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南海及沿岸地带是亚太地区经济发展最有活力和潜力的地区之一,受全球变化和人类活动的影响,南海资源环境正发生快速变化,对社会、经济、生态和环境带来新压力。本文从地理空间信息角度,以海岸资源、海洋资源和珊瑚礁资源的地理研究为综述内容,梳理了该区域岸线遥感监测、油气资源储量及渔业资源渔获量的地理差异、珊瑚礁地貌遥感监测与珊瑚白化等相关研究进展,讨论了已有研究的成果及其薄弱方向,依据发展趋势探讨了未来研究工作的重点。综述发现,南海资源环境的地理空间研究中,主要成果表现在资源环境的大面积快速监测与地理分异性方面,但在资源分布的内在机制及资源开发的环境效应影响方面仍缺少足够的研究。未来可望获得突破的研究主要包括：区域时空多尺度特征及其效应,区域间自然和社会发展的分异和规律,多源数据融合的南海资源动态监测的精度与时效的提高,以及资源变化过程的海洋生态与环境综合效应研究等。 相似文献
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Coastal zones play a major role in the conservation of marine ecosystems and the sustainable use of resources not only because of their special geographical environment but also because of their high temporal and spatial variability. With the development of urbanization, the exploitation and utilization of coasts have become important issues in the debate. To evaluate variations in the intensity of the land resource exploitation of coastal zones, an index-based model has been proposed in this paper, and coastal Vietnam has been established as the study area. The model is based on four normalized indexes to realize rapid evaluation of the spatial distribution of the exploitative intensity after zoning. The model was established to characterize the different exploitative intensities in different segments of the coast and to graphically present a sequence of decision choices for decision-makers. The results are as follows.(1) The simplicity and rapidity of the index operations can address the fast-changing characteristics of coastal exploitation and meet the desired precision.(2) The choices of the landward buffers fit well with the banded characteristics of the coastal zone. The buffers are horizontally divided into equidistant subregions, which can quantify the spatial differentiation of the exploitative intensity along the coast and perpendicular to the coast.(3) The average exploitative intensity is low, and the proportion of area that is to be exploited accounts for approximately 50%.Considering its spatial variation from north to south, the land exploitative intensity in the north is higher than that in the south. Compared to the intensity of land resource exploitation in the 20 km and 10 km buffers, the land exploitative intensity in the 5 km buffer is higher. The state of the intensity of land resource exploitation and how it can be used by stakeholders to manage coastal resources are then discussed. 相似文献
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基于VIIRS数据的油气平台提取技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
油气平台作为海上油气资源勘探开发的主要设备之一,其数量与空间分布反映了一个区域油气资源的开发状况。普通光学影像易受天气状况影响,而雷达数据成本较高,这给油气平台的检测带来了一定的困难。由于油气平台作业过程中,需要灯光照明,同时伴气的燃烧也产生很强的灯光,因此可以通过检测灯光来实现油气平台的提取。针对VIIRS数据具有强夜间光探测能力,本文提出了一种卷积运算临界值法对海上油气平台进行提取。首先对2期不同时相的VIIRS数据进行卷积运算,对亮像元进行了增强处理,对背景像元进行弱化处理,从而明确区分疑似目标与背景,然后以0值为分界点,对疑似目标进行提取,最后利用油气平台相对静止的特性,通过邻域分析,实现油气平台的提取。结果表明,本文提出的卷积运算临界值法可以有效地提取油气平台,提取准确率约为85.4%,同时可以有效地减少由于经验阈值对提取结果造成的误差。 相似文献
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