Metals content in sediments of ephemeral streams with small reservoirs(the Negev Desert) |
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| Institution: | 1. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Research Station in Szymbark, 38-311 Szymbark 430, Poland;2. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Department Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Department of Geoenvironmental Research, ?w. Jana 22, 31-018 Kraków, Poland;3. The Jan Kochanowski University, Institute of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;4. Bar-Ilan University, Department of Geography and Environment, Ramat-Gan, 5290002 Israel;1. Department of Civil & Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43600, Malaysia;2. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technical University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore;1. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (CONICET). Avenue Vélez Sarsfield 1611, Córdoba, Argentina;2. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Ingeniero Agrónomo Félix Aldo Marrone 746, Córdoba, Argentina;3. INFIQC, Departament of Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Haya de La Torre and Medina Allende, Córdoba, Argentina;4. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403–1st Avenue South, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada;5. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada;1. School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;2. School of the Built Environment, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK;3. Department of Geography and Planning, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK;4. Department of Geography, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK;1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Al. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow, 30-059, Poland;2. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, Al. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow, 30-059, Poland;3. Matej Bel University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tajovskeho 40, Banská Bystrica, 97401, Slovakia;1. Industry-Academia Collaboration Foundation, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baejedae-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea;2. Center for Jeongeup Industry-Academy Cooperation, Chonbuk National University, 9 Cheomdan-ro, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | The content of 19 metals(chromium,cobalt,nickel,strontium,arsenic,magnesium,barium,cesium,gallium,rubidium,uranium,vanadium,zinc,lead,copper,cadmium,iron,manganese,and aluminum) in sediment in three ephemeral streams(Nahal Sansana,Nahal Revivim and Nahal Pura) with reservoirs in the Negev Desert is studied herein.The study was done in September 2016.The samples were collected from the surface layer of sediment(up to 10 cm) in the reservoirs and in the channels upstream and downstream of the reservoirs.Silt,which on average,accounted for 72% dominated in the sediment.In the spatial distribution of the particle size,sand and gravel fractions were deposited in the reservoirs.Aluminum,iron,and magnesium accounted for 99% of all analyzed metals.The Principal Component Analysis(PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis(HCA) showed that sediment in the Negev Desert channel upstream of the reservoirs had similar concentrations of metals.Similarities were also found between the analyzed reservoirs.The bottom sediment in reservoirs had higher concentrations of metals than sediment upstream and downstream of the reservoirs.The comparison of concentrations in upstream and downstream locations did not show any unambiguous trends because metal concentrations downstream from the reservoirs were not always lower than upstream of the reservoirs.The analysis of the sediment enrichment factor(EF) showed the highest value in the reservoirs and the lowest downstream of the reservoirs.The concentrations of most analyzed metals did not indicate the possibility of potential ecological risk(SQG). |
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| Keywords: | Metal content Sediment Reservoir Arid zone Israel |
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