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Vetter WALTER 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(7):1086-1096
Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) are analyzed for the dropping-amended soils from the habitats of Antarctic seabirds and seals in Fildes Peninsula and Ardley Island. The concentration ranges are 0.21 to 3.85 ng/g for polychlorinated biphenyls (ΣPCBs),0.09 to 2.01 ng/g for organochlorine pesticides (ΣDDT),and 0.06 to 0.76 ng/g for hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs). Among these,hepata-chlorobiphenyls,hexachlorobiphenyls,p,p′-DDE and α-HCH compounds are dominant. The concentra-tion ranges of ΣPCB,DDT and HCH in the eggs of skuas were 91.9―515.5 ng/g,56.6―304.4 ng/g and 0.5―2.0 ng/g respectively; those in the eggs of penguins were 0.4―0.9 ng/g,2.4―10.3 ng/g and 0.1― 0.4 ng/g; and those in the eggs of giant petrel were 38.1―81.7 ng/g,12.7―53.7 ng/g and 0.5―1.5 ng/g respectively. The dominant POP compounds in the eggs are PCB180,PCB153,p,p′-DDE and hexa-chlorobenzene (HCB). The present study shows that the concentration of POPs in the sea-bird-inhabited-dropping-amended soil varies with the extent of predation and nest occupancy of dif-ferent seabird populations. Statistical analysis on the POP concentrations from the different seabird eggs implies that the difference in the bio-concentration levels of the birds depends on the bio-habits of the species,such as the range of activity,distance of immigration,feeding pattern,and nest occupation. Among these,the most important factor is the location of the seabirds in the food chain and their feeding pattern. This shows that POPs accumulated in the seabirds resulted from the bio-concentration through the food chain. In addtion,210Pb dating for the dropping-amended soils (AD1-a and AD2) was performed,which provided the POP accumulation rate and the historic record for the soil profile. It indicates that POP will continuously affect the Antarctic ecosystem for a long time. 相似文献
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X. D. Liu S. P. Zhao L. G. Sun H. H. Luo X. B. Yin Z. Q. Xie Y. H. Wang K. X. Liu X. H. Wu X. F. Ding D. P. Fu 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2006,36(3):259-279
From a rare freshwater lake characteristic of alkalescence, named “Cattle Pond”, on the Dongdao Island of South China Sea (16°39′–16°41′ N, 112°43′–112°45′ E), we collected two undisturbed sediment cores that contain seabird droppings. In this paper, we determined the concentration-versus-depth profiles of the geochemical elements in the ornithogenic sediment layers of the two cores, analyzed these profiles by various statistical methods, and studied their geochemical characteristics. The concentration profiles of As, Cd, Cu, Se, Zn, P and S are significantly correlated with each other and with loss on ignition (LOI) at 550°C, the measure for the abundance of organic matter. Similar geochemical characteristics, however, were not observed in the upper sediment layer of the Cattle Pond notably affected by cattle excrements, as well as in the bottom sediment layer compositionally dominated by coral sand and gravel. This shows that these “bio-elements” are mainly derived from seabird feces and their geochemical composition is an important geochemical characteristic of the lacustrine ornithogenic sediments. By Q-mode factor analysis (QFA) on the concentration profiles of these bio-elements, we reconstructed the historical seabird population on Dongdao Island between 1350 and 350 year B.P., and observed significant fluctuations in the calculated population. The fluctuations seem to be related to the change of sea surface temperature (SST) in the Southern China Sea. This study provides new paleoenvironmental information of past seabird population changes in low latitude areas using an indirect geochemical method. 相似文献
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Sr/Ca,Mg/Ca:珊瑚岛鸟粪沉积的物源指示计* 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章尝试用Sr/Ca,Mg/Ca比值作物源指示计,区分了珊瑚岛屿受到海鸟粪影响的湖泊沉积物中鸟粪、珊瑚砂、植物这几种主要的环境介质对沉积物的相对贡献,据此恢复1800年来西沙群岛东岛海鸟数量变化和植被演化的历史。结果表明,东岛海鸟数量的变化历史可划分为潜伏期、增长期、稳定期和衰退期4个阶段,历史时期东岛海鸟生态系统的建立和发展与岛屿植被的演变有着密切的联系。研究获得的方法和初步结论为进一步开展西沙岛屿海鸟数量变化、植被演化的广泛对比并探讨与气候变化、人类活动的相互联系提供了基础。 相似文献
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东岛牛塘为目前在西沙群岛少见的淡水湖泊,发育保存完好的沉积物。文章通过对一根长126cm的沉积柱开展多方面的沉积学分析,包括沉积物的岩性特征,反映碳酸盐含量的白度、CaO和LOI950℃以及反映有机质含量的TOC,TN,TS和LOI550℃等地球化学指标随深度的变化特征,沉积物和环境介质的碳、氮同位素的对比分析,沉积物的稀土元素和Sr,F,P,Se等元素地球化学特征。结果认为:该湖泊沉积剖面自上而下可分成3个具有明显不同沉积学特征的沉积单元,其中25～96cm的沉积层明显地受到了海鸟粪的影响。识别出的海鸟粪土沉积层,为进一步研究历史时期岛屿鸟类生态系统和气候演化提供了良好的信息载体。 相似文献
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XU Liqiang LIU Xiaodong SUN Liguang YAN Hong LIU Yi LUO Yuhan HUANG Jing 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(4):957-967
Geochemical characteristics of a 107 cm long sediment profile, collected from Ganquan Island, South China Sea, were analyzed. Based on concentrations of bio-elements (Cu, Zn, Cd, Ba, As, Se, P), 210Pb and AMS14C dating, we reconstructed seabird population of Ganquan Island over the past 2200 years. Seabirds inhabited this island more than 2200 years ago, and their population displayed remarkable fluctuations with two peaks around 2100–1850 yr BP and 900–300 yr BP, respectively. The seabird population change profile on Ganquan Island is similar to that on Dongdao Island over the past 1800 years. We examined the relationship between the seabird population and climate, and found it quite complicated. The seabird population did not reach the maximum during the Medical Warm Period (MWP) with relatively high average temperature; however, it remained near the peak value for about 600 years during the climatic transition period and the Little Ice Age (LIA), indicating that a relatively cool climate is favorable for seabirds on Ganquan Island. 相似文献
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Diet studies of seabirds: a review and recommendations 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
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