景观生态分类与制图浅议   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

程维明 《地球信息科学学报》2002,4(2):61-65

本文在查阅分析大量文献和前人研究的基础上 ,对目前景观生态分类和景观制图作了详细的对比分析 ,认为景观分类需要结合实际区域现状 ,采用逐级分类的方法 ;同时利用 ETM遥感影像为数据源 ,以天山北麓为示范区.研制其土地利用土地覆盖变化的景观类型图。  相似文献   

AN ILLUSTRATIVE STUDY ON LOCAL LANDSCAPEAND ITS LONG-TERM CHANGES BASED ON IKONOS AND HISTORICAL AERIAL PHOTO   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

RUANRen-zong ErieCELLISt 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2004,14(2):162-169

Nowadays, the research works on landscape at fine scales using high-resolution images are uncommon.This research is based on the analysis of the combination of remote sensing data (1KONOS imagery acquired in 2002 and historical aerial photo taken in 1942). In the paper, the ecotopes in Qiujiadou and Xishao villages in Yixing City of Jiangsu Province in 1942 and 2002 were compared and landscape changes as well as the causes of the considerable changes were analyzed. It was found that the ecotope changes were at greater level in some aspects such as water surface and perennial vegetation coverage etc. This study at fine scale is globally significant for the rural areas, especially for the subsistence agricultural land, which occupies larger percentage in the earth. And it analyzes the structure of landscape based on a new landscape classification system--stratifications method.  相似文献   

中国1∶100万景观生态制图设计   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

程维明  柴慧霞龙恩  刘海江张旸 《地球信息科学学报》2004,6(4):19-24

中国1∶100万景观生态图系借鉴国内外传统景观制图方法和制图规范,在遥感、地理信息系统先进技术的支持下,设计研制其制图方法、制图内容、样图和技术流程,同时提出初步的景观分类系统,为今后编制中国1∶100万景观生态图奠定基础。  相似文献   

GRADATION AND ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGE DEGREE OF NATURAL LANDSCAPE IN XING, AN COUNTY, GUANGXI     

李家永  李昌华 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1992,(4)

A new technique designed to help quantify the degree of damage to the landscape from one area to another shows a close relationship between population density and the degree of landscape damage. The technique establishes a scale of damage from 0 to 5 (zero = no damage; 5 = severe damage) using data from aerial photographs, land-use maps, and field data. The related formula allows one to compare the relative degree of damage across regions using a combination of an absolute index, a theoretical index, a relative index, and population density. Xing'an County is used to demonstrate the technique.  相似文献   

A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of experimental model catchment evolution     

G. R. Hancock  G. R. Willgoose 《水文研究》2003,17(12):2347-2363

Due to the geological time scales required for observation of catchment evolution, surrogates or analogues of field data are necessary to understand long‐term processes. To investigate long‐term catchment behaviour, two experimental model catchments that developed without rigid boundaries under controlled conditions are examined and a qualitative and quantitative analysis of their evolution is presented. Qualitatively, the experimental catchments have the visual appearance of field scale data. Observation demonstrates that changes in catchment shape and network form are conservative. Quantitative analysis suggests that the catchments reach an equilibrium form while a reduction in the channel network occurs. While the catchments are laboratory scale models, the results provide insights into field scale behaviour. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

广西沙田柚农业地质   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯群耀 《南方国土资源》2001,14(1):47-50

沙田柚生长好坏、产量品质高低 ,与所在地质环境有密切关系 ,种植在碎屑岩和花岗岩环境区及河流阶地、江心洲、山麓地貌环境区的沙田柚 ,长势好、产量品质高。种植在碳酸盐岩环境区及山坡型、岩溶洼地地貌区的沙田柚 ,长势差、产量品质低。影响沙田柚长势、产量品质的关键元素是Na,Na是沙田柚的特需元素。  相似文献   

Late Quaternary landscapes in Central Australia: sedimentary history and palaeoecology of Puritjarra rock shelter     

M. A. Smith 《第四纪科学杂志》2009,24(7):747-760

Puritjarra rock shelter provides a long record of late Quaternary vegetation in the Australian arid zone. Analysis of the sedimentary history of this rock shelter is combined with reanalysis of charcoal and phytolith records to provide a first‐order picture of changing landscapes in western Central Australia. These show a landscape responding to increasing aridity from 45 ka with deflation of clay‐rich red palaeosols (<45 ka) and sharp declines in grassland and other vegetation at 40–36 ka, and at the beginning of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) (24 ka). Vegetation in the catchment of the rock shelter recovered after 15 ka with expansion of both acacia woodland and spinifex grasslands, registering stronger summer rainfall in the interior of the continent. By 8.3 ka re‐vegetation of local palaeosols and dunes had choked off sediment supply to the rock shelter and the character of the sediments changed abruptly. Poaceae values peaked at 5.8 ka, suggesting the early–mid Holocene climatic optimum in Central Australia is bracketed between 8.3 and 5.8 ka. Local vegetation was disrupted in the late Holocene with a sharp decline in Poaceae at 3.8 ka, coinciding with an abrupt intensification of ENSO. Local grasslands recovered over the next two millennia and by 1.5 ka the modern vegetation appears to have become established. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

地球化学景观吸引子的发现及其意义     

李长江  麻土华  徐有浪 《浙江国土资源》1995,(1)

勘查地球化学对异常评价的最大不确定性源于对地球化学景观特性的认识不够。我们应用构造相空间的方法分析了浙江儒岙幅（1:5万）水系沉积物测量的Ag含量数据，揭示了地球化学景观是具有低维吸引子（DZ≈2．9）的混饨系统。这一发现将对勘查地球化学中采样密度的选择、地球化学场模拟、异常评价等根本性问题产生重大影响。  相似文献   

内蒙古正蓝旗羊蹄子山-磨石山钛矿区硅质岩地球化学特征及沉积环境意义     

丰成友  赵一鸣  李大新 《矿床地质》2008,27(4):483-493

文章通过详细的野外地质调查和系统的岩石化学、稀土元素、微量元素及硅、氧同位素等研究,探讨了羊蹄子山-磨石山钛矿区无矿白色硅质岩和富钛硅质岩的成因及形成地质构造环境。研究结果表明,呈厚层状产出的无矿白色硅质岩具较高的SiO2、Al2O3含量及Al/(Al Fe Mn)、Al2O3/(Al2O3 Fe2O3)比值,稀土元素总量很低,其北美页岩标准化配分模式为向右倾的曲线,无明显铈异常和铕异常,表明其形成于受陆源影响的大陆边缘构造环境;赋矿岩系中薄层状富钛硅质岩的TiO2、Fe2O3、Cu、V含量较高,但Al/(Al Fe Mn)、Al2O3/(Al2O3 Fe2O3)比值较低,稀土元素总量较高,北美页岩标准化曲线为明显左倾型-平坦型,具弱的负铈异常,表明其形成于洋脊及附近环境。两种硅质岩的δ30Si值为变化较小的负值,与热水沉积和某些生物成因硅质岩的硅同位素组成相似,两者的δ18O值范围和平均值均相似。两类硅质岩的成因及形成构造环境不同,富钛硅质岩的地球化学特征表明,该矿床的形成与本区元古宙海底火山热液喷流作用有关。  相似文献   

北疆阿尔泰南缘泥盆系浅变质碎屑沉积岩地球化学特征及其形成环境   总被引：12，自引：4，他引：8  

龙晓平  袁超  孙敏  肖文交  林寿发  王毓婧  蔡克大 《岩石学报》2008,24(4)

对于北疆阿尔泰地区泥盆纪所处的大地构造环境,目前仍旧存在不同观点。前人基于阿尔泰南缘泥盆纪火山岩地球化学研究,分别提出了活动大陆边缘和被动大陆边缘裂谷等不同构造观点。阿尔泰造山带南缘的泥盆纪浅变质碎屑沉积岩地球化学研究表明,该套浅变质碎屑沉积岩原岩主要为泥质或砂质沉积岩。尽管不同岩性样品主量元素含量不同,但其化学蚀变指数(CIA)小于75,成分变异指数(ICV)接近或小于1.0,斜长石蚀变指数(PIA)平均70,说明其源区物质比较新鲜,成熟度相对较低,化学风化作用较弱。同样,不同岩性样品微量元素含量差别较大,但表生过程中不活泼的微量元素比值却比较一致,轻稀土(LREE)中度富集(La_N/Yb_N=2.88～9.90),重稀土(HREE)比较平坦,并伴有明显的Eu负异常(Eu/Eu~*= 0.45～0.89)。绝大多数样品具有高的La/Sc(1～3)、La/Y(0.5～1)和Ti/Zr(10～35),以及较低的Sc/Cr(0.1～0.3)比值,类似于大陆岛弧相关环境碎屑沉积物。在La-Th-Sc和Th-Sc-Zr/10构造环境判别图解中,除一千枚岩样品外,其他所有样品均落入大陆岛弧区。以上地球化学特征明显不同于大洋岛弧和被动陆缘沉积物,说明该套浅变质碎屑沉积岩可能沉积于活动大陆边缘的大陆岛弧相关环境,为认识阿尔泰造山带泥盆纪岛弧增生构造演化过程提供了一个重要证据。  相似文献