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Kwadwo Konadu‐Agyemang 《The Professional geographer》2000,52(3):469-483
Since 1983, Ghana has been undergoing World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) sponsored Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs). The implementation of the SAPs, it is claimed, has arrested Ghana's economy from complete collapse, resulted in consistent growth in GDP averaging 6% over the past decade, reduced inflation levels, created budget surplus, and increased export earnings. Compared to the 1970s, these are the best of times indeed. But while these SAPs‐derived improvements in the national economy have been recorded at the macro level, the benefits at the micro level are a matter of considerable debate. This study revisits the issue of socioeconomic and spatial disparities that have characterized Ghana since colonial times, emphasizing the period from 1983 when Ghana's SAPs began. It examines current patterns of socioeconomic disparities with emphasis on the distribution of, and access to, health, education, basic services, and the like. The study focuses on urban‐rural as well as interregional disparities in the country. 相似文献
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朱庚 《物探化探计算技术》1996,(2)
文章概述了美国地学的一批小型应用软件的情况。这批软件以内容丰富、涉及专业范围广、运行的硬软件环境要求不高、以及售价低廉为其特征。文章提到了软件性能方面的十个特点，特别是图标菜单、三维地质模型图示、多层及多窗口图形显示以及ＣＤＲＯＭ的应用等图示技术的进展。文章认为，美国地学小软件取得的进展，除地学本身的因素外，应归功于及时引进ＣＡＤ、ＷＩＮＤＯＷＳ等先进系统软件技术。 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(3):469-483
Since 1983, Ghana has been undergoing World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) sponsored Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs). The implementation of the SAPs, it is claimed, has arrested Ghana's economy from complete collapse, resulted in consistent growth in GDP averaging 6% over the past decade, reduced inflation levels, created budget surplus, and increased export earnings. Compared to the 1970s, these are the best of times indeed. But while these SAPs-derived improvements in the national economy have been recorded at the macro level, the benefits at the micro level are a matter of considerable debate. This study revisits the issue of socioeconomic and spatial disparities that have characterized Ghana since colonial times, emphasizing the period from 1983 when Ghana's SAPs began. It examines current patterns of socioeconomic disparities with emphasis on the distribution of, and access to, health, education, basic services, and the like. The study focuses on urban-rural as well as interregional disparities in the country. 相似文献
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简要介绍了近两年来美国和北欧Loran-C系统的研究和技术改造,以及未来数年内的发展方向政策,美国制订了的改造计划,对Loran-C系统及设备进行结构性调整和更新改造,同时对采用新技术后的Loran-C系统的性能和长期需求作出测试与评估,北欧Loran-C系统的研究重心是如何将陆基和空基系统有效地结合起来,Loran-C系统的作为和潜在应用还有于进一步的研究和探索。 相似文献
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