Groundwater salinization in Pico Island (Azores, Portugal): origin and mechanisms |
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| Authors: | J V Cruz M O Silva |
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| Institution: | Department of Geosciences, University of the Azores, Rua da M?e de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal e-mail: jvc@alf.uac.pt, PT
Department of Geology and Center of Geology, University of Lisbon Bloco C2, 5° Piso, 1700 Lisbon, Portugal, PT
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| Abstract: | A hydrogeochemical survey was conducted on Pico Island (Azores archipelago) in order to evaluate the groundwater chemistry
patterns and the main mineralization processes. Samples were from cold waters and corresponded mainly to sodium chloride type.
Conductivity measurements were ∼82–9790 μS/cm and suggest the existence of highly mineralized waters. In fact, 18% had a conductivity
>5130 μS/cm and the total dissolved solid (TDS) value for two of the wells was from the brackish water range. The changes
in groundwater composition are because of two main processes: (1) silicate mineral dissolution, especially in a few springs
located at high altitude and (2) water salinization in the coastal area, as a result of saltwater intrusion and sea-salt spraying.
The salinization process corresponds to a binary mixing system, as suggested by the chloride and δ18O data, and explains the sharp concentration increase in major and minor species detected in several wells.
Received: 23 July 1999 · Accepted: 8 December 1999 |
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| Keywords: | Coastal aquifers Groundwater?quality Hydrochemistry Salinization |
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