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海湾扇贝养殖群体遗传多样性的研究 总被引：13，自引：4，他引：13
用等位基因酶的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,研究了大连沿岸不同生态环境条件下的大李家湾低排筏、大李家湾高排筏、凌水桥、棋盘磨4个海湾扇贝养殖群体的遗传多样性.在4个群体的7种等位基因酶和闭壳肌蛋白中均检测到了22个基因位点,各群体的多态位点比例分别为22.73%,22.73%,22.73%,18.18%(P≤0.95)和27.27%,27.27%,31.82%,36.36%(P≤0.99);杂合度观测值分别为0.064,0.071,0.075,0.069;Hardy-Weinberg平衡偏离指数分别为-0.068,-0.020,-0.032,-0.050;近交系数分别为0.568,0.565,0.487,0.550;位点等位基因有效数分别为1.102,1.109,1.143,1.122;遗传变异综合评价指数分别为0.0060,0.0071,0.0088,0.0073.海湾扇贝养殖群体遗传多样性总体水平较低,但在这4个群体中,凌水桥群体的遗传多样性水平最高,大李家湾高排筏和棋盘磨群体的遗传多样性水平较高,大李家湾低排筏群体遗传多样性水平最低. 相似文献
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基于微卫星标记的三疣梭子蟹家系系谱认证 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用6个微卫星标记对三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)的6个家系进行系谱鉴别和遗传多样性研究。6个微卫星标记在6个家系中显示了高度的遗传差异,6个位点的多态信息含量(PIC)分别为Pot09位点0.6045,Pot14位点0.6072,Pot17位点0.8130,Pot18位点0.6870,Pot25位点0.7839,Pot42位点0.6330。6个多态性位点共发现了32个等位基因,每个位点的等位基因数在4～8个之间。不同位点共发现7个家系特异性等位基因,2#和3#家系中各发现2个,1#、5#、6#家系中各发现1个,4#家系未发现特异性等位基因。根据已知亲本及子代基因型,可推断出6个家系中全部亲本的基因型,据此鉴别各家系。在Pot18位点可将1#家系和6#家系与其他家系相区别;Pot14位点和Pot17位点可将3#家系与其他家系相区别;Pot42位点可将5#与其他家系相区别;Pot17位点和Pot25可将2#家系与其他家系相区别。因此,Pot18位点、Pot14位点和Pot17位点、Pot42位点、Pot17位点和Pot25位点可分别用于鉴别1#和6#家系、3#、5#、2#家系的特异性标记。研究表明,在选用的6个微卫星标记中,最少选用3个标记可鉴别6个三疣梭子蟹家系。 相似文献
3.
Inheritance of 15 microsatellites in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas： segregation and null allele identification for linkage analysis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Microsatellites were screened in a backcross family of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Fifteen microsatellite loci were distinguishable and polymorphic with 6 types of allele-combinations. Null alleles were detected in 46.7% of loci, accounting for 11.7% of the total alleles. Four loci did not segregate in Mendelian Ratios. Three linkage groups were identified among 7 of the 15 segregating loci. Fluorescence-based automated capillary electrophoresis (ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer) that used to detect the microsatellite loci, has been proved a fast, precise, and reliable method in microsatellite genotyping. 相似文献
4.
Microsatellites were screened in a backcross family of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Fifteen microsatellite loci were distinguishable and polymorphic with 6 types of allele-combinations. Null alleles were
detected in 46.7% of loci, accounting for 11.7% of the total alleles. Four loci did not segregate in Mendelian Ratios. Three
linkage groups were identified among 7 of the 15 segregating loci. Fluorescence-based automated capillary electrophoresis
(ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer) that used to detect the microsatellite loci, has been proved a fast, precise, and reliable method
in microsatellite genotyping.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO.40730845, 39825121) 相似文献
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Chunmei Li Xubo Wang Quanqi Zhang Zhigang Wang Jie Qi Qilin Yi Zhipeng Liu Yanan Wang Haiyang Yu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(1):32-44
Major histocompatibility complex class II antigens are important in vertebrate immune system.In the present study,the full cDNA sequence of class II A gene was synthesized by RACE-PCR from half-smooth tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis),and its open reading frame(ORF) polymorphism was studied.The whole cDNA sequence was 992 bp in length,including the ORF with 717 bp.Twenty-five alleles were identified and clustered into two distinct groups according to the specific nucleotides/amino acids in specific positions.Eleven alleles belonged to Cyse-DAA while fourteen alleles belonged to Cyse-DBA.Four Cyse-DAA alleles were observed in one individual,and three to five Cyse-DBA alleles were observed in each of the three detected individuals,which indicated that at least two loci existed in each gene.Moreover,in order to study the function of the alleles in resistance to infection,200 individuals were intraperitoneally injected with Vibrio anguillarum and the first 20 dead individuals and 20 surviving ones were selected for genotype analysis.Fifty-six alleles were identified among the 40 individuals.Twenty-nine alleles belonged to Cyse-DAA and the other 27 alleles belonged to Cyse-DBA.Eighteen alleles were selected for studying their function in resistance to infection.Alleles Cyse-DAA*0201,Cyse-DAA*1101,Cyse-DBA*0401,Cyse-DBA*1102,Cyse-DBA*1801 and Cyse-DBA*2201 were identi-fied only in surviving individuals,while alleles Cyse-DAA*0901,Cyse-DBA*1101 and Cyse-DBA*1401 occurred more frequently in dead individuals.This study confirmed the existence and polymorphism of two class II A genes as well as the relationship between alleles of class II A genes and disease susceptibility/resistance in half-smooth tongue sole. 相似文献
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用垂直凝胶电泳来研究采自中国的（条斑紫菜×坛紫菜）杂交种、坛紫菜、条斑紫菜、少精紫菜、半叶紫菜的同工酶多态性。然后分析最小可能位点数和观察同位基因数、遗传差异性和采用平均连接聚类法。选取23种酶带中的六个酶（MDH，ME，LDH，GDH，IDH和G-6-PDH）进行分析。最小可能等位基因位点数显示五种紫菜在ME等位基因位点都只有一个。LDH和GDH等位基因位点半叶紫菜和少精紫菜和另外的三种紫菜不同，而在分析MDH时半叶紫菜比较独特。在IDH位点分析时少精紫菜和坛紫菜和其他三种不同，而条斑紫菜和坛紫菜和其他三种不同在G-6-PDH位点不一致。总的来看，最小可能等位基因位点数分析半叶紫菜是最分离的。遗传多样性结果分析表明当遗传相似度为0．7550时，五种紫菜中的遗传变异研究受到限制。条斑紫菜和坛紫菜的杂交种非常接近少精紫菜。当遗传相似度达到0．8937时，出乎意料的是条斑紫菜和坛紫菜遗传同一。性很低。条斑紫菜4个株系的平均遗传相似度仅为0．7428，差异比较大。在所有紫菜中半叶紫菜是最分化的分支，它与最小可能等位基因位点数分析一致。 相似文献
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文蛤三个野生种群的生化遗传变异 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶垂直平板电泳检测和比较了广东电白、南三和广西北海三个文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)野生群体9种同工酶24个基因座位的生化遗传变异。结果表明,三个群体的平均杂合度观察值分别为0.291,0.251和0.290,多态位点比例(P0.95)分别为37.5%,37.5%和41.6%,位点平均有效等位基因数分别为1.476,1.419和1.479,各群体在多个位点上都存在杂合子缺失现象。比较了三个群体之间的遗传相似度(I)和遗传距离(D),其中电白与南三群体间的遗传分歧极微,它们与北海群体间的遗传分歧稍明显,三群体基因分化系数为0.035,预示三地间有着较强的基因流。 相似文献
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基于核基因组标记的群体遗传学研究中的数学分析方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近些年来,各种数学分析方法被广泛的应用于群体遗传学的研究中。然而,对这些数学分析方法的应用缺乏统一的认识,某些研究甚至存在着误用、乱用等现象。对近些年来基于核基因组标记的群体遗传学研究中主要采用的数学分析方法进行了系统的归纳整理,明晰了它们的适用条件和范围。同时,也综述了显性分子标记中对隐性等位基因频率估算的研究进展以及常用的群体遗传学分析软件包含的主要数学分析方法,对合理应用这些参数和软件进行群体遗传学分析具有指导意义。 相似文献
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利用尼龙膜吸附杂交法构建了海湾扇贝的(AC)_(15)、(AG)_(15)微卫星富集文库,随机挑取3 000个克隆,经菌落原位杂交二次筛选共获得阳性克隆1 268个(42.3%).经序列测定和生物信息学分析后得到521个独立的阳性克隆,其中微卫星506个,小卫星15个.微卫星中,完美型248个,占总数的49.0%;非完美型216个,占42.7%;复合型42个,占8.3%;其中AG/TC重复占70.4%(356个),AC/TG重复29.6%(150个).选择其中的55条序列设计引物,筛选出其中的20对引物检测它们在海湾扇贝CC10家系的双亲和94个子代个体中的分离情况,结果表明:(1) 其中6个位点在母本和子代中发生分离,10个位点在父本和子代中发生分离,4个为双亲共享位点;(2) 2个位点存在无效等位基因;(3) 16个位点符合孟德尔遗传定律,4个位点的子代个体基因型频率偏离孟德尔遗传定律.上述结果表明,这些微卫星引物可以用于构建海湾扇贝的遗传连锁图谱,并且所构建的富集文库适用于微卫星标记的大规模开发. 相似文献