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排序方式: 共有645条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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2.
R. K. Prasad N. C. Mondal Pallavi Banerjee M. V. Nandakumar V. S. Singh 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(3):467-475
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System has become one of the leading tools in the field of hydrogeological science,
which helps in assessing, monitoring and conserving groundwater resources. It allows manipulation and analysis of individual
layer of spatial data. It is used for analysing and modelling the interrelationship between the layers. This paper mainly
deals with the integrated approach of Remote Sensing and geographical information system (GIS) to delineate groundwater potential
zones in hard rock terrain. The remotely sensed data at the scale of 1:50,000 and topographical information from available
maps, have been used for the preparation of ground water prospective map by integrating geology, geomorphology, slope, drainage-density
and lineaments map of the study area. Further, the data on yield of aquifer, as observed from existing bore wells in the area,
has been used to validate the groundwater potential map. The final result depicts the favourable prospective zones in the
study area and can be helpful in better planning and management of groundwater resources especially in hard rock terrains. 相似文献
3.
M. Mejías J. Garcia-Orellana J. L. Plata M. Marina E. Garcia-Solsona B. Ballesteros P. Masqué J. López C. Fernández-Arrojo 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(3):521-536
A methodology for the characterization of deep carbonate aquifers has been developed and applied to El Maestrazgo Jurassic
aquifer in Castellón, Spain. Characterization of these aquifer formations, located at more than 300 m deep, consisted of a
previous phase of compilation, analysis and synthesis of the existing information about the area, followed by a coordinated
combination of different speciality studies: geology, stratigraphy, structural analysis, hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, geophysics
and remote sensing. Geological studies included geological mapping, definition of stratigraphical units and facies and structural
analysis. The aim of the hydrogeology study was to define aquifer formations, recharge area, aquifer points inventory and
groundwater flow directions for the establishment of piezometric and water quality observation nets. Special techniques were
applied, like thermal infrared aerial images and the evaluation of submarine groundwater discharge by means of natural radium
isotopes. Hydrochemical techniques, including majority elements characterization and stable isotopes (18O, 2H and 3H) determination, allowed classifying hydrochemical facies and establishing a renewal pattern for water within the system.
Geophysics was useful in determining the aquifer geometry, the features of the basement and the petrophysical characteristics
of the geological formations. Preliminary results show an important tectonic complexity and the possibilities for groundwater
uses in the area of study. 相似文献
4.
Inhomogeneous substrate analysis using EM300 backscatter imagery 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Backscatter reflectivity from multibeam echo-sounders provides a powerful tool to efficiently characterize seafloor substrates. A comprehensive EM300 bathymetric and backscatter survey has been completed of Cook Strait, in central New Zealand. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the realtime corrections applied to the raw EM300 multibeam data and additional corrections required to compute angular variations of the backscatter strength. The corrections, including the local absorption coefficient, the influence of seafloor topography and sound refraction in the water column, are determined for different Cook Strait seafloor substrates. Modifying MB-System software code, we extracted the backscatter signal parameters in order to quantify the raw backscatter strength and apply additional processing. Profiles of backscatter strength versus incidence angle were computed for a variety of sites characterized by flat seafloor and homogeneous substrates, and for which ground-truth data were available. For each homogeneous site, different but characteristic backscatter profiles are observed that can be interpreted in terms of sediment facies. To analyze heterogeneous substrates, we present a statistical technique, based on a 3-dimensional distribution of (incidence angle, backscatter strength) couples that preserves geological information of the substrate components. This analysis, using backscatter data acquired on a submarine volcano, north of New Zealand, clearly differentiates soft sediments and lava flows within a heterogeneous substrate. 相似文献
5.
采用RT-PCR技术和RACE技术成功克隆淡水鱼类斑鳢sGST基因cDNA全序列,推测得到氨基酸序列,初步分析其结构功能域及系统进化关系。结果表明,斑鳢sGST基因cDNA序列全长为898bp,编码225个氨基酸。斑鳢sGST与真鲷、金头鲷、鲽、黑头鲦、川鲽、大口黑鲈等最新定名为ρ型的sGST氨基酸同源性较高,ρ型sGST为水生生物所特有并共同占据进化树上独立的分枝;与大鼠、小鼠、人等哺乳动物sGST现有所有类型同源性均很低,并且在进化树上距离也较远,表明本研究成功克隆的sGST基因应属于ρ型,可能在鱼类等水生生物对水栖环境的适应上有重要作用。 相似文献
6.
Taoze LIU Yuangen YANG Bangyu LIU Xiangyang BI Feili LI 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):41-42
It has been found that stream waters were severely contaminated with wastes from a long-time smelting factory in Hezhang, Guizhou, China. The main sources of contamination are the smelting wastes stored in the open air and abandoned in the vicinity of stream. A method of lead isotope was adopted in order to identify relations between tailings and water contamination. Representative samples of tailings and stream sediments were collected. Mineralogical characterizations were conducted using XRD and TEM/SEM, while acid digestion was carried out for determining metal contents. BCR sequential leaching tests were performed in order to assess metal mobility. The tremendous ‘actual' and ‘potential' mobility of heavy metals indicates that the smelting waste and stream sediments present a considerable threat to the environment. Besides the chemical remobilization of heavy metals from the sediments and the reworking of riverbed sediments act as a secondary source of pollution. Also groundwater and stream water were sampled in specific locations and were measured. 相似文献
7.
Fabien Nex Gerhard Schäfer Jean-Marie Côme Timothy M. Vogel 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2006,338(5):297-306
The goal of this study was to develop an innovative chloroethene biodegradation module based on biological, thermodynamical and mechanistic concepts. The biodegradation scheme was based on the postulate that in each part of an aquifer only one degradation mechanism is dominant: the one involving the most energetic electron acceptor. Thus, the selection of the active degradation mechanism was a function of the concentration of different electron acceptors. Modified Monod-type kinetics was used in order to take into account the possible influence of some compounds on the biodegradation of a given organic compound. The numerical model developed was applied to a simple test case, whose results are presented here. To cite this article: F. Nex et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006). 相似文献
8.
Stochastic Structural Modeling 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lars Holden Petter Mostad Bjørn Fredrik Nielsen Jon Gjerde Chris Townsend Signe Ottesen 《Mathematical Geology》2003,35(8):899-914
A consistent stochastic model for faults and horizons is described. The faults are represented as a parametric invertible deformation operator. The faults may truncate each other. The horizons are modeled as correlated Gaussian fields and are represented in a grid. Petrophysical variables may be modeled in a reservoir before faulting in order to describe the juxtaposition effect of the faulting. It is possible to condition the realization on petrophysics, horizons, and fault plane observations in wells in addition to seismic data. The transmissibility in the fault plane may also be included in the model. Four different methods to integrate the fault and horizon models in a common model is described. The method is illustrated on an example from a real petroleum field with 18 interpreted faults that are handled stochastically. 相似文献
9.
柱撑蒙脱石制备与表征 总被引:47,自引:2,他引:47
本文采用多种方法制备keggin离子,并探索出制备稳定keggin离子的适宜酸碱度,用此柱化剂制备出层间距为2.4~2.5nm的柱撑蒙脱石。应用X射线走向衍射技术、红外光谱、差热分析对往撑蒙脱石进行表征,用BET、吡啶吸附考察了其表面物理化学性质。结果表明,用Keggin离子制备出的柱撑蒙脱石其层间距在自然状态下为2.4~2.5nm,350C灼烧,层间距稳℃定在1.8nm,且具有耐热性能好、较大的比表面积和较强的Lewis酸位中心等特点. 相似文献
10.
塔中地区主要受塔中Ⅰ号、Ⅱ号及Ⅲ号三条大断层控制 ,形成巨型复式背斜 ,隆起高部位地层遭受了强烈的风化剥蚀。背斜之上 ,断裂和局部构造发育。可划分出两个主要成藏期 :第Ⅰ成藏期为寒武系—下奥陶统烃源岩成熟生烃运移期 ,生排烃高峰为志留纪 ;第Ⅱ成藏期为中—上奥陶统烃源岩在燕山期—喜马拉雅期成熟生烃运聚。第Ⅰ成藏期形成的油藏有两个特征 :在塔中Ⅰ号断裂带、北部斜坡带油气注入奥陶系及志留系圈闭中 ,形成原生油气藏 ;构造高部位 (如中央断垒带 )的油气藏在后期构造运动中遭受破坏。第Ⅱ成藏期形成的油藏可分为两类 :对早期油藏的再次充注 ;聚集形成新油藏。塔中地区的油气运移通道主要有断裂和不整合面 ,油气的分布也主要受断裂和不整合面所控制。塔中Ⅰ号构造带和北部斜坡带是较为有利的勘探区带 相似文献