火山沉积岩及其矿床研究中伽马测井曲线解释的误区     

冯宝华 《物探与化探》2008,32(2):171-174

根据酸性凝灰岩和酸性火山事件粘土岩的自然伽马测井曲线,对当前流传的"沉积岩层的放射性强度(或放射性核素的含量)随泥质含量的增加而增高"的概念和用自然伽马值及经验公式求泥质含量提出质凝。酸性凝灰岩的自然伽马曲线有高异常响应,若解释为泥岩显然是误解,故将沉积岩伽马曲线高异常一律解释为泥岩是片面的。各类火山事件粘土岩的伽马值相差悬殊,但其泥质含量几乎相等,用它们的伽马值计算泥质含量误差甚大。最后对铝土矿层的伽马曲线稍加解释,指出核测井应用的远景。  相似文献   

火山作用—深成作用的相互联系     

高秉璋 《江西地质》1997,11(4):33-40

火山作用－深成作用的相互联系是研究岩浆活动从侵入到喷出，以及演化和发展的重要内容。高位深成岩体是其过渡类型，其中中心式环状杂岩体尤为重要，关键是要识别含棱角状捕掳体及破碎捕掳晶的侵入凝灰岩，包括侵入角砾岩，爆发角砾岩等一系列具侵入特征的火成碎屑岩类；大量的上覆火山岩碎块作为捕掳体出现在充气岩浆中，模糊了深成岩类和火山岩类，但根据产出形态及接触关系等特征仍可加以区别，本文对此问题作了明确的阐明，并以玉华山杂岩体为实例加以简要的论述  相似文献   

新疆三塘湖盆地上石炭统近源凝灰岩致密油藏形成条件     

陈常超  黄志龙  陈旋  安成龙  王昕  李新宁 《地质通报》2018,37(1):83-92

三塘湖盆地上石炭统烃源岩是火山喷发环境下形成的,烃源岩往往与厚度不等的凝灰岩交互出现,但凝灰岩致密储层的厚度和物性差异较大,源储关系较复杂,因而近源凝灰岩致密油藏的形成需要特定的条件。为了认识三塘湖盆地上石炭统近源凝灰岩致密油藏的形成条件,以典型致密油藏M36为例,综合运用岩心、薄片、测录井、地球化学测试等资料,对成藏要素进行解剖,建立上石炭统凝灰岩致密储层及烃源岩有效性的评价标准,并总结出近源致密油藏成藏模式。结果表明,储层孔隙度大于5%、对应渗透率大于0.07×10-3μm2的凝灰岩可以作为有效储层;烃源岩有机碳含量在4.0%以上,对应生烃潜量大于10%,且Ro大于0.8%的高炭泥岩、暗色泥岩为优质烃源岩;较好的储层、优质的烃源岩和互层型源储配置关系是近源凝灰岩致密油藏的形成条件。  相似文献   

黔西南泥堡金矿床容矿火山岩系中“粉砂岩”夹层的岩石类型归属研究          下载免费PDF全文

祁连素 《贵州地质》2021,38(1):22-28, 64

原先认为泥堡金矿床容矿火山岩系中间的"粉砂岩夹层",研究发现其具有与火山碎屑岩的成分与结构构造特征,包括熔蚀石英晶屑和长石板状晶假象,局部还出现大量生物化石碎片,应归属为蚀变凝灰岩。火山岩系的原"粉砂岩夹层"并不存在,只是短暂的火山喷发间隙,整个容矿火山岩系形成从偏基性火山碎屑岩到中基性火山角砾岩的晚二叠世火山喷发旋回。火山岩旋回的早期到晚期,金矿成矿作用强度逐渐增强,印证金成矿作用与火山岩的密切成因联系。  相似文献   

新疆阿希地区大哈拉军山组火山岩金元素地球化学特征及其成矿关系   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6  

漆树基  李长河 《新疆地质》1994,(2)

阿希地区下石炭统大哈拉军山组４个岩性段均由中酸性火山岩组成。各岩性段火山岩的金元素岩石－地球化学特征有着显著差异，与金矿成矿关系不尽相同。其中的酸性凝灰岩段金元素平均值１１０．６×１０－９，最高值１８０００×１０－９，浓集克拉克值２８，标准离差２２８，变异系数２．０６。该岩性段是阿希地区各种类型金矿的重要矿源层。  相似文献   

Origin and stratigraphy of phreatomagmatic deposits at the Pleistocene Sinker Butte Volcano, Western Snake River Plain, Idaho   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

Brittany D. Brand  Craig M. White   《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2007,160(3-4):319-339

Sinker Butte is the erosional remnant of a very large basaltic tuff cone of middle Pleistocene age located at the southern edge of the western Snake River Plain. Phreatomagmatic tephras are exposed in complete sections up to 100 m thick in the walls of the Snake River Canyon, creating an unusual opportunity to study the deposits produced by this volcano through its entire sequence of explosive eruptions. The main objectives of the study were to determine the overall evolution of the Sinker Butte volcano while focusing particularly on the tephras produced by its phreatomagmatic eruptions. Toward this end, twenty-three detailed stratigraphic sections ranging from 20 to 100 m thick were examined and measured in canyon walls exposing tephras deposited around 180° of the circumference of the volcano.Three main rock units are recognized in canyon walls at Sinker Butte: a lower sequence composed of numerous thin basaltic lava flows, an intermediate sequence of phreatomagmatic tephras, and a capping sequence of welded basaltic spatter and more lava flows. We subdivide the phreatomagmatic deposits into two main parts, a series of reworked, mostly subaqueously deposited tephras and a more voluminous sequence of overlying subaerial surge and fall deposits. Most of the reworked deposits are gray in color and exhibit features such as channel scour and fill, planar-stratification, high and low angle cross-stratification, trough cross-stratification, and Bouma-turbidite sequences consistent with their being deposited in shallow standing water or in braided streams. The overlying subaerial deposits are commonly brown or orange in color due to palagonitization. They display a wide variety of bedding types and sedimentary structures consistent with deposition by base surges, wet to dry pyroclastic fall events, and water saturated debris flows.Proximal sections through the subaerial tephras exhibit large regressive cross-strata, planar bedding, and bomb sags suggesting deposition by wet base surges and tephra fallout. Medial and distal deposits consist of a thick sequence of well-bedded tephras; however, the cross-stratified base-surge deposits are thinner and interbedded within the fallout deposits. The average wavelength and amplitude of the cross strata continue to decrease with distance from the vent. These bedded surge and fall deposits grade upward into dominantly fall deposits containing 75–95% juvenile vesiculated clasts and localized layers of welded spatter, indicating a greatly reduced water-melt ratio. Overlying these “dryer” deposits are massive tuff breccias that were probably deposited as water saturated debris flows (lahars). The first appearance of rounded river gravels in these massive tuff breccias indicates downward coring of the diatreme and entrainment of country rock from lower in the stratigraphic section. The “wetter” nature of these deposits suggests a renewed source of external water. The massive deposits grade upward into wet fallout tephras and the phreatomagmatic sequence ends with a dry scoria fall deposit overlain by welded spatter and lava flows.Field observations and two new ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar incremental heating dates suggest the succession of lavas and tephra deposits exposed in this part of the Snake River canyon may all have been erupted from a closely related complex of vents at Sinker Butte. We propose that initial eruptions of lava flows built a small shield edifice that dammed or disrupted the flow of the ancestral Snake River. The shift from effusive to explosive eruptions occurred when the surface water or rising ground water gained access to the vent. As the river cut a new channel around the lava dam, water levels dropped and the volcano returned to an effusive style of eruption.  相似文献   

围场牌楼御圣饮用天然矿泉水     

王敏 《华北地质矿产杂志》1995,10(4):510-514

围场牌楼御圣矿泉水出露于侏罗系张家口组凝灰岩、安山岩中，属偏硅酸、锶复合型矿泉水，其成因是含偏硅酸和锶的岩石经地下水深循环作用，长期溶滤围岩，使偏硅酸、锶不断富集的结果，除含偏硅酸、锶外，还含有有益于人体健康的微量元素。该矿泉水水量充沛，动态稳定，水质良好。  相似文献   

徽县银洞子金矿床地质特征与控矿因素分析          下载免费PDF全文

石素娟 《甘肃地质》2014,23(3):56-60

银洞子金矿床位于甘肃徽县东南部,属多因素沉积再造型矿床。矿床受EW向F1断裂及次级构造控制,金矿化与下石炭统下岩组凝灰岩、凝灰质灰岩、不纯的薄层灰岩及其构造角砾岩有关,在金矿化区常见中基性—中酸性小岩体（枝）分布。金矿化赋存在通过此岩组断裂中。与金矿化关系密切的围岩蚀变主要是硅化、黄铁矿化、褐铁矿化、碳酸盐化等。  相似文献   

冀北承德盆地九龙山组凝灰岩夹层LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

张运强  陈海燕  魏文通  陈超  刘应龙  张立国  朱志攀 《沉积与特提斯地质》2014,34(3):88-95

冀北承德盆地中生代侏罗纪地层序列较齐全,但作为关键层位之一的九龙山组一直缺乏高精度年代学的约束。笔者首次对九龙山组凝灰岩夹层进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb高精度定年,获得凝灰岩中岩浆锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄164.1±1.3 Ma。综合研究及对比表明,九龙山组的时限为158~164Ma,属中侏罗世晚期至晚侏罗世早期,对应于国际地层表的牛津期至卡洛维期,其沉积时间相对短暂。在此基础上,更新了研究区侏罗系年代地层柱状图,该认识对于深入研究燕山地区中生代侏罗纪地层格架及构造岩浆演化过程具有重要意义。  相似文献   

黔东地区梵净山群与下江群凝灰岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

高林志  陈建书  戴传固  丁孝忠  王雪华  刘燕学  王敏  张恒 《地质通报》2014,33(7):949-959

根据黔东地区梵净山群回香坪组第6段凝灰岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄(840Ma±5Ma),结合下江群芙蓉坝组碎屑锆石年龄谱系及下江群新寨组(板溪群马底驿组)凝灰岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄(813.5Ma±9.6Ma),将其与广西四堡群和丹州群凝灰岩年龄进行对比。梵净山群回香坪组年龄与四堡群鱼西组凝灰岩年龄一致,2个地区均发育早期基性岩和枕状熔岩、晚期浅色花岗岩。该事件的精确定年对江南造山带西南端构造演化将有重要的地质意义。依据江南古陆新元古代低变质绿片岩的最新锆石U-Pb年龄,梵净山群(贵州)、四堡群(广西)、冷家溪群(湖南)、双桥山群(江西)与仓溪岩群(湖南)、宜丰岩群(江西)、张村群(江西),甚至与双溪坞群(浙西)在沉积年代上有一定的时间差,而上覆贵州下江群甲路组(814Ma)、广西丹州群合桐组(802Ma)、湖南板溪群张家湾组(802Ma)、江西登山群邓家组(766Ma)和浙江河上镇群骆家门组(791Ma)沉积起点的时间也不一致,但是两者之间均为角度不整合接触,反映出明显的造山事件。研究认为,不断地获得精确的地层年代数据将影响整个江南古陆变质基底的地层对比,并制约江南造山带的地质背景和成矿条件。  相似文献