| Evaluation of Snow Depth and Snow Cover Fraction Simulated by Two Versions of the Flexible Global Ocean–Atmosphere–Land System Model简 |
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| 作者姓名： | XIA Kun WANG Bin LI Lijuan SHEN Si HUANG Wenyu XU Shiming DONG Li and LIU Li |
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| 基金项目： | supported by the Key Projects in the National Science &; Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period (Grant No. 2012BAC22B02);the National Key Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CB956603);the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2013CBA01805) |
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| 摘 要： | Based on historical runs,one of the core experiments of the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project （CMIP5）,the snow depth （SD） and snow cover fraction （SCF） simulated by two versions of the Flexible Global OceanAtmosphere-Land System （FGOALS） model,Grid-point Version 2 （g2） and Spectral Version 2 （s2）,were validated against observational data.The results revealed that the spatial pattern of SD and SCF over the Northern Hemisphere （NH） are simulated well by both models,except over the Tibetan Plateau,with the average spatial correlation coefficient over all months being around 0.7 and 0.8 for SD and SCF,respectively.Although the onset of snow accumulation is captured wellby the two models in terms of the annual cycle of SD and SCF,g2 overestimates SD/SCF over most mid-and high-latitude areas of the NH.Analysis showed that g2 produces lower temperatures than s2 because it considers the indirect effects of aerosols in its atmospheric component,which is the primary driver for the SD/SCF difference between the two models.In addition,both models simulate the significant decreasing trend of SCF well over （30°-70°N） in winter during the period 1971-94.However,as g2 has a weak response to an increase in the concentration of CO2 and lower climate sensitivity,it presents weaker interannual variation compared to s2.
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| 关 键 词： | 积雪深度 模式模拟 陆地系统 大气成分 覆盖度 版本 模型 全球海洋 |
Evaluation of snow depth and snow cover fraction simulated by two versions of the flexible global ocean-atmosphere-land system model |
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| XIA Kun,WANG Bin,LI Lijuan,SHEN Si,HUANG Wenyu,XU Shiming,DONG Li,and LIU Li.Evaluation of snow depth and snow cover fraction simulated by two versions of the flexible global ocean-atmosphere-land system model[J].Advances in Atmospheric Sciences,2014,31(2):407-420. |
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| Authors: | Kun Xia Bin Wang Lijuan Li Si Shen Wenyu Huang Shiming Xu Li Dong Li Liu |
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| Institution: | 1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center of Earth System Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
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| Abstract: | Based on historical runs, one of the core experiments of the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), the snow depth (SD) and snow cover fraction (SCF) simulated by two versions of the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (FGOALS) model, Grid-point Version 2 (g2) and Spectral Version 2 (s2), were validated against observational data. The results revealed that the spatial pattern of SD and SCF over the Northern Hemisphere (NH) are simulated well by both models, except over the Tibetan Plateau, with the average spatial correlation coefficient over all months being around 0.7 and 0.8 for SD and SCF, respectively. Although the onset of snow accumulation is captured well by the two models in terms of the annual cycle of SD and SCF, g2 overestimates SD/SCF over most mid- and high-latitude areas of the NH. Analysis showed that g2 produces lower temperatures than s2 because it considers the indirect effects of aerosols in its atmospheric component, which is the primary driver for the SD/SCF difference between the two models. In addition, both models simulate the significant decreasing trend of SCF well over (30°-70°N) in winter during the period 1971–94. However, as g2 has a weak response to an increase in the concentration of CO2 and lower climate sensitivity, it presents weaker interannual variation compared to s2. |
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| Keywords: | snow depth snow cover fraction FGOALS-s FGOALS-g |
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