| 泥石流流域的形态特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 李泳,胡凯衡,崔鹏,陈晓清,岳中琦.泥石流流域的形态特征[J].山地学报,2002,20(1):1-11. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李泳 胡凯衡 崔鹏 陈晓清 岳中琦 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都,610041
2. 香港大学土木工程学系,香港 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家杰出青年基金 (No.40 0 2 5 10 3)，香港赛马会资助，香港大学合作项目，中国科学院特别支持领域“山地灾害 -泥石流滑坡基础研究”项目 ( 1999～ 2 0 0 2 )~~ |
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| 摘 要： | 泥石流是特殊的流域侵蚀作用,同其他流域过程一样,密切联系着流域的形态特征.一般说来,泥石流都发生在小流域(102km2以下),而经典的流域形态研究所涉及的流域范围却达到107km2的尺度.我们想知道泥石流小流域是否具有特殊的数量特征.通过流域特征量的统计,我们看到,与一般流域相比,泥石流小流域的特征参数之间的关系形式上相同,而在数值上不同,这从一个方面肯定了流域演化存在着普遍规律(如自组织临界性),同时也证明泥石流是流域演化历史的"特殊一幕".
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| 关 键 词： | 泥石流 流域特征 概率分布 特征指数 流域演化 侵蚀作用 |
Morphology of Basin of Debris Flow |
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| Abstract.Morphology of Basin of Debris Flow[J].Journal of Mountain Research,2002,20(1):1-11. |
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| Authors: | Abstract |
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| Abstract: | Morphology of small drainage basin is in principle the same as general basins,disregarding its scale. Data concerning characteristics of basins of debris flow, from The DataBase of Debris Flow in China, are used in this paper to examine their properties in small scale. In fact, distributions of characteristic factors, including area, length, elevation, gradient, and degree of incision, of drainage basins of debris flow, are subject to distributions in the unique form of the generalized Gamma distribution, i. e., in special cases, the Weibull distribution, Gamma distribution and others alike, only distinctive in the value of parameters. The unification of distributions for various factors indicates some invariance of scale in the drainage system,with power laws hidden behind. Some power relations have been actually revealed, i. e., that between length and area,length and gradient, gradient and area,etc.. All the power exponents differ from those supposed theoretically for drainage evolution at some stable states, enhancing our belief in the periodicallity of debris flow that occurs only in some special phase in the evolution history. On the other hand,debris - flow surges of the Jiangjia Gully reveal another power relation between discharge and flow depth, which corresponds to that between discharge and area for usuall flood process, and therefore prove its validity for debris flow as well. The consistency in all respects ensures that appearances of debris flows in regions are also representative for debris flow in individual basins.Then,debris flow in a certain basin finds its origination from the drainage pattern. |
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| Keywords: | debrs flow drainage basin probability distribution power exponent morphology |
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