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本文研究了在pH 6.5-7.8的(CH_2)_6N_4-HCl缓冲介质中,CDMAA和TritonX-100对Ga与o-Cl-PF和F~-显色反应的增敏作用。结果表明,Ga-o-Cl-PF-F-CDMAA-TritonX-100多元配合物λ_(max)为565nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.74×10~5L·mol~(-1)·Cm~(-1),Ga含量在0～6.0μg/25ml范围内符合比尔定律,用合成样和标样进行本方法考验,结果满意。 相似文献
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An experimental investigation is presented on the batch foam fractionation of the heavy metal cations Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Sb3+ and As5+ from diluted aqueous solutions with hexamethylenedithiocarbamate (HMDC) as complexing agent and sodiumdodecylsulfate (SDS) as surfactant. Among the considered pH-values of 2,4 and 7 the pH 2 experiments allow a direct application of foam fractionation on acidic extracts from heavy metal contaminated soil. The experiments at pH 2 and pH 4 show better results than those at neutral pH. Although a simple device was used, a maximum enrichment factor of 13.8 and a minimum removal factor of 0.01 have been measured. The flotation with weak organic acids like citric acid (CA) and acetic acid (AA) show about 50–70% smaller enrichment factors than those acidified with hydrochloric acid. The dissolution and mixing of the reacting components as well as the concentration of the detergent and the gaseous volume flow can be regarded as basic parameters of foam fractionation. 相似文献
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Simple, rapid, and sensitive spectrophotometric methods have been proposed for the determination of cationic surfactants (CS) as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), dodecyltrimethylammonium (DTAB), and cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB). The methods are based on the effects of CSs on the complexes of Al3+ and Be2+ with Chrome Azurol S (CAS). The optimum reaction conditions such as CAS concentration, metal ion concentration, and pH have been studied and found to be 2.0 × 10?4 mol L?1 CAS, 0.5 mg L?1 Al3+ or 0.4 mg L?1 Be2+ and pH 5.4. The analytical characteristics of the methods such as limit of detections, limit of quantifications, and linear ranges have been obtained. CTAB, CPB, and DTAB could be determined by the Al–CAS complex in the ranges of 0.50–40.00, 0.20–10.00, and 0.40–10.00 µmol L?1, and for the Be–CAS complex in the ranges of 0.08–5.00, 0.08–3.00, and 0.20–6.00 µmol L?1, respectively. The limit of the detections of the method for the determination of CTAB, CPB, and DTAB for the Be–CAS complex has been found as 0.025, 0.024, and 0.061 µmol L?1, respectively. The interfering effect of some anions and cations was also tested. The method was applied to the determination of CS CTAB in conditioner shampoo and water samples. 相似文献
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羧甲基壳聚糖与表面活性剂的相互作用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
作者从配伍稳定性、表面张力、粘度等方面研究羧甲基壳聚糖 (CMCHS)与四种典型类型表面活性剂的相互作用情况。研究显示 ,羧甲基壳聚糖与阴离子表面活性剂 SDS、非离子表面活性剂 Triton X- 10 0、两性表面活性剂 C12 BE配伍稳定性较好 ,而与阳离子表面活性剂 CTAB及C16Py Br复配时则在一定的浓度区会产生沉淀。羧甲基壳聚糖可使 SDS表面活性升高 ,而 SDS则使羧甲基壳聚糖比浓粘度下降 ;CTAB可与羧甲基壳聚糖形成复合物 ,从而使表面张力曲线产生两个转折点 ,即使在沉淀区仍有较好的表面活性 ,而溶液的比浓粘度则大幅度下降 ;Triton X- 10 0和 C12 BE与羧甲基壳聚糖的相互作用不很明显 相似文献
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化学分析电子谱法分析经表面活性剂处理的李咀矿矸石粉 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用化学分析电子谱法（ＥＳＣＡ）分析了经司班－８０和吐温－８５处理的淮南李咀矿矸石粉。结果表明，处理剂与矸石粉表面之间存在着物理和化学的共同作用，处理剂分子在矸石粉表面有一定的取向作用。 相似文献
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The sorption of arsenate on modified-natural zeolites was investigated at varying chemical pretreatment. Zeolites were used
extensively for water softening, however, a few arsenic studies have been conducted with zeolites. Arsenic pollution of the
environment has received renewed attention due to toxicological evidence of its potential health hazards to humans. The ability
of modified natural zeolites (stilbite and laumontite) to remove inorganic anion was investigated. The zeolites used in this
work are stilbite-laumontite from Zeolitic Zone of the Corda Formation. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the relationships
of the arsenate in the modified natural zeolites. Laboratory experiments were conducted examining the effect of the sorption
of cationic surfactants and coagulant on stilbite-laumontite mixtures and on the subsequent sorption of arsenate by modified
zeolites. Removal of arsenate using hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA)-modified zeolites was satisfactory whereas ethylhexadecyldimethylammonium
(EHDDMA) and ALUM-modified zeolites were not removed with the same efficiency. 相似文献
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Surface micro-layer (ML) samples were collected in different seasons over a long time period in the coastal area of the Middle Adriatic Sea including the seawater Rogoznica lake location and the semi-enclosed estuarine Martinska station. Natural surface micro-layers were studied as original samples and as ex-situ reconstructed films after previous extraction by organic solvents of different polarities (n-hexane and dichloromethane). Using alternating current (AC) voltammetry (out-of-phase mode) the concentration of surface active substances (SAS) in original ML of both locations was determined, and the enrichment factor (EF) in the ML was related to the underlayer water (ULW) samples collected at 0.5 m depth. Seasonal variability of SAS concentrations of the ML was observed at both locations. The ex-situ films were studied using a modified AC voltammetry method (out-of-phase mode) transferring an organic extract of natural micro-layers spread onto electrolyte from the air-water interface to the mercury electrode surface. The comparison of adsorption characteristics for model lipids of different polarities and those of transferred ex-situ reconstructed films has revealed that different types of lipid material were present in each ex-situ film of the same micro-layer. Additional characterization of the surface active material of natural MLs was carried out by AC voltammetry (in-phase mode) using cathodic reduction of cadmium ions as an indicator of permeability of different films adsorbed at the mercury electrode. The SAS of ML of both investigated locations induced an inhibition effect to the reduction of cadmium ions. Seasonal variations of inhibition have also been noticed. The electrochemical study contributed to the physicochemical characterization of the surface active matter of the surface micro-layer with the emphasis to the role of lipids which, although they represent a minor fraction of the total micro-layer organic material, contribute considerably to the micro-layer formation and stabilization at the air–water interface. 相似文献