Hydrodynamic performance of a T-shaped floating breakwater     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

The comprehensive utilization of floating breakwaters, specially acting as a supporting structure for offshore marine renewable energy explorations, has received more and more attention recently. Based on linear water-wave theory, the hydrodynamic performance of a T-shaped floating breakwater is semi-analytically investigated through the matched eigenfunction expansion method (MEEM). Auxiliary functions, to speed up the convergence and improve the accuracy in the numerical computations, are introduced to represent the singular behavior of fluid field near the lower salient corners of the structure. The effects of the height and installation position of the vertical screen on the reflection and transmission coefficients, dynamic response and wave forces are examined. It is found that the presence of the screen shifts the resonance frequency of RAO for both surge and pitch modes to the low-frequency area, while has no effect on heave mode. The identical added masses, damping and transmission coefficients can be obtained in the cases where the screen holds the same distance away from the longitudinal central axis of the upper box-type structure. Moreover, a relatively small pitch response can be achieved in a wide wave–frequency range, when the breakwater is Γ-shaped.  相似文献   

量子无线通信技术在海洋环境监测中的应用     

李浩  任宇辉  刘凤娇 《海洋科学》2018,42(2):94-98

以量子技术为基础,利用光子基本粒子的量子纠缠原理,由量子态携带在线实时海洋环境监测数据信息,构建基于量子无线通信的海洋环境监测系统。该系统在无线通信中可确保数据的安全性、系统性、及时性和准确性,提高信息化和灵活化水平,可为海洋环境规划、环境管理、环境治理等提供全面安全可靠的监测数据。  相似文献   

Chromium Removal through Biosorption and Bioaccumulation by Bacteria from Tannery Effluents Contaminated Soil     

Mohammad Zubair Alam  Shamim Ahmad 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(3):226-237

Four bacterial isolates (two resistant and two sensitive to chromium) were isolated from soil contaminated with tannery effluents at Jajmau (Kanpur), India, and were identified by 16S rDNA gene sequencing as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Exiguobacterium sp., Pantoea sp., and Aeromonas sp. Biosorption of chromium by dried and living biomasses was determined in the resistant and sensitive isolates. The effect of pH, initial metal concentration, and contact time on biosorption was studied. At pH 2.5 the living biomass of chromium resistant isolate Exiguobacterium sp. ZM‐2 biosorbed maximum amount of Cr⁶⁺ (29.8 mg/g) whereas the dried biomass of this isolate biosorbed 20.1 mg/g at an initial concentration of 100 mg/L. In case of chromate sensitive isolates, much difference was not observed in biosorption capacities between their dried and living biomasses. The maximum biosorption of Cr³⁺ was observed at pH 4.5. However, biosorption was identical in resistant and sensitive isolates. The data on chromium biosorption were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model. The biosorption data of Cr⁶⁺ and Cr³⁺ from aqueous solution were better fitted in Langmuir isotherm model compared to Freundlich isotherm model. Metal recovery through desorption was observed better with dried biomasses compared to the living biomasses for both types of chromium ions. Bioaccumulation of chromate was found higher in chromate resistant isolates compared to the chromate sensitive isolates. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the accumulation of chromium in cytoplasm in the resistant isolates.  相似文献   

Hydraulic performance of vertical walls with horizontal slots used as breakwater   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

O.S. Rageh  A.S. Koraim 《Coastal Engineering》2010

The hydrodynamic performance of a vertical wall with permeable lower part (horizontal slots) was experimentally and theoretically studied under normal regular waves. The effect of different wave and structural parameters was investigated e.g. the wave length, the upper part draft, and the lower part porosity. Also, the theoretical model based on an Eigen Function Expansion Method and a Least Square Technique was developed. In order to examine the validity of the theoretical model, the theoretical results were compared with the present experimental results and with the results obtained from different previous studies. Comparison between experiments and predictions showed that the theoretical model provides a good estimate of the wave transmission, reflection, and energy dissipation coefficients when the friction factor f = 5.5. In general, the tested model gives transmission coefficients less than 0.5 and reflection coefficients larger than 0.5 when the relative wave length h/L is larger than 0.3, the relative upper part draft D/h larger than 0.36, and lower part porosity ε less than 0.5. Also, the tested model dissipates about 50% of the incident wave energy when the relative wave length h/L is in the range of 0.25 to 0.35.  相似文献   

晴天地表总辐射和净辐射瞬时值计算方法     

孙治安  刘晶淼  曾宪宁  梁宏 《气象与环境学报》2014,30(2):1-13

以较为精确的大气辐射传输模式为基础,研制出晴天地表总辐射和净辐射瞬时值的计算方案。与以往的经验计算方法不同,该方案将辐射传输带模式的思路引入地面太阳辐射计算,并尽可能将大气中吸收和散射物质对太阳辐射的影响考虑进去,从而使该方法具有较好的精确性和普适性。在此基础上采用了Kokhanovsky等人提出的大气气溶胶反射率和透过率参数化方案,使得气溶胶对地面总辐射和净辐射的影响得到较好的处理。采用的自变量都是数值预报模式或卫星观测能提供的气象要素,因此该方案即可用于数值预报模式或陆面过程模式计算地表辐射平衡,又可以利用卫星观测或再分析资料估算地面太阳能资源分布。利用美国能源部三个大气辐射观测站点2005年全年的观测资料及欧洲宇航局提供的卫星反演气溶胶资料对计算方案进行了检验。结果表明,该方法十分精确,所有点的平均相对误差都小于6%,误差的均方差都小于0.3 W•m^-2。  相似文献   

实际井眼条件下过套管电阻率测井响应的传输线方程正演算法   总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3  

刘福平  高杰  孙宝佃  包德洲  杨长春 《地球物理学报》2007,50(6):1905-1913

过套管电阻率测井通过测量套管壁电势实现测量地层视电阻率，不同的地层模型对过套管电阻率测井会有不同的测井响应. 在传输线方程系数中本文考虑了径向含多个界面地层的影响，对轴向（井轴方向）呈层状、径向阶跃变化地层模型，给出了电势分布递推公式，计算了过套管电阻率测井响应，绘出了测井响应曲线. 算例表明，该方法有较强的轴向地层界面分辨能力；对径向均匀地层计算结果非常接近地层模型电导率，能较好地反映实际地层特征；对高电导地层，低电导水泥环有明显的测井响应；当径向存在多个地层界面时计算结果则为径向各层电导率的综合反映，不是某一径向层的电导率；算例显示该方法有较快（算例运行时间在1s内）的计算速度.  相似文献   

青藏直流线路冻土地基监测研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

俞祁浩  温智  丁燕生  王国尚  李国玉  张建明 《冰川冻土》2012,34(5):1165-1172

青藏交直流联网工程是继青藏公路、 青藏铁路等之后, 在青藏高原多年冻土区建设的另一种新结构的冻土工程. 系统地分析了青藏直流线冻土工程与其它工程的差异, 并就该工程冻土基础温度、 水分、 应力和应变监测系统的建立和观测要素, 以及初步观测结果等问题进行了讨论. 通过对2011年全年观测数据分析发现, 整个监测系统可以准确、 及时反映输电线路冻土基础的不同性状和特征, 可以反映影响塔基稳定性的主要因素及其变化趋势. 初步观测结果表明, 在不同时段, 监测塔式基础底部总体处于冻结状态、 塔基基本稳定, 但个别监测塔基地温增温幅度、 上限融化深度较大, 沉降变形呈现增加趋势. 鉴于工程完工和荷载作用的时效性, 塔基稳定性应处于动态变化过程之中. 为正确评价塔基稳定性, 需要对塔基回填土的冻融、 水热变化和塔基变形等重要过程进行长期监测研究.  相似文献   

一种地温传感器及其在大地震临震前兆监测中的应用     

王腾  王新安  雍珊珊  谢峥  郭朝阳  林科 《华南地震》2014,(1):33-37

介绍了地球内部温度异常与地震孕育和发生的关系以及地温异常在地震预测中的应用,分析了现有的地温测量传感技术,提出了一种用于大地震临震前兆监测的深层地温传感器,描述了基于该传感器进行大地震临震前兆监测的方法和系统架构,使得结合其他手段进行地震三要素预测成为可能。  相似文献   

新疆防震减灾中心通讯网络系统集成与应用          下载免费PDF全文

史勇军  陈述新 《地震工程学报》2010,32(4):399-404

根据新疆防震减灾中心信息网络平台建设实际需求和设计要求,对中心的通信网络、传输信道等资源进行了整体优化集成设计。系统集成实施后信息网络平台传输可靠、性能稳定,达到了在速率、技术、资金等方面的优化,提高了网络系统运行的安全性和稳定性。  相似文献   

用传输线模型法计算非均匀介质中的电场响应          下载免费PDF全文

杜兴忠  曹俊兴 《地球物理学进展》2008,23(1):73-81

介绍了一种非均介质中电场响应的数值模拟方法.传输线模型法是以惠更斯原理为基础,通过建立麦克斯韦方程中电场和磁场与传输线方程中电压和电流的等效关系,按时间步进的办法来模拟电磁场响应的一种电磁场数值计算方法.从一维介质中电场传播的物理过程出发,导出了点电流源情形下地质介质中电场响应迭代方程;编程计算了非均匀介质中的电场响应,其结果表明,用这种方法对非均匀介质中的电场响应进行数值模拟是行之有效的.  相似文献