当的参考模型的选取。本文我们对这些问题逐一进行论述,并重点讨论前瞻性地震预测的检验。我们考察一般类型的地震预报,其预报格式可用二元表示。也就是说,对于任意给定的时空间隔,我们可推断给定震级尺度的地震是否发生。这种设定允许我们进行确定性预报和概率性预报的检验,并比较二者的结果。此外,这种检验因为实质上是许多"是"或"否"的累加,所以容易被人们所理解。作为二元性能的量度及其广泛可用性的介绍,我们考察了前兆逆向追踪法,即一种近来旨在预报破坏性地震的地震预测算法。我们介绍并分析了几种测量预测性能的方法,但是前兆逆向追踪试验结果可能还不稳定,因为到目前为止所发生的地震数量少。针对3项10年尺度地震活动性预报,即相对强度、图像信息和美国国家地震灾害区划图的试验,我们介绍由Molchan图得到的成功量度的"校验区技能分数"方法。利用这种试验并应用统计假设检验的方法,我们说明了选取适宜的参考模型的重要性,并表明增加模型的复杂性未必在预测效能上获得显著改善。在说明了将校验区技能分数用作效能的量值之后,我们较为详细地讨论其统计学性质以及相关的计算程序。根据这项工作以及以前的试验成果,我们用校验区技能分数探索区域地震活动性的演化并优化了简单预报模型。  相似文献