秦岭山地气候变化的地形效应     

孟清  白红英  赵婷  郭少壮  齐贵增 《山地学报》2020,38(2)

研究不同地形下的山地气候变化对于植被生长、不同动物种群的生存习性及对气候的应激性有重要意义。本文基于陕西秦岭地区1959—2016年32个国家站的日气温和降水资料,采用Anusplin插值法、标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)、稳健回归和Theil-sen回归法等方法分析了山区地形对气候变化的影响。结论如下:(1)58年来秦岭四个坡向上年均温度随着海拔的升高呈现显著下降趋势,年降水随着海拔的升高呈现不同程度的上升趋势。温度随坡度的增加表现出下降趋势;除秦岭南坡西段外,降水随着坡度的增加呈现出上升趋势,但均不显著。(2)年尺度上,秦岭山地南坡和南坡东段的气温呈显著增温趋势,南坡西段和北坡呈不显著增温趋势;四个方向上的降水均呈显著下降趋势。秦岭山地四个方向上的干湿等级为正常,北坡和南坡西段的干湿状况一致,58年年均SPEI均为0.07,南坡东段较暖湿(0.08),南坡较暖干(0.05)。(3)季节尺度上,秦岭山地四个方向上除了夏季外,其他季节的气温均表现出不同程度的升温趋势,降水均呈下降趋势。秦岭四个方向上四季干湿变化属于正常等级。秦岭北坡出现春季干暖化趋势;南坡秋季较暖湿;南坡东段和西段的冬季呈暖湿化特征;南坡西段夏季呈现暖干化特征。  相似文献   

Revisiting Sustainable Development of Dry Valleys in Hengduan Mountains Region   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

TANGYa XIEJiasui SUNHui 《山地科学学报》2004,1(1):38-45

Dry valleys are a striking geographic landscape in Hengduan Mountains Region and are characterized by low rainfall, desert type of vegetation and fragile environment. Past efforts and resources have been concentrated mainly on rehabilitation of degraded ecosystem and fragile environment, particularly reforestation, while socio-economic development has been largely overlooked. Despite successes in pocket areas, the overall trend of unsustainability and environmental deterioration are continuing. It is important to understand that uplift of the Tibetan Plateau is the root cause of development of dry valleys, and development and formation of dry valleys is a natural process. Human intervention has played a secondary role in development of dry valleys and degradation of dry valleys though human intervention in many cases has speeded up environmental degradation of the dry valleys. It is important to understand that dry valleys are climatic enclaves and an integrated approach that combines rehabilitation of degraded ecosystems and socio-economic development should be adopted if the overall goal of sustainable development of dry valleys is to be achieved. Promotion of niche-based cash crops, rural energy including hydropower, solar energy, biogas and fuelwood plantation is recommended as the priority activities.  相似文献   

全国唯一国家级黄土地质公园正式开园     

《国土资源》2004,(11):50-50

全国唯一的国家级地质公园——陕西洛川黄土国家地质公园10月23日正式开园。2003年度国家最高科学技术奖获得者、中科院院士刘东生为公园题词：“洛川黄土是认识全球气候环境变化的三大支柱之一的标准地点，对它进行保护对世界的科学研究具有重大的意义。”  相似文献   

气候波动在我国近期湖泊变化中的作用     

方金琪 《海洋湖沼通报》1990,(3):9-14

19世纪晚期以来,我国大多数湖泊都表现出湖水位的强烈波动变化。低湖面期发生在本世纪初至30年代及自60年代以来时期;而在本世纪40年代湖泊水位普遍比现代要高出2—4米。大多数的研究者都将湖水位的这种变化,尤其是60年代以来的水位下降,归咎于人类活动的影响。但是,本文的研究表明自60年代以来,我国仍有些地区河湖水位上升,并且这些地区人类活动影响也十分强烈;而在青藏高原,尽管人类活动影响微弱,湖水位却下降强烈。进一步的分析证实河湖水位变化与降雨量变化的地区差异一致;并且变化强烈区呈东北——西南向带状分布,与控制我国主要降雨量分布的极锋位置平行一致。在时间上,40年代前后的高湖面期,同时也是气温和降雨量明显偏高的所谓“20世纪温暖期”。  相似文献   

Contrast　between　the　Climatic　States　of　the　Warm　Pool　in　the　Indian　Ocean　and　in　the　Pacific　Ocean     

MENGXiangfeng WUDexing 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2002,1(2):119-124

Based on the analysis of Levitus data, the climatic states of the warm pool in the Indian Ocean (WPIO) and in the Pacific Ocean (WPPO) are studied. It is found that WPIO has a relatively smaller area, a shallower bottom and a slightly lower seawater temperature than those of WPPO. The horizontal area at different depths, volumes, central positions, and bottom depths of both WPIO and WPPO show quite apparent signals of seasonal variation. The maximum amplitude of WPIO surface area‘s seasonal variation is 58% larger over the annual mean value. WPIO‘s maximum volume variation amplitude is 66% larger over the annual mean value. The maximum variation amplitudes of the surface area and volume of WPPO are 20.9% and 20.6% larger over the annual mean value respectively. WPIO and WPPO show different temporal and spatial characteristics mainly due to the different wind fields and restriction of ocean basin geometry. For instance, seasonal northern displacement of WPIO is, to some extent, constrained by the basin of the Indian Ocean, while WPPO moves relatively freely in the longitudinal direction. The influence of WPIO and WPPO over the atmospheric motion must be quite different.  相似文献   

AGGLOMERATION AND RADIATION EFFECT OF THE PULL OF URBANIZATION   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

QIJin-li 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2003,13(3):224-227

In order to explore the train of thought for China‘s urbanizing development and coordinated rural eco-nomic development, and to find good ways of solving rural problems through urbanization, this paper absorbs the push-and-pull forces theory and the systematic dynamic theory in the traditional population migration theories, views urbanization as a dynamic system, makes research on the push-and-pull mechanism of urbanization. The pulling power of urbanization is analyzed according to two aspects, the agglomeration effect and the radiation effect of cities. The agglomeration effect provides continuous propelling force for urbanization, and the radiation effect further accelerates the urbanization process by pushing forward the development of rural economy. Of course, the slow de-velopment of urbanization can result in the hindrance to rural economic development.  相似文献   

我国民营经济发生三大历史变化     

《河南国土资源》2006,(10):45-45

全国工商联主编的2006民营经济蓝皮书预计未来5年，全部民营经济占全国GDP的比重将达3／4，私营企业数量将占全国企业总数的70％以上。  相似文献   

重庆地面最高气温与最大风速年极值的渐近分布   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孟庆珍  王增武  冯新  梁秋枫 《成都信息工程学院学报》2004,19(3):436-441

利用重庆1951-1990年间地面最高气温和1956-1990年间地面最大风速年极值的记录,采用韦伯分布和耿贝尔分布分别对其渐近分布进行拟合.通过统计推断,找出重庆地面最高气温和地面最大风速年极值遵循的最佳渐近分布--韦伯分布.  相似文献   

利用历史有感地震目录（M≥3（1／2））研究华北地区地震活动性特征          下载免费PDF全文

《地震地质》1994,16(4):373

对新编的华北地区历史有感地震目录（３（１／２）≤Ｍ＜４（１／２））的精度和可信度进行了讨论。认为该地震目录从１４８４年后的记载率较高，它的发震时间、震中位置和震级的精度基本可以满足研究历史地震活动性的需要。它与中国地震目录（Ｍ≥４（３／４））比较，补充了相当数量的３（１／２）≤Ｍ≤４（１／２）的地震。利用历史有感地震目录分析了华北北部部分６级以上的历史地震，结果表明，这些地震在强震发生前具有明显的空区、条带、地震活动性增强、平静等前兆特征，同时，也显示了某些强＊发生前的前震活动和主震之后起伏的强余震活动  相似文献   

南京天诚资产评估事务所有限公司     

《江苏国土资源》2003,(4):47-47

  相似文献