共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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由于开孔前墙和消浪室具有强扰动作用,所以开孔沉箱结构具有很好的消浪效果。本文通过日照港岚山港区码头开孔沉箱结构的物理模型试验,研究了沉箱不同开孔位置的消浪效果和水动力特征,分析了不同方案的反射系数和越浪量。结果表明：水位对反射系数的影响较大,开孔位置较高的方案,其消浪性能较好,且越浪量较小。选择反射系数和越浪量均较小的设计方案进行了水动力试验,结果表明：水平力最大时对应的浮托力约为最大浮托力的60%;浮托力最大时对应的水平力约为最大水平力的75%;波浪对开孔沉箱的作用主要集中于外壁迎浪侧,内部结构受到的波浪力很小;第二消浪室波浪力小于第一消浪室。 相似文献
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由于在前壁上设置了尺寸较小的孔,开孔沉箱受流体黏性力作用显著,依照弗劳德数相似准则设计模型存在比尺效应。为揭示比尺效应,建立了模拟波浪与开孔沉箱相互作用的光滑粒子流体动力学(SPH)模型。其中流体运动由连续性方程和Navier-Stokes方程控制,固壁边界由改进的动力边界粒子施加。模型收敛性通过分析不同粒子分辨率下的波浪反射系数得到,模型精度通过比较计算与理论波浪反射系数证明。使用经过验证的SPH模型,计算并比较了不同几何比尺和开孔率下开孔沉箱附近的涡量场、箱体外侧的波面时程曲线和波浪反射系数。结果表明,随着模型几何比尺的减小,开孔沉箱受到偏大的流体黏性力,致使更多波能在湍流运动中耗散,进而减小了波浪反射系数并降低了箱体外侧的波面高度。 相似文献
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开孔率是开孔沉箱波浪反射系数的重要影响因素,迄今为止关于开孔沉箱的物模试验研究成果(包括《防波堤设计与施工规范》)中,开孔率μ通常以线性关系反映在开孔沉箱波浪反射系数的计算关系式中,适用范围为0.2~0.4。但当μ0.2或μ0.4时,开孔率μ对波浪反射系数Kr的影响规律尚需进一步的研究探讨。现借助二维数值波浪水槽,在扩大了的开孔率取值范围内,模拟不规则波与可渗明基床上开孔沉箱的相互作用。结果表明:在0.2≤μ≤0.4的范围内,用线性关系描述开孔率μ对波浪反射系数Kr的影响是合适的;在μ0.4时,数模值和物模试验拟合的经验关系式的趋势是一致的;在μ0.2时,开孔沉箱反射系数K_r随开孔率μ的减小而增大,用物模试验拟合的经验关系式及《防波堤设计与施工规范》中计算公式的线性关系来描述开孔率μ对反射系数K_r的影响是不恰当的。研究成果对开孔沉箱消浪机理的深入认识和开孔沉箱结构的优化设计具有重要意义。 相似文献
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开孔沉箱是将传统沉箱的前壁开孔,使沉箱前的入射波浪与反射波浪非同相位叠加,达到消能目的。消浪室是开孔沉箱的重要特征结构,其宽度对开孔沉箱的消浪性能具有重要影响。针对可渗明基床开孔沉箱,赋予消浪室宽度以较大的变化范围,开展专项物模试验,研究探讨了在规则波与不规则波作用下,相对消浪室宽度对可渗明基床开孔沉箱前波高反射系数的影响规律,发现反射系数随相对消浪室宽度的增加呈减小—增大—减小的振荡特性,这一发现有别于前人的研究成果,对工程中开孔沉箱消浪室结构的优化设计具有借鉴意义。同时,对试验工况进行数值模拟和解析计算,以物模试验值为标准,评价两种方法在研究相对消浪室宽度对开孔沉箱波高反射系数影响时的规律把握能力及计算精度,对工程中应用这两种方法给出相关建议。 相似文献
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双消浪室局部开孔沉箱防波堤具有低反射、结构受力小、适宜较大水深和工程造价低等优点。为明确双消浪室局部开孔沉箱水动力特性的主要影响因素,采用理论分析和物理模型试验相结合的方法,对规则波和不规则波作用下双消浪室局部开孔沉箱防波堤的反射特性进行研究。基于势流理论,建立规则波和不规则波对局部开孔沉箱防波堤作用的三维解析解,采用二次压力损失边界条件考虑沉箱开孔墙对波浪运动的影响,利用周期性边界条件考虑防波堤结构沿长度方向的周期性变化。开展相应规则波和不规则波物理模型试验,验证理论模型的合理性。通过算例分析,研究不同波浪要素和结构参数对防波堤反射特性的影响。研究表明:双消浪室局部开孔沉箱相对消浪室宽度取值为0.08~0.20,沉箱前墙开孔率大于后墙开孔率时,防波堤在较大波浪频率范围内消波效果显著;当前后墙的开孔率相等时,防波堤反射系数的最小值随着开孔率增大而减小。 相似文献
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本文基于雷诺平均的Navier-Stokes方程和k-ε模型求解湍流流动,采用流体体积法(Volume of Fluid,VOF)追踪自由表面运动,建立无反射波浪数值水槽,对多消浪室开孔沉箱的消浪特性进行数值模拟研究。将单消浪室和多消浪室开孔沉箱反射系数和结构前波面分布的数值分析结果与物理模型试验结果进行对比验证,两者符合良好。利用数值算例,研究多消浪室开孔沉箱的反射特性以及开孔结构附近的速度场和湍流强度分布。分析结果表明:波浪与开孔沉箱相互作用时,涡旋和湍动主要分布在开孔墙和消浪室内部自由表面附近;与单消浪室开孔沉箱相比,多消浪室开孔沉箱可以更有效的耗散波浪能量,降低结构的反射系数。本文分析结果可为开孔沉箱结构的工程设计提供参考依据。 相似文献
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In this study, the total horizontal and vertical forces as well as the phase differences of irregular waves on a partially perforated caisson breakwater are investigated. The partially perforated caisson is located on a rubble fill foundation and filled with rock. Based on linear potential theory, a simple semi-analytical solution of the present problem is developed by means of the matched eigenfunction method and the finite element method. Experimental tests are also conducted to validate the theoretical model and examine the wave forces acting on the perforated caisson. The effects of some of the main factors on the total wave forces and the phase difference are examined. Theoretical and experimental studies show that when the total horizontal force reaches its peak, the simultaneous total vertical (upward) force is rather small or even becomes downwards. This is due to the existence of an obvious phase difference between the time histories of the total horizontal and vertical forces, which is an important advantage of perforated caissons over traditional structures. 相似文献
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The VOF method and the k–ε model, combined with the equation of state of air at constant temperature, have been used to calculate the total horizontal wave force caused by monochromatic waves acting on a perforated caisson with a top cover. From comparison of various parameters, such as the total horizontal force, the pressure difference on the front wall, the pressure on the back wall and the pressure on the top cover, between the numerical results and test data, it can be seen that the numerical results agree well with the test data. It is concluded that the method described in this paper can be utilized to calculate wave forces acting on perforated caissons with a top cover in the case of nonovertopping, nonbreaking waves. A simplified method to calculate the total horizontal force has been developed, based on test data, using a least-squares method. A comparison between the numerical results and the values calculated from the simplified equations shows good agreement. Therefore the simplified equations can be used in engineering applications to evaluate the total horizontal force on a perforated caisson with a top cover. 相似文献
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应用透空壁内流体速度与壁两侧的压力差成正比的线性模型,研究了斜向波与无限多个开孔沉箱的相互作用.依照结构物的几何形状,把整个流域分成无限多个子域,在每个子域内应用特征函数展开法对速度势进行展开.对于沉箱内的波浪运动,引入相位差概念;在构造反射波模型时,考虑了结构物的几何形状影响.列举出物理模型实验结果与数值实验结果的比较,可以看出两者吻合较好.进一步的数值计算验证表明,当孔隙系数无限大时,开孔墙前后的速度非常接近.在低频入射波作用下,垂直于沉箱的水平力随角度的变大而减小,平行于沉箱排列方向的力则变大. 相似文献
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Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Wave Forces on A Partially-Perforated Caisson Breakwater with A Rock-Filled Core 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1.IntroductionVertical breakwaters are widely used for harbor and coastline protection in coastal engineering.Recently,perforated breakwaters have been often used in practice as they can effectively reduce thewaveforces actingon,the wave reflectionfromand… 相似文献
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The reflection coefficient and the total horizontal forces of regular waves acting on theperforated caisson are experimentally investigated. The empirical relationship between reflection coefficient and the ratio of the total horizontal forces acting on the perforated caisson to those on solid vertical walls with the relative chamber width, relative water depth and porosity of perforated wall, etc. are given. Moreover, the results of the ratio of the total horizontal forces are also compared with formulas given by Chinese Harbour Design Criteria and Takahashi, which may be useful for the practical engineering application. 相似文献
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An analytic solution based on the division of the fluid domain is developed for the interaction of obliquely incident waves with infinite number of perforated caissons. The whole fluid domain is firstly divided into infinite sub-domains according to the division of structures, and subsequently eigenfunction expansion is employed to represent the velocity potential in each domain. A phase relation is utilized for the analysis of wave oscillation in each caisson, and the character of structure geometry is considered in setting up the mathematical model of reflection waves. The reflection waves from the present analysis include many propagation waves traveling in different directions when the incident wave frequency is high. Benchmark examinations show that the continuous condition of water particle velocity is satisfied at the front walls of caissons, and the reflection coefficients keep agreement with the energy conservation relation very well when porous effect parameter is infinite. Numerical results show that the reflection coefficients of obliquely incident waves are smaller when the length of caissons is shorter at low frequency. The wave reflection coefficients and the wave forces normal to caissons decrease and the wave forces along caissons increase with the increase of the wave incident angle. 相似文献