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1.
Seasonal and Diurnal Variation of Surface Ozone and a Preliminary Analysis of Exceedance of its Critical Levels at a Semi-arid Site in India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Gur Sumiran Satsangi A. Lakhani P. R. Kulshrestha A. Taneja 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2004,47(3):271-286
The mixing ratios of surface O3 were measured at St. John's College, Agra, an urban and traffic influenced area for the period of 2000–2002. The monthly
averaged O3 mixing ratios ranged between 8 to 40 ppb with an annual average of 21 ppb. Strong diurnal and seasonal variations in O3 mixing ratios were observed throughout the year except for monsoon season. The mixing ratios of O3 follow the surface temperature cycle and solar radiation (r = 0.72 and r = 0.65 with temperature and solar radiation, respectively). Concentrations were higher with winds associated with NE and
NW direction indicating the impact of pollution sources on surface O3 concentration. Exceedance of ozone critical level was calculated using the AOT 40 index and found to be 840 ppb.h and 2430
ppb.h for summer and winter seasons, respectively. The present O3 exposures are lower than the critical level of O3 and suggest that the present level of O3 does not have any impact on reduction in crop yields. 相似文献
2.
Sunyurp Park 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2016,53(5):634-650
Spatiotemporal characteristics and anthropogenic signals of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) distributions over Korea are investigated in this study using AOT time-series data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). AOT observations, a quantitative measure of the atmospheric quality, had significant geographical variations during the study period (2000–2010). Comparing metro cities or counties with similar populations, western regions showed higher AOT values than eastern regions. Particular matter with a diameter < 10 µm (PM10), including aeolian dust or yellow dust, is the primary component of atmospheric aerosols, and their transport into the region has shown a strong seasonal pattern with its peak from March to April and lows from July to September. These seasonal dust patterns, however, did not correspond well to temporal AOT records, which typically reached the maximum level in June nationwide. Rather, widespread regional fire events and humidity showed significant correlations with AOT time-series. This correlation rapidly increased as the range of fire occurrence was extended to the west as far as 115°E. The relative humidity also had a significant correlation with AOT during the month of June. In addition to urban emission of anthropogenic aerosols, regional biomass burning and secondary growth of hygroscopic aerosols are considered important contributors to the degradation of the atmospheric environment during the non-Asian Dust season over the Korean Peninsula. 相似文献
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This paper presents an improved Dark Dense Vegetation (DDV) method for retrieving 500 m-resolution aerosol optical depth (AOT) based on MOD04-C005 arithmetic with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The improvements include change of the movement pattern of retrieval window, selection of a more suitable aerosol type, and storage of the look-up table. The method is then applied to obtain the AOT over the Pearl River Delta region (PRD). By comparing the results with the co-temporal ground sunphotometer observations in 2010, the correlation coefficient is found to be 0.794 with RMSE 0.139 and their variations remain consistent. Contrasts between model values in 2008 and MODIS AOT products in the same date also reveal a high accuracy of the improved DDV method. We also performed sensitivity tests to analyze the impacts of several parameters on apparent reflectance at different bands, and the results show that apparent reflectance is much more sensitive to surface reflectance and AOT than to elevation. 相似文献
5.
MERSI和MODIS卫星监测京津冀及周边地区PM2.5浓度 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
京津冀及周边地区是中国PM_(2.5)污染最重的区域之一,利用卫星遥感技术监测大范围的PM_(2.5)时空分布变化是一种先进的重要手段。本研究首先基于暗像元算法利用FY-3B/MERSI与AQUA/MODIS对京津冀及周边区域进行了遥感AOT反演和验证分析;然后,引入气象资料和地面观测资料利用GWR模型反演了区域PM_(2.5)浓度,并对遥感反演结果进行了交叉验证评估,综合对比分析了MERSI和MODIS的气溶胶及PM_(2.5)遥感监测能力;最后,利用MERSI数据对2017年第一季度京津冀及周边区域的PM_(2.5)月均浓度时空分布变化情况进行了初步探索分析。结果表明:FY-3B/MERSI在气溶胶及PM_(2.5)遥感监测能力方面略优于AQUA/MODIS,MERSI反演的1 km分辨率AOT和PM_(2.5)与地面站点实测结果的决定系数R2分别为0.76μg/m~3和0.79μg/m~3,均方根误差分别为0.26μg/m~3和28μg/m~3,平均绝对误差分别为0.16μg/m~3和15μg/m~3,能基本满足对京津冀及周边区域PM_(2.5)的精细化监测需要。2017年第一季度京津冀及周边区域PM_(2.5)月均浓度遥感监测结果表明该区域的PM_(2.5)空间分布格局与地形地貌关系密切,高值区整体上沿太行山脉成带成片;从时间变化来看,1—3月呈逐月下降的趋势,其中3月份PM_(2.5)区域浓度较1月和2月有大幅下降。这说明FY-3\MERSI遥感反演产品能为环境质量监测和环境管理工作效果评估提供有效参考,本研究对国产卫星在大气环境遥感业务中的大力发展应用有重要参考意义。 相似文献
6.
利用卫星观测的气溶胶光学厚度资料和模式模拟数据,与地面颗粒物观测资料结合,探讨近地面颗粒物质量浓度的估算方法。具体包括：利用区域气侯模式RAMS（Regional Atmospheric Modeling System）模拟的边界层高度对气溶胶光学厚度进行垂直订正,获得近地面颗粒物消光系数;利用模式模拟的相对湿度和颗粒物吸湿增长经验模型对消光系数进行湿度订正,获得近地面颗粒物干消光系数;并基于干消光系数与颗粒物质量浓度地面站点资料建立的统计关系估算获得每个像元的颗粒物质量浓度。利用地面站点观测的颗粒物浓度资料验证表明,基于卫星资料可以获得近地面颗粒物质量浓度,而且细颗粒物质量浓度具有更好的估算精度。 相似文献
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This paper presents the development of an image-based integrated method for determining and mapping aerosol optical thickness (AOT). Using the radiative transfer (RT) equation, a methodology was developed to create a Geographical Information System (GIS) model that can visually display the AOT distribution over urban areas. In this paper, the model was applied to eleven Landsat Thematic Mapper/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (TM/ETM+) satellite images of Limassol, Cyprus during 2010 and 2011 to determine the AOT levels in Limassol Cyprus during satellite overpass. The study is innovative and unique in that the RT equation, satellite images, the darkest pixel (DP) method of atmospheric correction and GIS were integrated to derive AOT from satellite images and display the AOT distribution over an urban area without the input of any meteorological or atmospheric parameters. The accuracy of the algorithm was verified through statistical analysis by the strong agreement between the AOT values derived using the algorithm and the in situ AOT values from the ground-based sensors. 相似文献
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MODIS气溶胶C004、C005产品的对比分析及其在中国北方地区的适用性评价 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
详细介绍了MODIS气溶胶C005产品算法的改进情况。选择北京、榆林为试验区, 利用AERONET地基观测的气溶胶光学厚度数据, 对比分析了上午星TERRA、下午星AQUA的MODIS气溶胶C004、C005新旧产品的精度, 评价了它们在中国北方地区的适用性。采用波长插值、时空匹配将地基数据和MODIS 气溶胶产品匹配在一起, 然后采用线性拟合的方法进行对比分析。文中就MODIS气溶胶产品和地基数据的时空匹配, 摒弃了NASA关于MODIS气溶胶产品在全球所采用的方法, 引入当地月平均风速, 提出了中国北方地区时空匹配尺度。对比分析以及评价结果表明: (1) C005产品算法的改进并没有提高北京站点气溶胶光学厚度的精度, 在AOT<0.8时反而是下降的; C004、C005产品在北京站点不具有显著适用性, 但C004比C005产品效果好。(2) 榆林站点, TERRA-MODIS C004产品能够达到需求标准, 而AQUA-MODIS C004精度有所下降; 两星的C005产品精度较C004有很大程度的改善, 470、550、660nm 3个波段的气溶胶光学厚度与AERONET地基观测数据的相关系数均高于0.9, 具有显著适用性。这说明了新算法所采用的确定地表反射率的方法在植被覆盖好的地区是可行的, 在高反射地区效果不好。 相似文献
9.
渤海及北黄海气溶胶分布特征和大气校正研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2003-2005年三年夏季渤海及北黄海海上调查资料,使用浑浊度系数α和埃斯特朗指数β描述气溶胶的光学厚度,对该海域上空气溶胶分布特征进行了分析.调查数据显示,浑浊度系数α的范围是0.03～2.76,大部分站点α集中分布在1个比较小的范围内;埃斯特朗指数β的范围是0.12～1.64,其分布较分散.在β=1.3处存在一个β最大值,在β<0.8的范围分布相对均匀.分析还发现,气溶胶的光学厚度与标准化气压有明显的负相关(相关系数为-0.42),特别是二者对应变化曲线的跨零点基本重合.在数据分析的基础上,作者提出了两尺度气溶胶的光学厚度模型以及对应的两尺度气溶胶散射的反射率模型,这样可将传统气溶胶模型中乘幂形式的两个变量结合改为两个变量线性组合,从而将气溶胶散射的反射率并入整体反演公式,使之有可能被用于水色遥感的线性系统算法,从而避免传统大气校正的过程,这为二类水体水色反演提供了一种新思路. 相似文献
10.
针对PM2.5质量浓度空间分布的季节性差异与土地利用分布的定量关系问题,该文以浙江省杭州市为实验区,收集PM2.5质量浓度实测数据和MODIS气溶胶光学厚度(AOT)遥感数据,并对AOT进行标高订正和水汽校正,建立了PM2.5质量浓度和AOT的回归模型,通过模型得出了杭州市各季节的PM2.5质量浓度空间分布图;在此基础上,进一步分析了杭州市PM2.5浓度与土地利用类型(扬尘地表与非扬尘地表)之间的空间分布相关性。结果表明,杭州市2015年PM2.5质量浓度分布的季节性变化特征是冬季春季秋季夏季;建设用地和交通用地等扬尘地表对PM2.5的浓度贡献较大,特别是在冬季和春季两个季节。该研究结果对于认识空气中PM2.5的来源与时空分布特征具有一定的理论和实践意义。 相似文献