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鄱阳湖环湖区生态系统服务价值时空变化及权衡协同关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于修订的当量因子表,结合1988—2020年7期土地利用数据,运用GIS数据处理和空间分析等方法探究了鄱阳湖环湖区生态系统服务价值的时空演变特征,同时引入生态系统服务权衡协同度模型对食物生产、水文调节、土壤保持等7项生态服务功能进行权衡与协同分析。结果表明：① 1988—2020年鄱阳湖环湖区生态系统服务价值从577.95亿元增至592.50亿元,呈先增后减再增的波动变化特征。② 生态系统服务价值的空间分布表现为明显的不均衡性,ESV显著减少的区域为南昌市区、九江市区以及其它各区县的城镇建成区,生态系统服务价值增加的区域均匀分布在研究区东北和西北地区以及靠近研究区外侧的东南和西南地区。③ 协同关系为生态系统服务之间的主导关系,权衡关系较少且主要存在于食物生产与其他服务之间。 相似文献
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以香格里拉普达措国家公园为研究区,借助SolVES模型和InVEST模型,分别度量其社会价值（美学价值、文化价值、游憩价值）和生态价值（生境质量、碳储量、水源供给）的空间特征,并运用双变量空间自相关分析对二者空间权衡与协同关系进行研究。研究表明：① 社会价值的高值区呈“多核心,多条状”的空间格局,社会价值指数高达8.6（该指数介于1~10）,且距水体的距离越近对社会价值的贡献越大（贡献度为45.9%）;② 生态价值良好及优的空间范围占园区面积的1/2（49.91%）,主要位于原始森林保存良好的碧塔海片区和尼汝东北部扎诺一带;③ 社会价值与生态价值之间存在显著的空间依赖性,其中社会价值低,生态价值高的区域是园区最主要的空间聚集特征。该研究可为生态系统服务的可持续管理决策提供科学依据,以及有助于完善基于生态系统服务的社会?生态系统分析理论框架。 相似文献
3.
The purpose of this paper is to explore the trade-offs and synergies of multifunctional cultivated land (MCL) at multiple scales. The study area is Wuhan Metropolitan Area, China. The entropy method and the method of Spearman's rank correlation were employed for the analysis of combined land use/cover data, administrative division data, population data and statistical yearbook data, from the multi-scale perspectives of cities, counties and townships. The results showed that: (1) The multi-functionality of cultivated land had obvious spatial differences and its overall spatial patterns were relatively robust, which did not change very much at the single scale. (2) At each single scale, the MCL's trade-offs and synergies had spatial heterogeneity. (3) Scale effects existed in the MCL's trade-offs and synergies. From the prefecture-level city scale, to the county scale, and to the township scale, the MCL's trade-offs were changed to synergies, and some synergic relationships were enhanced. This article contributes to the literature by deepening the multiscale analysis of trade-offs and synergies of multifunctional cultivated land. The conclusions might provide a basis for helping policy-makers to implement protection measures for the multi-functionality of cultivated land at the right spatial scale, and to promote the higher-level synergies of multifunctional cultivated land to realize its sustainable use. 相似文献
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基于改进Markov-CA模型的黄土高原土地利用多情景模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
土地利用/覆被的时空变化研究能为区域生态环境恢复和生态系统集成管理提供科学支持。集成Logistic回归模型、改进的Markov与FLUS模型模拟黄土高原2020—2050年3种典型情景土地利用变化。发现各情景土地利用面积变化及空间置换转移主要集中在农用地、草地和城镇用地;历史趋势延续情景下农用地减少15 205 km2,草地、城镇用地分别增加2742 km2和16 007 km2;生态保育管护情景中草地增加7076 km2,林草用地增长存在权衡关系（r主要林地-草地=-0.66）,在典型区域的生态恢复管理中应加以重视;城镇发展建设情景中农用地减少20 256 km2,城镇用地增加22 032 km2,变化均达到极值,其中,南部城镇扩张与农用地减少存在强权衡关系（r农用地-城镇用地=-1）。改进的Markov-FLUS模型适用于黄土高原地区的土地利用模拟,情景分析可有效揭示区域生态保护与城镇扩张的阈值变化,为区域土地利用政策权衡管理和水土保育提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Pesticide use by farmers on Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos—a perceived adaptation to changing ecological and economic dynamics—has the potential to lead to environmental degradation in an area that is known and valued worldwide for its biodiversity. We survey Santa Cruz farmers to understand motivations for and concerns about pesticide use on the island. Results from farmer surveys are supplemented with interview data to develop the case study of pesticide use on Santa Cruz Island. We then apply a “complex trade-off” framework to explore and navigate the tensions between conservation and livelihoods. We conclude by elaborating the implementation of a participatory certification system, the Participatory Guarantee System, as a possible path for reconciling trade-offs in Santa Cruz, Galapagos. 相似文献
6.
生态系统服务权衡研究进展：从认知到决策 总被引：27，自引：5，他引：22
作为沟通自然生态系统与人类社会的重要桥梁,生态系统服务一直以来都是地理学、生态学等学科的研究前沿和热点。正确认知生态系统服务之间的关系,是开展多种生态系统服务可持续管理决策的前提,有助于人类福祉的全面提升。本文通过厘定生态系统服务权衡的概念内涵,梳理了生态系统服务权衡的空间、时间和可逆性特征,将多层次人类福祉的满足作为权衡的最终目标,视生态补偿为权衡决策的基本保障途径。生态系统服务权衡关系的识别依托于定量指标法和综合模型法,且权衡关系可能随时空尺度的推移发生改变;情景分析与多目标分析是生态系统服务权衡决策的有效手段。生态系统服务权衡多尺度关联、生态系统服务流与远程耦合、生态系统服务消费与生态补偿,成为当前生态系统服务权衡研究的重点方向。 相似文献
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Revealing ecosystem services relationships and their driving factors for five basins of Beijing 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A clear understanding of the relationships among multiple ecosystem services(ESs) is the foundation for sustainable urban ecosystem management. Quantitatively identifying the factors that influence ES trade-offs and synergies can contribute to deepening ES research, from knowledge building to decision making. This study simulated soil conservation, water yield and carbon sequestration in Beijing, China, from 2015–2018. The spatial trade-offs and synergies of these three ESs within the five major river basins in Beijing were explored using geographically weighted regression. Furthermore, geographical detector was applied to quantitatively identify the driving mechanism of the environmental factors for the ES trade-offs and synergies. The results show the following:(1) the spatial relationships between soil conservation and water yield, as well as between water yield and carbon sequestration, were mainly trade-offs. There was a spatial synergy between soil conservation and carbon sequestration.(2) Regarding the spatial trade-off/synergy between soil conservation and water yield in Beijing, the dominant influencing factor was temperature/elevation, and the dominant interactions of the spatial trade-off and synergy between these two ESs in Beijing and the Chaobai River Basin are all manifested in the superposition of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration, temperature, and elevation.(3) Topographic factors were the dominant factors influencing the spatial relationship between soil conservation and carbon sequestration in Beijing and its five major river basins. As a result of the distribution of water systems and hydrological characteristics of the basins, differences were observed in the effects of different combinations of interaction factors on the spatial relationship between these two ESs in different basins.(4) Temperature had the strongest explanatory power in terms of the spatial trade-offs and synergies between water yield and carbon sequestration. The interactions between precipitation and temperature and between precipitation and elevation were the dominant interactions affecting the spatial relationship between water yield and carbon sequestration in Beijing. Overall, the explanatory power of influencing factors on the trade-offs and synergies and the degree of interaction between factors coexist in different basins with consistency and differences. Therefore, understanding the quantitative characteristics of basin-scale spatial trade-offs and synergies between ESs is important for ecosystem management and the promotion of synergy in different basins. 相似文献
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基于多源地理数据融合的黑河中游土地多功能性时空格局与权衡研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土地多功能利用是提高土地利用效率、缓解人地矛盾、促进区域可持续发展的重要途径。研究构建了“生产-生活-生态”功能的土地多功能性评价指标体系,基于3 km×3 km格网,融合了遥感、统计、POI等多源地理数据,利用投影寻踪模型对黑河中游土地多功能性进行评价,通过变量相关分析和双变量局部空间自相关分析,揭示了土地多功能权衡与协同关系,并采用RGB三通道合成与二阶聚类分析相结合进行土地功能分区。结果表明:(1)黑河中游在不同利用方式下呈现不同功能,在走廊平原区土地功能以生产功能为主导,生活功能和生态功能为辅。生产功能在走廊绿洲农业区优势明显,生活功能高值区集中于城镇等基础设施条件较好的地区,祁连山、龙首山发挥着生态屏障作用。(2)研究时段内,土地多功能性稳中增强。土地多功能性与一级功能的空间格局保持稳定,土地功能间协调性普遍增强,不同功能在空间上日益重叠。(3)按照主导利用方向,土地可划分为以农业生产与城镇空间为主体的重点开发区、优化开发区和适度开发区,以及以生态空间为主的生态屏障区、生态缓冲区和生态修复区。(4)土地多功能利用仍有提升空间,尤其要加强对非主导功能的关注,协调功能间的固有矛盾;统筹推进生态修复,关注自然资本增值,从构建区域绿水青山的格局挖掘土地价值新的增长点。 相似文献
10.
“土地分离和共享框架”是协调物质生产和生态保护、促进土地可持续利用的重要理论。本文梳理了“土地分离与共享框架”和生态系统服务间关联,剖析生态系统服务应用于该框架的理论基础,结合美国典型土地共享案例,分析了土地利用策略选择对粮食生产、生物多样性、直接和间接生态系统服务的影响,并探讨了该框架对中国生态系统工程的启示。结果表明：随着人类对土地功能认知的不断深入,“土地分离与共享框架”的拓展表现为从单一的粮食供给服务需求演进到粮食供给服务和其他生态系统服务的综合需求。当粮食供给服务与其他服务处于权衡状态时,在生态脆弱、恢复力差的地区,不同生态系统服务间多处于凸权衡关系,一般适宜采用分离策略;在生态系统稳定、恢复力强的地区,不同生态系统服务多处于凹权衡关系,一般适宜采用共享策略。结合美国典型土地共享案例发现,其土地利用实践中选择土地功能共享策略是比较适宜的;生态系统服务作为政策评估工具,可在策略选择和评估实施效果中发挥一定作用。研究结果可为可持续土地利用提供理论与方法支撑,并为中国制定土地利用策略提供参考。 相似文献