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回顾了沉积混杂碉的研究历史，指出了沉积混杂岩的分布位置和形成机制，重新给出了沉积混杂岩的定义，依据沉积混杂作用的不同方式划分为四种类型，重力垮塌和重力汉混杂作用，冰筏混杂作用，古喀斯特混杂作用和损落混杂作用，最后探讨了海底混杂岩块的来源和搬运方式。 相似文献
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新疆东准噶尔塔克扎勒—麦钦乌拉古缝合线的确定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过构造分析及岩石学、地球化学研究,证实塔克扎勒—麦钦乌拉存在一条蛇绿混杂岩带,表现为在构造变形的砂泥质基质中分布若干个洋脊型和洋岛型的蛇绿岩碎块。该带两侧地壳厚度明显不同,大陆边缘增生方向相反,该带还是一条早古生代的生物群落界线,早石炭世两侧岛弧有较大的纬度差异(20°以上)。因此,塔克扎勒—麦钦乌拉蛇绿混杂岩带是古准噶尔大洋闭合的残骸,代表了西伯利亚板块和塔里木板块碰撞的缝合线构造带。 相似文献
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青岛榴辉岩相蛇绿混杂岩的岩石学证据及退变质P-T轨迹 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
青岛榴辉岩相蛇绿混杂岩发育在胶南隆起北缘地缝合线附近,构造侵位于胶南群云母斜长片麻岩中。它主要由斜方辉橄岩、玄武质和玄武安山质火山岩及少量杂砂岩和硅质岩组成。它与一般仰冲蛇绿岩的主要区别是:玄武质和玄武安山质岩石普遍遭受了榴辉岩相变质作用并发生强烈的糜棱岩化和退变质作用。强烈的退变质作用使大部分榴辉岩变为含石榴石石英斜长角闪岩,但仍保留有少量榴辉岩透镜体。它们可能是俯冲陆壳前缘岛弧地壳或岛弧型蛇绿岩残片的推覆体。它的退变质P-T轨迹表明,在其上升过程中热传导速率较高,这可能与该岩石强烈糜棱岩化和含水有关。 相似文献
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三台坡岩组为哀牢山断裂南段新发现的一套构造混杂岩。在剖面大理岩化灰岩中采获牙形石，经鉴定时代为早石炭世。该套岩石为位于扬子准地台与唐古拉．昌都．兰坪．思茅褶皱系两个一级大地构造单元间的哀牢山断裂带上的构造混杂岩，至少经历4期变形变质。据原岩恢复和变质残余组构，具蛇绿岩套组合特征，断裂带应为板块俯冲带(缝合线)。三台坡组的发现，为研究哀牢山造山带南段地质发展演化提供了依据，填补哀牢山断裂带南段构造演化研究空白。 相似文献
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Alastair Robertson Ülvi Can Unlügen Nurdan
nan Kemal Ta
li 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2004,22(5):413
The Mid-Tertiary (Mid-Eocene to earliest Miocene) Misis–Andırın Complex documents tectonic-sedimentary processes affecting the northerly, active margin of the South Tethys (Neotethys) in the easternmost Mediterranean region. Each of three orogenic segments, Misis (in the SW), Andırın (central) and Engizek (in the NE) represent parts of an originally continuous active continental margin. A structurally lower Volcanic-Sedimentary Unit includes Late Cretaceous arc-related extrusives and their Lower Tertiary pelagic cover. This unit is interpreted as an Early Tertiary remnant of the Mesozoic South Tethys. The overlying melange unit is dominated by tectonically brecciated blocks (>100 m across) of Mesozoic neritic limestone that were derived from the Tauride carbonate platform to the north, together with accreted ophiolitic material. The melange matrix comprises polymict debris flows, high- to low-density turbidites and minor hemipelagic sediments.The Misis–Andırın Complex is interpreted as an accretionary prism related to the latest stages of northward subduction of the South Tethys and diachronous continental collision of the Tauride (Eurasian) and Arabian (African) plates during Mid-Eocene to earliest Miocene time. Slivers of Upper Cretaceous oceanic crust and its Early Tertiary pelagic cover were accreted, while blocks of Mesozoic platform carbonates slid from the overriding plate. Tectonic mixing and sedimentary recycling took place within a trench. Subduction culminated in large-scale collapse of the overriding (northern) margin and foundering of vast blocks of neritic carbonate into the trench. A possible cause was rapid roll back of dense downgoing Mesozoic oceanic crust, such that the accretionary wedge taper was extended leading to gravity collapse. Melange formation was terminated by underthrusting of the Arabian plate from the south during earliest Miocene time.Collision was diachronous. In the east (Engizek Range and SE Anatolia) collision generated a Lower Miocene flexural basin infilled with turbidites and a flexural bulge to the south. Miocene turbiditic sediments also covered the former accretionary prism. Further west (Misis Range) the easternmost Mediterranean remained in a pre-collisional setting with northward underthrusting (incipient subduction) along the Cyprus arc. The Lower Miocene basins to the north (Misis and Adana) indicate an extensional (to transtensional) setting. The NE–SW linking segment (Andırın) probably originated as a Mesozoic palaeogeographic offset of the Tauride margin. This was reactivated by strike-slip (and transtension) during Later Tertiary diachronous collision. Related to on-going plate convergence the former accretionary wedge (upper plate) was thrust over the Lower Miocene turbiditic basins in Mid–Late Miocene time. The Plio-Quaternary was dominated by left-lateral strike-slip along the East Anatolian transform fault and also along fault strands cutting the Misis–Andırın Complex. 相似文献
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班公湖-怒江缝合带洞错混杂岩物质组成、时代及其意义 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
班公湖-怒江缝合带中段洞错混杂岩保存了完整的与大洋演化相关的混杂岩系,包括蛇绿岩岩块、洋岛残片,以及复理石岩片、大陆边缘沉积等沉积岩块体,是恢复和反演班公湖-怒江洋演化的理想地区。在综述前人研究的基础上,结合近年来的研究成果,归纳和总结洞错混杂岩的物质组成和时代,初步阐述洞错混杂岩对班公湖-怒江洋演化的指示意义。结果表明,洞错混杂岩中无论是蛇绿岩残块、洋岛残片还是次深海-深海复理石岩片等,均是不同时代多期次构造混杂的混杂体。最早的年龄记录可追溯至晚二叠世末期,最晚可延至早白垩世中晚期,是班公湖-怒江洋晚二叠世末期—早白垩世中晚期连续演化的记录。洞错混杂岩早白垩世中晚期大陆边缘沉积与蛇绿岩等的不整合仅是弧前楔顶盆地沉积的产物,不能约束班公湖-怒江洋的最终消亡。 相似文献
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阿拉善北部查干础鲁—霍尔森蛇绿混杂岩带地质地球化学特征 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
查干础鲁—霍尔森蛇绿混杂岩带(CHOM)位于内蒙古阿拉善北部,它代表了一个消失了的边缘海。CHOM整体上北东东向延伸,由一系列向北逆冲推覆的叠瓦状构造岩片组成。可根据变形和产出特征划分出不同类型的构造岩块和基质。超镁铁质岩MgO/(MgO+FeO)平均比值为0.83,可区分成变质橄榄岩和堆积岩。辉长岩属LREE亏损型,地球化学特征相当于堆积辉长岩。玄武岩主元素特征类似于正常的大洋中脊玄武岩(N—MORB),但微量和稀土元素地球化学特征表明更接近于异常的大洋中脊玄武岩(E-MORB)。沉积于弧后盆地的碎屑岩其物质来源主要是火山弧。本文指出,查干础鲁—霍尔森边缘海是在华北古陆北缘西段破裂的背景上形成的,这个边缘海在晚二叠世—三叠纪初闭合。 相似文献
9.
Abstract— The composite nappe of the Spongtang ophiolite is thrust over Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments of the North-Indian margin and shelf. The ophiolitic peridotiles tectonic-ally overlie a sedimentary melange, the detailed stratigraphy of which reveals the evolution of the South-Tethyan margin from its opening to its closure. The matrix of the melange is dated as Upper Campanian to Lower Eocene. Volcano-sedimentary olistoliths indicate carbonate platform sedimentation associated with alkaline lavas in the Permian, followed by more pelagic sedimentation of Upper Triassic and mid- Cretaceous age. They derived from external platforms near to the Indian shelf, but separated from it. Composite olistoliths of mid to late Cretaceous age, containing Permian elements, are found in the upper Cretaceous to lower Eocene wildflysch. Primary contacts of melange upon serpentinites indicates that the deeply eroded oceanic crust served partly as a substratum for the melange. 相似文献
10.
During Late Palaeozoic time a wide ocean, known as Palaeotethys, separated the future Eurasian and African continents. This ocean closed in Europe in the west during the Variscan orogeny, whereas in Asia further east it remained open and evolved into the Mesozoic Tethys, only finally closing during Late Cretaceous–Early Cenozoic.Three Upper Palaeozoic lithological assemblages, the Chios Melange (on the Aegean Greek island), the Karaburun Melange (westernmost Aegean Turkey) and the Teke Dere Unit (Lycian Nappes, SW Turkey) provide critical information concerning sedimentary and tectonic processes during closure of Palaeotethys. The Chios and Karaburun melanges in the west are mainly terrigenous turbidites with blocks and dismembered sheets of Silurian–Upper Carboniferous platform carbonate rocks (shallow-water and slope facies) and poorly dated volcanic rocks. The Teke Dere Unit to the southeast begins with alkaline, within-plate-type volcanics, depositionally overlain by Upper Carboniferous shallow-water carbonates. This intact succession is overlain by a tectonic slice complex comprising sandstone turbidites that are intersliced with shallow-water, slope and deep-sea sediments (locally dated as Early Carboniferous). Sandstone petrography and published detrital mineral dating imply derivation from units affected by the Panafrican (Cadomian) and Variscan orogenies.All three units are interpreted as parts of subduction complexes in which pervasive shear zones separate component parts. Silurian–Lower Carboniferous black cherts (lydites) and slope carbonates accreted in a subduction trench where sandstone turbidites accumulated. Some blocks retain primary depositional contacts, showing that gravitational processes contributed to formation of the melange. Detached blocks of Upper Palaeozoic shallow-water carbonates (e.g. Chios) are commonly mantled by conglomerates, which include water-worn clasts of black chert. The carbonate blocks are restored as one, or several, carbonate platforms that collided with an active margin, fragmenting into elongate blocks that slid into a subduction trench. This material was tectonically accreted at shallow levels within a subduction complex, resulting in layer-parallel extension, shearing and slicing. The accretion mainly took place during Late Carboniferous time.Alternative sedimentary-tectonic models are considered in which the timing and extent of closure of Palaeotethys differ, and in which subduction was either northwards towards Eurasia, or southwards towards Gondwana (or both). Terrane displacement is also an option. A similar (but metamorphosed) accretionary unit, the Konya Complex, occurs hundreds of kilometres further east. All of these units appear to have been assembled along the northern margin of Gondwana by Permian time, followed by deposition of overlying Tauride-type carbonate platforms. Northward subduction of Palaeotethys beneath Eurasia is commonly proposed. However, the accretionary units studied here are more easily explained by southward subduction towards Gondwana. Palaeotethys was possibly consumed by long-lived (Late Palaeozoic) northward subduction beneath Eurasia, coupled with more short-lived (Late Carboniferous) southward subduction near Gondwana, during or soon after closure of Palaeotethys in the Balkan region to the west. 相似文献