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分布式光纤传感技术在滑坡监测中的应用 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
将分布式光纤传感技术引入滑坡监测,既可得到整个滑坡体的概要特征,又能提高监测效率。FBG与BOTDR是两种最具代表性的分布式光纤传感技术,FBG通过测量其反射光波长的变化获得应变或温度值。BOTDR通过测定后向布里渊散射光的频移实现分布式温度、应变测量。FBG传感器灵敏度高,但只能实现离散点的准分布式测量,BOTDR可实现分布式、长距离、不间断测量,但其空间分辨率不高。笔者提出FBG与BOTDR联合监测滑坡的方案。在巫山残联滑坡,在整个滑坡体上铺设监测光纤,利用BOTDR获得整个滑坡体的概要信息;在滑坡体变形的关键部位———变形缝安装FBG传感器,获得某些关键部位的应变信息,从而实现由点到线再到面的监测,获得滑坡体较完整的应变信息。 相似文献
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Large-scale field tests were conducted to study set-up effect in open-ended prestressed high-strength concrete pipe piles jacked into stratified soil. Four open-ended prestressed high-strength concrete pipe piles with 13 and 18 m in embedment depth were fully instrumented with fiber Bragg grating sensors and installed. Several restrike dynamic tests were performed on each test pile, with the time interval from 21.5 to 284 hours after installation. Static loading tests (SLTs) were later performed on each test pile at 408 hours after installation to substantiate the dynamic tests. Changes with time in pile bearing capacity and in the shaft and toe resistances were studied based on the results of the pile tests. The development of shaft resistance set-up in different layers was studied in particular. It was found that set-up effect in the shaft resistance is significant and the toe resistance increment was minor. The overall set-up factor of total bearing capacity was found to range from 0.09 to 0.53, and the set-up effect of friction pile is much larger than the end bearing pile. More significant set-up in shaft resistance was observed in fill and alluvium layer. The dimensionless set-up factor A for shaft resistance in marine deposits ranges from 0.5 to 1.43, and it contributes the most to the shaft resistance as the shaft resistance in marine deposits is higher. 相似文献
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基于桩身应力测试的静压PHC管桩贯入机制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
压桩过程中PHC管桩侧摩阻力与端阻力的分离是制约其贯入机制及承载力研究的瓶颈。通过桩身预埋准分布式FBG光纤传感器,对贯入成层土地基中5根足尺开口PHC管桩侧摩阻力及端阻力发展变化情况进行了监测。试验表明,准分布式光纤传感测试技术现场可操作性强,粗放施工环境下贯入阻力分离效果较为理想。成层土地基中压桩力曲线基本反映地层土性变化,桩端土层性状对压桩力影响较大。硬质土层界面处试桩压桩力平均增幅约为64.06%,端阻力受地层变化影响更为显著,平均增长幅度约为97.41%,侧摩阻力平均增长幅度约为17.92%;桩端位于非硬质土层试桩压桩力变化不明显。贯入过程中现场足尺试验桩身应力变化不同于室内模型试验,桩身上、下部侧摩阻力发挥的力学机制不同。受现场粗放施工条件及深度方向土层变化影响,贯入成层土地基中桩侧摩阻力临界深度现象不明显。 相似文献
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珊瑚地层是钙质砂和礁灰岩的统称。在珊瑚地层中开展预应力高强度混凝土管桩（PHC桩）的原位堆载测试,分析了桩?珊瑚地质的相互作用规律。采用光纤光栅传感技术采集加载过程中的试桩桩身应变,由计算获取桩身轴力,分析加载过程中珊瑚地层中PHC桩基础的承载特性。试验结果表明,（1）桩?土响应处于线弹性阶段;（2）桩的承载发挥状态与入土深度显著相关,且入土深度超过15倍桩径时桩端阻力发挥峰值;（3）桩的安装方式几乎不影响其在珊瑚地层中的承载性能,但贯入能量的大小则显著影响;（4）入土深度和贯入能量的大小,影响珊瑚地质的破碎程度,颗粒破碎显著影响珊瑚地质中桩的承载发挥特性。通过原位测试可知在珊瑚地质中在贯入深度在15倍桩径以内,入土深度与桩端阻力正相关,与桩侧摩阻力反相关。 相似文献
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光纤测试技术是将光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器用光纤连成一串,通过构建多点光栅测试系统实现传感,它具有精度高、抗干扰能力强、空间分辨率高和连续数据采集等特点。将光纤光栅传感技术应用到原型玻璃纤维增强复合材料（GFRP）抗浮锚杆受力测试中,同步测试了锚杆杆体-锚固体界面、锚固体-周围岩土体界面以及锚固体内的应变,实现GFRP抗浮锚杆多界面全长受力测试。测试结果表明,光纤光栅传感技术能准确记录拉拔过程中GFRP抗浮锚杆各界面的应变变化,揭示锚杆杆体-锚固体界面、锚固体内、锚固体-周围岩土体界面的轴向应力和剪应力分别随荷载水平和锚固深度变化的分布规律,但不同界面处荷载的传递深度和剪应力沿深度的影响范围有所差异。该测试技术和传感器埋设工艺有众多优势,在岩土工程科学研究与工程应用领域具有广阔的前景。 相似文献
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油气井永久性光纤Bragg光栅传感监测系统的安装设计是现场应用的一个重要组成部分,也是工艺最复杂、成本最昂贵的一个环节.本文简要地回顾了油气井光纤Bragg光栅传感监测系统安装现状,根据国内常用射孔完井方式,设计了两种单井光纤Bragg光栅井下安装模型.论述了井下安装前准备工作和主要注意事项,讨论了存在问题,对油气井永久性光纤Bragg光栅传感监测技术及其安装技术的前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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地质力学模型试验是在复杂条件下进行大型地下洞室围岩稳定性分析的重要研究手段,能够真实地反映地质构造和工程结构的空间关系,准确模拟施工过程对厂房稳定性的影响以及岩体的破坏特征。双江口水电站地下洞群模型试验中采用预留孔径灌胶方式进行高精度的棒式光纤光栅（FBG）位移传感器的埋设,以便对洞室周边的位移进行量测,同时应用FLAC3D进行数值模拟比较。结果表明：棒式光纤光栅传感器量测方法解决了模型试验中内部变形小、量测精度要求高的问题,与数值模拟结果相吻合;试验中传感器埋设的方法是成功的,无论是开挖阶段还是超载阶段传感器均能有效地监测模型内部变形,揭示地下洞室群模型在开挖阶段和超载阶段的变形机制和破坏特征。 相似文献
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介绍了现行光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）测试技术的应用领域、传感原理以及常用的封装方式,探索将FBG用于季节冻土路基这种隐蔽工程应变检测中的适应性。主要工作有：（1）基于FBG测试技术的植入梁方法,在传感器布设方面,根据不同测试对象提出了两种封装布设方式：浅置短距离半柔性探测杆和深置长距离半刚性探测杆两种封装布设方式;（2）针对现场测试需要,对电源、光纤传感器、数据采集及分析等整套现场测试系统进行了比较优选;（3）选择两处季节冻土路基作为埋设场地并开展为期1 a的观测。测试结果表明：FBG在-20～30 ℃的温差范围内保证了很高的存活率,所提出并实现的季节冻土路基应变测试系统具有较高的测试灵敏度和可靠性。该套测试系统为隐蔽工程的物理性质指标测试提供了新的技术手段。 相似文献
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Tao Liu San-Peng Li Hai-lei Kou Wan-li Chai Guan-li Wei 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(7):775-782
AbstractFiber Bragg Grating (FBG) technology has emerged as a relatively new sensing technology for engineering applications because of lots of advantages. In this study, a large diameter probe instrumented with FBG pressure sensors to monitor excess pore pressure in marine sediment is proposed. The principle of FBG differential pressure sensor was introduced. Laboratory tests were carried out to check the workability and stability of the FBG pressure sensor. Offshore field test was also conducted in a wharf in Qingdao of China to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed probe. The installation procedure of the probe was introduced in detail. The excess pore pressure in dissipation test, after installation and pulling process were reported. The permeability coefficient of marine sediment was calculated based on the measured data. The field data show that the proposed probe based on FBG pressure sensor has good feasibility and accuracy in monitoring the excess pore pressure of marine sediment. The generation and dissipation of excess pore pressure is closely related to the degree of soil disturbance. The variation of excess pore pressure after installation can reflect the tide well in the site. 相似文献