Social and economic consequences of 40 years of Dutch quota management |
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| Institution: | 1. Agribusiness Program, Division of Agricultural Sciences, CAFS, Florida A&M University, USA;2. Department of Economics and Finance, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain;3. Social Science Research Group, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, USA;1. Univ Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, UMR 6308, AMURE, IUEM, 29280 Plouzané, France;2. Ifremer, Univ Brest, CNRS, UMR 6308, AMURE, Unité d''Economie Maritime, IUEM, F-29280 Plouzané, France;1. Institute of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Section for Environment and Natural Resources, Rolighedsvej 25, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;2. National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Charlottenlund Castle, 2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark;3. Socio-Economic Marine Research Unit (SEMRU), J.E. Cairnes School of Business and Economics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland;4. Fishor Consulting, Portsmouth, UK;5. Institute of Economic Studies, University of Iceland, Oddi by Sturlugata, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland;1. Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;2. School of Economics and Finance, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 85, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia |
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| Abstract: | The Netherlands was one of the first nations to introduce ITQs in their fisheries to manage national yearly Total Allowable Catches (TACs). These ITQs have gradually developed from an individual quota system in 1976 to an ITQ system in the 1980s. In 1993 the system was reformed into a co-management system. In this paper it is argued that many of the usual negative socio-economic consequences of ITQs mentioned in the literature have been largely absent, due to the embeddedness of ITQs in co-management arrangements. However, cracks have appeared lately in this combined management system, allowing an identification of its vulnerabilities. These findings show that the social and economic structure of Dutch fisheries is changing from a rather cooperative to a more competitive and exclusive system, more like conventional ITQs. |
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| Keywords: | ITQs Co-management Dutch fisheries policy Social change Economic change |
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