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P. J. G. Teunissen 《Journal of Geodesy》2001,75(7-8):399-407
Carrier phase ambiguity resolution is the key to fast and high-precision GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) kinematic
positioning. Critical in the application of ambiguity resolution is the quality of the computed integer ambiguities. Unsuccessful
ambiguity resolution, when passed unnoticed, will too often lead to unacceptable errors in the positioning results. Very high
success rates are therefore required for ambiguity resolution to be reliable. Biases which are unaccounted for will lower
the success rate and thus increase the chance of unsuccessful ambiguity resolution. The performance of integer ambiguity estimation
in the presence of such biases is studied. Particular attention is given to integer rounding, integer bootstrapping and integer
least squares. Lower and upper bounds, as well as an exact and easy-to-compute formula for the bias-affected success rate,
are presented. These results will enable the evaluation of the bias robustness of ambiguity resolution.
Received: 28 September 2000 / Accepted: 29 March 2001 相似文献
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周跳的自动探测与有效处理是动态PPP定位中关键和棘手的问题.本文提出利用L1、L2、L4、L5历元间差分,并联合doppler积分综合探测与定位周跳.对准确判定发生周跳的卫星,不进行周跳的固定和修复,而是将其作为新升起的卫星重新估计模糊度.这一处理策略避免了周跳修复不准对整个定位精度的影响,当保证不少于4颗卫星连续跟踪时,PPP动态定位的精度是稳定的.实验结果表明：在相对比较恶劣的动态环境下,动态PPP定位精度可以达到0.1~0.2 m水平. 相似文献
4.
夏传甲 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(Z1):77-80,84
研究了GPS载波相位快速静态定位中的整周模糊度搜索算法,对实数编码的改进遗传算法和LAMBDA算法进行了对比分析.算例表明:实数编码的遗传算法在搜索效率和可靠性方面和LAMBDA算法相当. 相似文献
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Environmental decision-making under uncertainty using intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (IF-AHP) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Rehan Sadiq Solomon Tesfamariam 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2009,23(1):75-91
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is a utility theory based decision-making technique, which works on a premise that the decision-making
of complex problems can be handled by structuring them into simple and comprehensible hierarchical structures. However, AHP
involves human subjective evaluation, which introduces vagueness that necessitates the use of decision-making under uncertainty. The vagueness is commonly handled through fuzzy sets theory, by assigning degree of membership. But, the environmental decision-making
problem becomes more involved if there is an uncertainty in assigning the membership function (or degree of belief) to fuzzy pairwise comparisons, which is referred to as ambiguity (non-specificity). In this paper, the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy set is applied to AHP, called IF-AHP to handle both vagueness and ambiguity
related uncertainties in the environmental decision-making process. The proposed IF-AHP methodology is demonstrated with an
illustrative example to select best drilling fluid (mud) for drilling operations under multiple environmental criteria. 相似文献
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The success rate and precision of GPS ambiguities 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
P. J. G. Teunissen 《Journal of Geodesy》2000,74(3-4):321-326
An application of a theorem on the optimality of integer least-squares (LS) is described. This theorem states that the integer
LS estimator maximizes the ambiguity success rate within the class of admissible integer estimators. This theorem is used
to show how the probability of correct integer estimation depends on changes in the second moment of the ambiguity `float'
solution. The distribution of the `float' solution is considered to be a member of the broad family of elliptically contoured
distributions. Eigenvalue-based bounds for the ambiguity success rate are obtained.
Received: 11 January 1999 / Accepted: 2 November 1999 相似文献
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短基线GPS控制网双差整周模糊的直接解算方法(DC,D irect Calcu lation算法)可以避开"周跳的探测与修复"和"整周模糊度的搜索固定",是一种新的整周模糊度解算方法。在基线坐标满足一定条件的情况下,可以保证解算的L1,-1和L-3,4双差整周模糊度的浮点解与整数解之间的偏差小于0.5周,由浮点解直接四舍五入,进而可以直接解算L1双差整周模糊度。本文用自编软件解算了实测数据,验证了本文方法的实用性,并可获得与商用软件TGO精度相当的基线。 相似文献
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A new method for three-carrier GNSS ambiguity resolution 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
U. Fernández-Plazaola T. M. Martín-Guerrero J. T. Entrambasaguas 《Journal of Geodesy》2008,82(4-5):269-278
A new method for resolving the carrier-phase integer ambiguity in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is presented:
the MOdified Cholesky factorization for Ambiguity (MOCA) resolution. The characteristics and features of this method are described
and results obtained using a software simulator and an emulator are presented to validate its efficiency. The results are
then compared to those obtained using another existing method and good performance of the MOCA method in new GNSS systems
is shown. Furthermore, the proposed method yields accurate results even when short time spans are used or when there are poor
estimations of measurement error, making it immune to non-ideal conditions and ultimately a practical solution for real applications. 相似文献
9.
The network-based approach to kinematic GPS positioning significantly increases the distance, over which carrier-phase ambiguity
resolution can be performed. This can be achieved either by introducing geometric conditions based on the fixed reference
locations, and/or through the use of reference network data to estimate the corrections to GPS observations that can be broadcast
to the users. The Multi Purpose GPS Processing Software (MPGPS) developed at The Ohio State University uses the multiple reference
station approach for wide area and regional differential kinematic GPS positioning. The primary processing algorithm uses
the weighted free-net (WFN) approach with the distance-dependent weighting scheme to derive optimal estimates of the user
coordinates and realistic accuracy measures. The WFN approach, combined with the single epoch (instantaneous) ambiguity resolution
algorithm is presented here as one approach to real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS. Since for baselines exceeding ~100 km, the instantaneous
ambiguity resolution may not always be possible due to the increasing observation noise and insufficient number of observations
to verify the integer selection, an alternative approach, based on a single- (or multiple-) baseline solution, supported by
a double-difference (DD) ionospheric delay propagated from the previous epoch is also presented. In this approach, some data
accumulation, supported by the network-derived atmospheric corrections, is required at the beginning of the rover data processing
to obtain the integer ambiguities; after this initialization period, the processing switches to the instantaneous RTK positioning
mode. This paper presents a discussion on the effects of the network geometry, station separation and the data reduction technique
on the final quality and reliability of the rover positioning solution. A 24-h data set of August 31, 2003, collected by the
Ohio Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) network was processed by both techniques under different network geometry
and reference station separation. Various solutions, such as (1) single-baseline solution for varying base-rover separation,
(2) multi-baseline solution with medium-range base separation (over 100 km), and (3) multi-baseline solution with long-range
base separation (up to 377 km), were obtained and compared for accuracy and consistency. The horizontal positioning accuracy
achieved in these tests, expressed as the difference between the estimated coordinates and the known rover coordinates, is
at the sub-decimeter level for the first approach, and at the centimeter-level for the second method, for baselines over 100 km.
In the vertical coordinate, decimeter- and sub-decimeter levels were achieved for the two approaches, respectively. Even though
all the results presented here were obtained in post-processing, both algorithms are suitable for real-time applications. 相似文献
10.
We invert 2D surface gravity data constrained both by geological and seismic information. We use a number of pre-processing tools in order to reduce the general multi-body inversion into several single-body inversions, whereby we can reduce the overall complexity of the inversion task. This is done with as few assumptions as possible. Furthermore, for a single-body inversion we uncouple the determination of the shape of the causative sources from the determination of their mass density contrast to the surroundings. The inversion for the geometrical shape of the source body is done in steps. Firstly, a rough 3D shape of the source is modelled—a model consisting of the vertical mass columns of equal height. The horizontal extension is implied by the surface gravity signal. Subsequently, the shape of each source body is modified to obtain a better fit to the surface gravity data. In each modification step, the overall change of the shape of the source body is followed by an update of the mass density contrast to the surroundings. The technique was applied to a set of gravity data from the Eastern Goldfield area in Western Australia. The area has been widely studied in the past. In 1999, two seismic profiles that cross-sect the area were measured. Furthermore, an extensive geological modelling for the area has been conducted. The practical goal of this work was to verify the geological interpretation using the potential field data (mainly the gravity data although magnetic data were also available) and only weakly constrained by the seismic information. The result was the reconstruction of the ‘rough’ 3D geometry of the source bodies and the estimation of a constant mass density contrast to the surroundings. A possible extension of this technique for detailed studies of the geological model is briefly discussed. 相似文献