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采用膜片钳技术解析了中华绒螯蟹血淋巴细胞表达的大电导钙激活钾通道(BKca),研究了中华绒螯蟹BKca对血淋巴细胞吞噬和杀菌作用的影响,并探讨了其机制.结果表明,当Ca2+浓度在0.3-3.0μmol/L范围时,中华绒螯蟹血淋巴细胞表达的钙激活钾通道的开放表现出明显的钙依赖活性;培养液中游离Ca2+的添加显著增强了血淋巴细胞的杀菌能力和呼吸爆发活性,但对其吞噬率和吞噬指数的影响不显著;在6mmol/L[Ca2+]浓度条件下,加入不同浓度的Kca阻断剂四乙胺(Tetraethylammonium,TEA)后,血淋巴细胞的杀菌能力和呼吸爆发活性均显著降低,但其吞噬率和吞噬指数并未受到影响.这提示钙激活钾通道可能通过间接调节细胞内的钙离子浓度而在血淋巴细胞杀菌过程中发挥重要作用. 相似文献
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Concern has been raised that the increased use of pesticides in intensive aquaculture practices may cause adverse sublethal effects to non-target aquatic species. Azamethiphos is an organophosphate (OP) pesticide used to combat sea lice infestations in farmed salmonids. Here, the sublethal impact on the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, of short term exposure to azamethiphos was determined. The testing regime included biomarkers of exposure (acetylcholinesterase activity), cytotoxicity (neutral red retention), immune function (phagocytic index) and physiological condition (feeding rate). The distribution and sensitivity of M. edulis acetylcholinesterase to inhibition by azamethiphos was first determined, yielding IC(50) values of 0.736 and 1.30 mg l(-1) for gill and haemolymph, respectively. Exposure of mussels to 0.1 mg l(-1) azamethiphos for periods of up to 24h caused a significant reduction in acetylcholinesterase activity in both the haemolymph (P<0.0002) and the gill (P<0.002), alteration in cell viability (P<0.02) and decrease in phagocytic index (P<0.03). The feeding rate remained unaffected. The results support the hypothesis that, in addition to its neurotoxic effects, azamethiphos can modulate haemocyte function and immune defence in M. edulis at environmentally relevant concentrations after only a few hours. 相似文献
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Effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on the immune system of marine mammals are poorly understood. One important innate immune function of granulocytes is the respiratory burst which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) used to kill engulfed microorganisms. The present study investigates in vitro the effects of BDE-47, -99 and -153, on the formation of ROS, on intracellular level of thiols, on activity and efficiency of phagocytosis and on apoptosis in granulocytes of harbour seals. Compounds were tested at four different concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 12 μM. Results showed that ROS levels, thiol levels and phagocytosis were all affected when harbour seal cells were exposed to the highest concentration (12 μM) of PBDE congeners. Apoptosis was not affected by PBDEs. The observed effects were similar in adults, pups and in the 11B7501 cell line of harbour seals. 相似文献
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利用细胞分层液(比重为1.083)进行养殖牙鲆外周血单个核细胞(包括淋巴细胞和单核细胞)的分离、纯化及培养,并采用膜片钳技术观察了单核细胞膜的电生理特征.结果表明,牙鲆外周血单个核细胞在添加PHA(30(u)g/ml)的M199(20?S)培养液中,于25clC塑料培养(Costar,美国)中能够贴壁生长传至6代,存活30天以上.单核细胞呈不规则圆形,细胞长径为(12.30±0.62)μm,短径为(10.29±1.05)μm,并具有较强的吞噬活性,吞噬率(PP)和吞噬指数(PI)分别达到(61.9士3.05)%和1.58±0.51;淋巴细胞多呈圆形或椭圆形,细胞长径为(8.50±0.82)μm,短径为(7.46±1.07)μm,吞噬率和吞噬指数分别达到(42.1±2.33)%和3.17±1.57.膜片钳研究结果表明,牙鲆单核细胞适宜进行膜片钳研究,记录的细胞均表达电压门控钠、钾、钙离子通道. 相似文献
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皱纹盘鲍血细胞吞噬发光的研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
于１９９８年７月从大连碧龙海珍品有限公司购得人工养殖的皱纹盘鲍,运用化学发光法研究在体外条件下利用６种活性氧清除剂ＳＯＤ（超氧化物歧化酶）、ＣＡＴ（过氧化氢酶）、苯甲酸钢和ＤＭＦ（二甲基呋喃）、ＮＢＴ（硝基四唑蓝）及金属螯合济ＥＤＴＡ（乙二胺四乙酸）等试齐对皱纹盘鲍血细胸吞噬活动中化学发光的产生和影响。结果表明,活性氧清除剂对皱纹盘鲍血细胞的吞噬发光都有掏作用,说明皱纹盘鲍血细胞在吞噬活动中能够释 相似文献
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温度骤升对中华绒螯蟹( Eriocheir sinensis) 几种免疫化学指标的影响 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
以中华绒螯蟹为材料，将水体温度从14℃骤然升到28℃，然后在升温后9h内测定中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)的含量以及血细胞的吞噬能力，比较温度变化对这些指标的影响。结果表明，肝胰腺中CAT和SOD的活性在温度升高后马上出现显著降低，在6h后开始趋于稳定；MDA的含量在升温后随时间的延长逐步增加；血细胞的吞噬力和吞噬指数在温度升高后有所增加并于3h时达到最高，然后逐渐下降到温度升高前的水平。该结果表明，温度的骤然升高会影响机体的生理功能和机体的免疫防御能力，导致自由基代谢的紊乱，这可能是诱导病害发生的环境因素之一。 相似文献
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Ocean temperatures are rising throughout the world, making it necessary to evaluate the impact of these temperature changes on sea urchins, which are well-known bioindicators. This study evaluated the effect of an increase in temperature on the immune response of the subtidal Lytechinus variegatus and the intertidal Echinometra lucunter sea urchins. Both species were exposed to 20 (control), 25 and 30 °C temperatures for 24 h, 2, 7 and 14 days. Counting of coelomocytes and assays on the phagocytic response, adhesion and spreading of coelomocytes were performed. Red and colorless sphere cells were considered biomarkers for heat stress. Moreover, a significant decrease in the phagocytic indices and a decrease in both cell adhesion and cell spreading were observed at 25 and 30 °C for L. variegatus. For E. lucunter, the only alteration observed was for the cell proportions. This report shows how different species of sea urchins respond immunologically to rising temperatures. 相似文献
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The Sabaudia's lake consists of a protected coastal lagoon, located in the central Italy, historically characterized by recurrent mortality events of marine fauna during warmer months. A field study was monthly conducted on mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis cultivated inside the lagoon, measuring hemocyte parameters as total circulating count (THC), viability (HV), spreading and oxidative response to in vitro phagocytosis stimulation. A depression of the immune response was observed during the spring season, as indicated by higher values of hemocyte circularity and lower luminescence levels related to respiratory burst, also associated to modulation of THC and HV. The water temperature and the oxygen concentration appeared as the major environmental factors having influence on the phagocytosis activity. Therefore, the hemocyte variations have been intended as early danger signal to evaluate the immunodepression induced by the environmental stressors which could reveal in advance the development of critical situations for mussel survival. 相似文献
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