Subsidies to tuna fisheries in the Western Central Pacific Ocean |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Fisheries Economics Research Unit, Fisheries Centre, The University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z4, Canada;2. Pew Charitable Trusts, Washington, DC, United States;1. Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC), PO Box 1011, Le Chantier Mall, Victoria, Seychelles;2. IOTC Consultant, 7 Van Diemen Street, Nelson, New Zealand;3. School for Marine Science & Technology, University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth, New Bedford, MA 02744, USA;1. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional SN, Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, México;2. Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al Sur KM 5.5., Apartado Postal 19-, B, C.P., 23080 La Paz, Baja California Sur, México;3. Management, control and bioeconomic analysis area, Benchmark Genetics Chile, Santa Rosa 560 office 25 B, Puerto Varas, Chile;4. Universidad de Vigo, Departamento de Economía Aplicada, ERENEA-ECOBAS, 36310 Vigo, Spain;5. The University of British Columbia, Fisheries Economics Research Unit, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;1. Australian Centre for Pacific Islands Research and Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia;2. National Fisheries College, National Fisheries Authority, Kavieng, Papua New Guinea;3. School of Science & Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland 4556, Australia;4. Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa;1. Nereus Program & OceanCanada, The University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, Canada V6K1J5;2. Fisheries Economics Research Unit, The University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Fisheries Centre, Vancouver, Canada V6K1J5;3. Gulf of California Program, WWF Mexico, World Wildlife Fund, Inc., Álvaro Obregón 1665, La Paz, BCS 23000, Mexico;4. Enviromental Economics Research Center, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al Sur km 5.5, La Paz, BCS 23080, Mexico;1. Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, La Jolla, CA, United States;2. Ecological Modeling Services and University of Queensland, Australia |
| |
| Abstract: | Tuna fisheries in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean are among the most valuable resources in the region. These fisheries, worth an estimated $4.1 billion each year, play a pivotal role in supporting incomes and development goals in the region. However, due to the twin, and potentially inter-related effects of harmful fishing practices such as the use of fish aggregating devices, overcapacity, and fisheries subsidies, many of these tuna fisheries are currently at risk of over-exploitation—putting the livelihoods of countless local fishers at risk. This study finds that government fisheries subsidies in the region represent 37% of the ex-vessel value of tuna fisheries in the region. Fuel subsidies are estimated at US$ 335 million and non-fuel subsidies are estimated at US$ 1.2 billion for the year 2009. Developed countries are responsible for more than half of the subsidies spent in the predominantly developing region, underlying the fact that the majority of tuna value extracted from the national waters of developing countries in the region benefit larger, developed countries. The total resource rent, or return to society, from tuna fisheries, once adjusted for subsidies is a net negative US$750 million in 2009. Fisheries subsidies are enabling foreign fleets to operate at sub-market rates, putting local fleets out of competition for their own fishery resources. |
| |
| Keywords: | Fisheries subsidies Western Central Pacific Ocean Overfishing |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
