Revisiting the existence of an effective stress for wet granular soils with micromechanics          下载免费PDF全文

Jérôme Duriez  Richard Wan  Mehdi Pouragha  Félix Darve 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(8):959-978

A possible effective stress variable for wet granular materials is numerically investigated based on an adapted discrete element method (DEM) model for an ideal three‐phase system. The DEM simulations consider granular materials made of nearly monodisperse spherical particles, in the pendular regime with the pore fluid mixture consisting of distinct water menisci bridging particle pairs. The contact force‐related stress contribution to the total stresses is isolated and tested as the effective stress candidate for dense or loose systems. It is first recalled that this contact stress tensor is indeed an adequate effective stress that describes stress limit states of wet samples with the same Mohr‐Coulomb criterion associated with their dry counterparts. As for constitutive relationships, it is demonstrated that the contact stress tensor used in conjunction with dry constitutive relations does describe the strains of wet samples during an initial strain regime but not beyond. Outside this so‐called quasi‐static strain regime, whose extent is much greater for dense than loose materials, dramatic changes in the contact network prevent macroscale contact stress‐strain relationships to apply in the same manner to dry and unsaturated conditions. The presented numerical results also reveal unexpected constitutive bifurcations for the loose material, related to stick‐slip macrobehavior.  相似文献   

深水稀井区天然气藏储盖组合定量预测方法研究:以琼东南盆地陵水凹陷为例     

刘静静  刘震  孙志鹏  孙晓明 《现代地质》2018,32(4):796

南海北部油气勘探表明天然气是本地区主要的资源类型。与石油相比,天然气藏的形成对盖层要求更为严格,因此开展天然气藏储盖组合研究对油气勘探具有重要意义。通过统计和调研的方法,将砂岩储层孔隙度12%定义为琼东南盆地天然气有效储层评价的下限参数,将泥岩排替压力1 MPa定义为天然气有效泥岩盖层评价的下限参数。利用测井资料开展了单井天然气藏储盖组合窗口定量预测,得出陵水凹陷W22-1井发育单个天然气藏储盖组合窗口。在此基础上,针对稀井或无井区,提出了基于地震反演速度剖面的天然气藏储盖组合定量预测方法,以琼东南盆地陵水凹陷主洼过井测线为例,开展了天然气藏储盖组合窗口地震预测,确定出该凹陷主洼发育单个天然气藏储盖组合窗口,大体上包括陵水组-莺歌海组上部多套地层,拓宽了陵水凹陷天然气勘探层系。这种方法对其它深水区和低勘探新区均有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

沟岸侧蚀对泥石流不稳定动力过程的影响          下载免费PDF全文

吕立群  王兆印  崔鹏  徐梦珍 《水科学进展》2018,29(2):213-220

泥石流作为非牛顿体,屈服应力大,运动过程通常不稳定。前人建立了许多模型来研究沟床揭底和堰塞体溃决对泥石流不稳定动力过程的影响,沟岸侧蚀对泥石流不稳定动力过程的影响研究较少。通过侧蚀为主的模型和完全底蚀的模型两种水槽实验的对比,针对泥石流的动力过程展开研究。实验发现两种工况条件下泥石流正应力和孔隙水压力随着龙头高度沿程波动性的增长而相应地波动性增大,但侧蚀作用使得这种波动特征更加明显。通过力学分析,证明侧蚀作用导致泥石流龙头的阻力更大,但是龙身颗粒和龙头颗粒的速度差更大,使得龙头附加坡降更大,因此,侧蚀作用使得泥石流龙头的平均速度更快。泥石流龙头浓度和容重的不断增大,使得阻力不断增大,阻力和动力的动态平衡关系是泥石流不稳定运动的原因之一。  相似文献   

大陆岩石圈强度研究     

熊熊  王英杰  李永东 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(5):441-450

岩石圈强度或有效弹性厚度(Te)控制着岩石圈对长期负载的响应及其演化过程和空间构型,包含丰富的地球动力学信息,对解译地壳、岩石圈乃至地幔介质的力学性质和动力学过程及机理具有重要的科学意义。本文拟回顾从均衡概念的提出至今关于岩石圈强度研究的发展历程,重点从历史角度梳理岩石圈强度研究的沿革脉络、各种方法发展的逻辑关联,并对岩石圈强度与壳幔耦合、岩石圈有效弹性厚度与地震孕震层厚度的关系以及岩石圈有效弹性厚度各向异性等问题进行初步探讨。  相似文献   

煤样渗透率有效应力与基质收缩双重耦合效应及其与煤阶关系     

曹明亮  邓泽  康永尚  李忠城  张兵  秦绍锋  邓志宇  郭明强 《地质论评》2022,68(5):1863-1870

为研究煤层气在排采过程中不同煤阶煤储层渗透率动态变化规律,利用煤岩三轴应力应变（基质收缩膨胀）测试系统,对褐煤、气煤和无烟煤样开展了有效应力与基质收缩双重效应物理模拟实验。固定轴压和围压不变,改变气体平衡压力,模拟开发过程中储层压力变化特征,测试其动态渗透率。利用实验结果,分析了不同煤阶煤岩在排采过程中动态渗透率反弹特征,并对比分析煤岩动态渗透率改善效果的差异性。研究表明：气体平衡压力从5 MPa降至1 MPa过程中,在有效应力和基质收缩双重效应作用下,褐煤样的归一化渗透率依次为1. 00、0. 60、0. 57、0. 57、0. 52,气煤样依次为1.00、0. 64、0. 50、0. 54和0. 55,无烟煤样依次为1.00、0. 74、0. 58、0. 50和0. 56。随气体平衡压力下降,中阶及高阶煤样动态渗透率先下降后上升,整体呈不对称“V”型变化规律,但拐点略有不同;低阶煤样动态渗透率呈先下降后基本稳定的趋势,整体呈斜“L”型变化规律。在有效应力和基质收缩双重效应影响下,中阶及高阶煤样动态渗透率改善效果优于低阶煤样。  相似文献   

南京河西地区地面沉降成因分析     

刘刚  徐成华  施威  李兆  骆祖江 《地质论评》2022,68(4):2022082011-2022082011

为了查明南京河西地区地面沉降的成因,笔者等在系统研究水文地质与工程地质条件的基础上,研究了地面沉降的分布特征和发展规律,以及地面沉降与地下水位、软土分布及建筑荷载之间的关系,进而揭示了南京河西地区地面沉降的成因。研究结果表明：南京河西地区不开采地下水,地面沉降与软土层厚度和建筑荷载分布关系密切,地面沉降主要受建筑工程影响,即建筑荷载和深基坑降水的作用。  相似文献   

松辽盆地南部深层致密砂岩气储层形成机制及成藏主控因素     

张立亚  徐文  沈艳杰 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2022,52(5):1707-1717

为了加快松辽盆地南部（简称松南）深层致密砂岩气勘探开发进程,开展致密砂岩储层形成机制及成藏主控因素研究。通过对松南深层致密砂岩的分析,根据致密砂岩岩性组合特征将已发现的深层致密气类型划分为稳定厚层砂型、砂泥互层型、泥包砂型3种类型,储层物性普遍差,孔隙度多小于6%,渗透率主体<0.10×10^-3 μm²,属于特低孔、特低渗储层。通过对松南典型致密储层矿物成分与微观特征的分析发现,致密砂岩有效储层形成主要受3个方面因素控制：一是早成岩期发育绿泥石包壳,有效抑制成岩中后期粒间钙质胶结、硅质胶结的发生,保护原生残余粒间孔隙;二是富火山岩岩屑溶蚀形成次生孔隙;三是生烃增压产生大量微裂缝,改善储层渗流特征。在此基础上总结出松南致密砂岩气成藏控制因素,即充足气源提供物质基础、斜坡古沟谷与断裂控砂、次生溶蚀与微裂缝控储、断裂活动与稳定盖层控富。  相似文献   

围压-孔压改变条件下致密砂岩及泥页岩泊松比变化特征及机制     

杜书恒  梁耀欢  师永民  关平 《地学前缘》2021,28(1):411-419

在围压(外压)或孔压(内压)发生变化的条件下,致密砂岩及泥页岩泊松比的变化特征及机制仍有待厘清。本研究从Terzaghi有效应力理论和国内学者提出的新有效应力概念出发,基于松辽盆地高台子组致密砂岩、青山口组泥页岩三向动、静态泊松比测定结果,剖析了两类岩石泊松比的变化特征及机制。岩石样品三向泊松比变化曲线的分布呈现显著的各向异性,这将对压裂缝的延展规律产生一定的影响;就“有效应力”概念厘定的科学性而言,“Terzaghi有效应力”适用于裂缝较为发育的储层,而“新有效应力”适用于孔隙度较大且分布较为均匀的泥页岩。结论将为致密油气的有效开发提供较为重要的理论依据。  相似文献   

A methodology for regionalizing 3‐D effective porosity at watershed scale in crystalline aquifers          下载免费PDF全文

Benoît Dewandel  Yvan Caballero  Jérôme Perrin  Alexandre Boisson  Fabrice Dazin  Sylvain Ferrant  Subash Chandra  Jean‐Christophe Maréchal 《水文研究》2017,31(12):2277-2295

An innovative approach for regionalizing the 3‐D effective porosity field is presented and applied to two large, overexploited, and deeply weathered crystalline aquifers located in southern India. The method derives from earlier work on regionalizing a 2‐D effective porosity field in that part of an aquifer where the water table fluctuates, which is now extended over the entire aquifer using a 3‐D approach. A method based on geological and geophysical surveys has also been developed for mapping the weathering profile layers (saprolite and fractured layers). The method for regionalizing 3‐D effective porosity combines water table fluctuation and groundwater budget techniques at various cell sizes with the use of satellite‐based data (for groundwater abstraction), the structure of the weathering profile, and geostatistical techniques. The approach is presented in detail for the Kudaliar watershed (983 km²) and tested on the 730 km² Anantapur watershed. At watershed scale, the effective porosity of the aquifer ranges from 0.5% to 2% in Kudaliar and between 0.3% and 1% in Anantapur, which agrees with earlier works. Results show that (a) depending on the geology and on the structure of the weathering profile, the vertical distribution of effective porosity can be very different and that the fractured layers in crystalline aquifers are not necessarily characterized by a rapid decrease in effective porosity and (b) that the lateral variations in effective porosity can be larger than the vertical ones. These variations suggest that within a same weathering profile, the density of open fractures and/or degree of weathering in the fractured zone may significantly vary from a place to another. The proposed method provides information on the spatial distribution of effective porosity that is of prime interest in terms of flux and contaminant transport in crystalline aquifers. Implications for mapping groundwater storage and scarcity are also discussed, which should help in improving groundwater resource management strategies.  相似文献   

Estimation of poromechanical and thermal conductivity properties of unsaturated isotropically microcracked cement pastes     

Benoît Bary 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2011,35(14):1560-1586

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