Chasing a 'loose and baggy monster': almshouses and the geography of charity     

John R. Bryson  Mark McGuiness  & Robert G. Ford 《Area》2002,34(1):48-58

This paper goes some way towards redressing the lack of geographical literature on charity through exploring the geography of the British domestic charitable sector. The size and geography of the third sector is outlined, followed by an analysis of how almshouses can be understood as inherently geographical and deeply embedded in local social networks of inclusion as well as exclusion.  相似文献   

The Disparity Between the Level of Economic Development and Human Welfare     

Steven R. Holloway  Kavita Pandit 《The Professional geographer》1992,44(1):57-71

The lack of correspondence between traditional economic development measures, such as GNP per capita, and human welfare measures, such as the PQLI, has been well documented in the literature. We devised and analyzed an economic development-welfare disparity measure, and found considerable geographic variability, with actual levels of human welfare much less than expected in many Middle Eastern and African countries, given the level of economic development. Exploratory correlation and regression analysis revealed that inequalities in the distribution of economic power and governmental expenditures contributed to the geographic variability. More importantly, each region improved its standing on the development-welfare disparity measure when relevant factors were controlled via multivariate regression.  相似文献   

基于公开版地图数据库的福建省地图公共服务探究     

朱艳霞 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(1):145-148

分析了福建省地图公共服务现状以及存在的问题,从创新数据库建库模式、创新地图服务模式、加强标准地图服务建设等方面提出地图公共服务优化思路,为“十四五”期间提升地图公共服务能力提供一定的借鉴。  相似文献   

New power relations served here: The growth of food banking in Chicago     

Daniel Novik Warshawsky 《Geoforum》2010,41(5):763-775

While some non-profits have suffered under the political and economic pressures of neoliberal urban governance reform, others have emerged as important institutional players in local governance regimes. This article highlights how non-profits food banks in Chicago have commercialized in order to respond to increased demand, enhance their institutional independence from government, and reassert their local dominance in emergency food service delivery. From a food bank member agency perspective, the consolidation of food bank institutional power has produced new bureaucratic limitations, user fees, and increased competition. These shifts reveal the rise of metropolitan food banks as important players in neoliberal urban governance regimes, as they control the conceptualization of hunger, management of poverty, and organization of food distribution systems.  相似文献   

A SPATIALLY-VARYING PARAMETER MODEL OF AFDC PARTICIPATION: EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS USING THE EXPANSION METHOD*     

John Paul Jones 《The Professional geographer》1984,36(4):455-461

Spatial variation in the importance of determinants of participation in the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program (AFDC) is investigated for the U.S. Casetti's Expansion Method is applied to the two-dimensional space domain by making the model's parameters a function of state x–y centroids. The spatially-varying parameter model suggests that the black population's association with participation is lowest in the Southeast and Northwest and greatest in the Southwest and Northeast.  相似文献   

Equity vs. Efficiency: Public Capital Investment in Ohio, 1988–1992     

Brian A. Mikelbank  Randall W. Jackson 《The Professional geographer》1999,51(2):196-209

Recent research on the role of public capital in the economy focuses primarily on assessing its economic, and sometimes spatial economic, impacts. Access to more detailed and disaggregate data than typically used in these analyses allows us to take a fresh perspective on the often conflicting goals of interregional equity and aggregate efficiency. Using the state of Ohio as a case study, and classic definitions of equity and efficiency, we assess the correspondence between distributions of infrastructure investment and the social/economic distress they are intended to alleviate. Traditional map and statistical analysis combined with a graphical device we call the variegated distribution plot reveals that, in both rates and levels, investment is highest in areas of greatest distress. Both patterns are consistent with equity-driven investment distributions.  相似文献   

中国生产控制型产业减排的居民福利和区域影响     

孙翊  钟章奇  徐程瑾  王铮 《地理科学》2015,35(9):1067-1076

基于SAM均衡建模方法,建立面向居民福利研究的中国动态多区域社会公平CGE政策模拟模型,对比分析自然情景、生产控制型减排政策情景和最优增长情景下的区域和居民福利变化。研究发现减排政策存在明显的增长率区域分异,这将破坏在自然增长下存在的区域收敛力,导致中国区域之间的差距再度被拉大。面向减排的投资控制政策短期对于居民收入的不利影响较小,但长期影响不容忽视,需要进行居民收入保护。由于城镇退休居民和农村劳动居民已经具备针对性的养老保障政策和“三农政策”保护收入增长,其总体福利受减排政策的冲击较小,因此缺乏相应政策支持的城镇劳动居民应该是收入保护的优先考虑群体。模拟显示减排政策更有利于代际和城乡人均收入差距的缩小,但考虑到减排带来的绝对收入水平下降,不能过于乐观估计这种差距缩小效应。  相似文献   

公益性标准地图服务平台的建设与思考     

周昕薇  张文晖  狄琳  石磊  杜秀荣  颜永威 《测绘通报》2017,(6):105

以《地图管理条例》实施为契机,以服务公众和繁荣地图发展为宗旨,创新地图服务模式和机制,设计研发了公益性标准地图服务平台,发布了首批公益性标准地图。平台旨在为公众提供正确的地图数据和实用的地图服务,一方面提供了免费的中国地图、世界地图、专题地图等标准地图的下载服务,另一方面实现了公众在线自助制图功能。笔者以构建国家级公益性标准地图服务平台为目标,对如何为公众提供更优质的公益性地图服务进行了深入思考。  相似文献   

Local Labor Market Restructuring and the Employment of Welfare Recipients in Los Angeles County     

《Urban geography》2013,34(2):139-172

Although welfare rolls have dropped considerably in recent years, most welfare recipients who find work are employed in low-wage, insecure jobs. The problem of "working poverty" is especially acute in large city-regions such as Los Angeles, where local labor market restructuring has created an expanding, low-wage economy, increasingly dependent on immigrant labor. This paper analyzes the employment outcomes of 6,931 women who completed the county's welfare-to-work program in 1996. I evaluate their earnings, labor market segmentation, and job stability. The results show that women were highly concentrated in low-wage service jobs and experienced high levels of turnover and unemployment. Many were unable to obtain employment in the formal labor market. I argue that the struggles of the working poor in a growing regional economy are explained not solely by human capital limitations, but by processes of local labor market restructuring that have contributed to widespread economic insecurity in Los Angeles County.  相似文献   

Bartering for Basics: Using Ethnography and Travel Diaries to Understand Transportation Constraints and Social Networks Among Working-Poor Women     

《Urban geography》2013,34(8):1018-1038

Working-poor women face many challenges in their quest for economic self-sufficiency. Although welfare reform promises jobs, women do not have equal access to necessary services, including transportation. With the 2010 reauthorization of TANF (Temporary Asssistance for Needy Women), there is a need to develop a methodology that uses qualitative individual-level data to evaluate whether public transportation will serve working-poor single mothers in this quest for self-sufficiency. Using ethnography, travel diaries, and a GIS for a sample of women in the process of leaving welfare in Knoxville, Tennessee, travel behavior is examined both qualitatively and quantitatively in order to understand why they rarely use public transportation. Further research into the ways these women move around in a sprawling, medium-sized city reinforces and seeks to understand the extensive social networks working-poor mothers rely on. These women create communities of spatial necessity, bartering for basic needs to overcome transportation constraints.  相似文献