Imposex in the rock shell, Thais clavigera, as evidence of organotin contamination in the marine environment of Korea |
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| Authors: | Shim W J Kahng S H Hong S H Kim N S Kim S K Shim J H |
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| Institution: | Chemical Oceanography Division, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Ansan PO Box 29, Seoul 425-600, South Korea. wjshim@sari.kordi.re.kr |
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| Abstract: | Imposex was measured in the rock shell, Thais clavigera, from the coast of the Korean peninsula. Frequency of imposex was 0% at two reference sites, but at 47 out of 61 sites, frequency of imposex was recorded as 100%. The degree of imposex was relatively high at the sites near a harbor and a shipyard. Tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) concentrations in T. clavigera ranged from 5 to 508 ng/g and from 3 to 2460 ng/g, respectively. A significant positive relationship was found between degree of imposex and organotin concentration, whereas a significant negative relationship was obtained between female-to-male sex ratio and the degree of imposex. During a field transplantation of T. clavigera from a pristine area to a port, TBT and TPT were accumulated in T. clavigera, and imposex was induced. T. clavigera shows considerable potential as a bioindicator species of the adverse effects of TBT and TPT contamination. |
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| Keywords: | Imposex Tributyltin Triphenyltin Transplanting Sex ratio Bioindicator |
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