| 新疆天山北麓中段孔隙水水化学特征及苏打水的成因 |
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| 引用本文： | 雷米,周金龙,梁杏,周殷竹,曾妍妍,孙英.新疆天山北麓中段孔隙水水化学特征及苏打水的成因[J].地球科学,2022,47(2):674-688. |
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| 作者姓名： | 雷米 周金龙 梁杏 周殷竹 曾妍妍 孙英 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金青年项目（No.42007161）； |
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| 摘 要： | 天山北麓中段受构造控制，水文地质条件较为复杂.研究孔隙水水化学特征及苏打水（NaHCO3型）形成机制对了解天山北麓中段地下水水文地球化学过程与地质条件之间的联系具有重要意义.基于新疆天山北麓中段平原区209组地下水水样，结合地质条件，采用半变异函数模型、绝对主成分得分多元线性回归模型（PCA/APCS-MLR）剖析了潜水和承压水中水化学类型空间分布特征、地下水化学组分源贡献率、苏打水形成的地质条件控制因素以及水文地球化学作用.结果表明:山前倾斜平原潜水、冲积平原潜水和承压水分别以Na2SO4、NaHCO3和Na2SO4型水为主，其中苏打水分别占总水样的7.18%、14.83%、6.22%.承压水中Na+、HCO3-、TDS空间自相关性较强，潜水中Na+、HCO3-、TDS空间自相关性较弱，当水中TDS < 1 000 mg/L时更有利于NaHCO3型水的形成.溶滤-富集因子（F1）、外界输入因子（F2）、原生地质因子（F3）和地质环境因子（F4）对地下水中水化学指标的平均贡献率分别为29.44%、15.99%、7.70%和6.71%.苏打水形成过程不仅受控于矿物溶滤、阳离子交换、混合作用和脱硫酸作用等多种水文地球化学作用，还受到地质环境、地质构造及水文地质条件的影响.
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| 关 键 词： | 孔隙水 苏打水 水化学特征 地质条件 天山北麓中段 水文地质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-03 |
Hydrochemical Characteristics of Pore Water and Genesis of Soda Water in the Middle of the Northern Piedmont of Tianshan Mountain,Xinjiang |
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| Abstract: | The middle of the northern piedmont of Tianshan Mountain has complicated geological structure and developed faults. It is of great significance to ascertain the formation mechanism of soda water (NaHCO3 type) for understanding the relationship between groundwater hydrogeochemical process and geological conditions in the middle of the northern piedmont of Tianshan Mountain. Based on 209 groups of groundwater samples in the middle plain of the northern piedmont of Tianshan Mountain, Xinjiang, combined with geological conditions, semi-variation model, multiple linear regression of absolute principal component score model (PCA/APCS-MLR) were used to identify the spatial distribution characteristics of hydrochemical types in unconfined water and confined water, source contribution of groundwater chemical components, and the hydrogeochemical process of soda water formation and the controlling factors of geological conditions. The results showed that Na2SO4, NaHCO3 and Na2SO4 are the main types of unconfined groundwater in piedmont inclined plain, unconfined groundwater and confined groundwater in alluvial plain, respectively, the soda water in piedmont clinoplainun confined water, alluvial plain unconfined water and confined water accounted for 7.18%, 14.83% and 6.22% of the total water samples respectively. The spatial autocorrelation of Na+, HCO3- and TDS is strong in confined groundwater, but weak in unconfined groundwater, when TDS is less than 1 000 mg/L, NaHCO3 type water will be formed. The contribution rates of dissolution-enrichment factor (F1), external input factor (F2), native geological factor (F3) and geological environment factor (F4) to groundwater chemical components were 29.44%, 15.99%, 7.70% and 6.71% respectively. The formation process of soda water is not only controlled by various hydrogeochemical processes such as mineral dissolution, cation exchange, mixing and desulphidation, but also affected by geological conditions such as geological environment, geological structure, hydrogeological conditions. |
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