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1.
Continental subduction and its interaction with overlying mantle wedge are recognized as fundamental solid earth processes, yet the dynamics of this system remains ambiguous. In order to get an insight into crust–mantle interaction triggered by partial melting of subudcted continental crust during its exhumation, we carried out a combined study of the Shidao alkaline complex from the Sulu ultrahigh pressure (UHP) terrane. The alkaline complex is composed of shoshonitic to ultrapotassic (K2O: 3.4–9.3 wt.%) gabbro, pyroxene syenite, amphibole syenite, quartz syenite, and granite. Field studies suggest that the mafic rocks are earlier than the felsic ones in sequence. LA-ICPMS zircon U–Pb dating on them gives Late Triassic ages of 214 ± 2 to 200 ± 3 Ma from mafic to felsic rocks. These ages are slightly younger than the Late Triassic ages (225–210 Ma) of the felsic melts from partial melting of the Sulu UHP terrane during exhumation. The alkaline rocks have wide ranges of SiO2 (49.7–76.7 wt.%), MgO (8.25–0.03 wt.%), Ni (126.0–0.07 ppm), and Cr (182.0–0.45 ppm) contents. The contents of MgO, total Fe2O3, CaO, TiO2 and P2O5 decrease with increasing SiO2 contents. The contents of Na2O, K2O, and Al2O3 increase from gabbro to amphibole syenite, and decrease from amphibole syenite to granite, respectively. The alkaline rocks have characteristics of an arc-like pattern in trace element distribution, e.g., enrichment of LREE, LILE (Rb and Ba), Th and U, depletion of HFSE (Nb, Ta, P and Ti), and positive Pb anomalies. From the mafic rocks to the felsic rocks, the (La/Yb)N ratios and the contents of the total REE, Sr and Ba decrease but the Rb contents increase. The alkaline rocks with high SiO2 contents also display features of an A2-type granitoids, e.g., high contents of total alkalis, Zr and Nb and high ratios of Fe2O3T/MgO, Ga/Al, Yb/Ta and Y/Nb, suggesting a post-collisional magmatism during exhumation of the Sulu UHP terrane. The alkaline rocks have homogeneous initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7058–0.7093) and negative εNd(t) values (− 18.6 to − 15.0) for whole-rock. The Sr–Nd isotopic data remain almost unchanged with varying SiO2 and MgO contents, suggesting a fractional crystallization (FC) process from the same parental magma. Our studies suggest a crust–mantle interaction in continental subduction interface as follows: (1) hydrous felsic melts from partial melting of subducted continental crust during its exhumation metasomatized the overlying mantle wedge to form a K-rich and amphibole-bearing mantle; (2) partial melting of the enriched lithospheric mantle generated the Late Triassic alkaline complex under a post-collisional setting; and (3) the alkaline magma experienced subsequent fractionational crystallization mainly dominated by olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase and alkali feldspar.  相似文献   

2.
The petrography, mineral chemistry and geochemical features of the Sabongari alkaline complex are presented and discussed in this paper with the aim of constraining its petrogenesis and comparing it with other alkaline complexes of the Cameroon Line. The complex is mainly made up of felsic rocks: (i) granites predominate and include pyroxene–amphibole (the most abundant), amphibole–biotite, biotite and pyroxene types; (ii) syenites are subordinate and comprise amphibole–pyroxene and amphibole–biotite quartz syenites; (iii) pyroxene–amphibole–biotite trachyte and (iv) relatively abundant rhyolite. The minor basic and intermediate terms associated with felsic rocks consist of basanites, microdiorite and monzodioites. Two groups of pyroxene bearing rocks are distinguished: a basanite–trachyte–granite (Group 1) bimodal series (SiO2 gap: 44 and 63 wt.%) and a basanite–microdiorite–monzodiorite–syenite–granite (Group 2) less pronounced bimodal series (reduced SiO2 gap: 56–67 wt.%). Both are metaluminous to peralkaline whereas felsic rocks bare of pyroxene (Group 3) are metaluminous to peraluminous. The Group 1 basanite is SiO2-undersaturated (modal analcite in the groundmass and 11.04 wt.% normative nepheline); its Ni (240 ppm) and Cr (450 ppm) contents, near mantle values, indicate its most primitive character. The Group 2 basanite is rather slightly SiO2-saturated (1.56 wt.% normative hypersthene), a marker of its high crustal contamination (low Nb/Y-high Rb/Y). The La/Yb and Gd/Yb values of both basanites (1: 19.47 and 2.92; 2: 9.09 and 2.23) suggest their common parental magma composition, and their crystallization through two episodes of partial melting (2% and 3% respectively) of a lherzolite mantle source with <4% residual garnet. The effects of crustal contamination were selectively felt in the values of HFSE/LREE, LREE/LILE and LREE/HFSE ratios, known as indicators. Similar features have been recently obtained in the felsic lavas of the Cameroon Volcanic Line.  相似文献   

3.
In the Gangdese magmatic belt of southern Tibet, widespread Late Mesozoic magmatism has been reported, although their petrogenesis and tectonic evolution remain ambiguous. Here we present new zircon U-Pb and geochemical data on a gabbro-diorite suite near the Namling County in the central Gangdese belt, that provide insights into the geodynamic processes in this region. Zircon U-Pb data from LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP II analyses indicate that the granite crystallized at ca. 87 Ma, and the gabbro-diorite suite was emplaced at ca. 91–95 Ma, both suggesting an early Late Cretaceous magmatism in the central Gangdese belt. The gabbro-diorite suite displays wide ranges of SiO2 (57.21–44.25 wt%) and MgO contents (9.04–3.18 wt%), with high Al2O3 (21.47–16.14 wt%) and Na2O/K2O (1.10–5.84) values. Compared to these, the granite rocks show limited variations of SiO2 (76.97–76.40 wt%), high Na2O + K2O (8.84–8.04 wt%), K2O/Na2O (2.33–1.30) and Sr/Y (48.99–80.36), with low Mg# (30.77–20.39) values and significant Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 1.20–0.24). The gabbro-diorite rocks are characterized by typical arc-type features including enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREE) (LaN/YbN = 11.52–5.06 > 1) and large ion lithophile elements (LILE) (e.g. Cs, K and Rb), but are depleted in high strength field elements (HSFE) (e.g. Nb, Ta, Ti and P). The granitic rocks are also enriched in LREE (LaN/YbN = 55.42–26.55 > 1) and LILE (e.g. Cs, Rb, K and Pb), but depleted in HSFE (e.g. Nb, Ta, Ti and P). The gabbro-diorite rocks show distinctly positive εNd(t) (+3.5 to +4.2) and εHf(t) values (+8.5 to +15.6) values with a restricted range, with relatively homogeneous and low (87Sr/86Sr)I ratios (0.704213–0.703820). The granitic rocks also show positive εNd(t) values (+4.1 to +4.4) and consistent (87Sr/86Sr)I ratios (0.703977–0.703180). Our data suggest that the gabbro-diorite rocks were mostly sourced from partial melting of the depleted mantle that was metasomatized by fluids released from the subducted Neo-Tethys oceanic slab. The granite was probably produced by partial melting of the juvenile crust with no participation of mantle material. We correlate the magmatism with tectonics associated with the roll-back of the Neo-Tethys oceanic slab during the early Late Cretaceous.  相似文献   

4.
The Yangchang granite‐hosted Mo deposit is typical of the Xilamulun metallogenic belt, which is one of the important Mo–Pb–Zn–Ag producers in China. A combination of major and trace element, Sr, Nd and Pb isotope, and zircon U–Pb age data are reported for the Yangchang batholith to constrain its petrogenesis and Mo mineralization. Zircon LA‐ICPMS U–Pb dating yields mean ages of 138 ± 2 and 132 ± 2 Ma for monzogranite and granite porphyry, respectively. The monzogranites and granite porphyries are calc‐alkaline with K2O/Na2O ratios of 0.75–0.92 and 1.75–4.42, respectively. They are all enriched in large‐ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and depleted in high‐field‐strength elements (HFSEs) with negative Nb and Ta anomalies in primitive‐mantle‐normalized trace element diagrams. The monzogranites have relatively high Sr (380–499 ppm) and Y (14–18 ppm) concentrations, and the granite porphyries have lower Sr (31–71 ppm) and Y (5–11 ppm) concentrations than those of monzogranites. The monzogranites and granite porphyries have relatively low initial Sr isotope ratios of 0.704573–0.705627 and 0.704281, respectively, and similar 206Pb/204Pb ratios of 18.75–18.98 and 18.48–18.71, respectively. In contrast, the εNd(t) value (−3.7) of granite porphyry is lower than those of monzogranites (−1.5 to −2.7) with Nd model ages of about 1.0 Ga. These geochemical features suggest that the monzogranite and granite porphyries were derived from juvenile crustal rocks related to subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific plate under east China. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

5.
We report in the paper integrated analyses of in situ zircon U–Pb ages, Hf–O isotopes, whole-rock geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopes for the Longlou granite in northern Hainan Island, southeast China. SIMS zircon U–Pb dating results yield a crystallization age of ∼73 Ma for the Longlou granite, which is the youngest granite recognized in southeast China. The granite rocks are characterized by high SiO2 and K2O, weakly peraluminous (A/CNK = 1.04–1.10), depletion in Sr, Ba and high field strength elements (HFSE) and enrichment in LREE and large ion lithophile elements (LILE). Chemical variations of the granite are dominated by fractional crystallization of feldspar, biotite, Ti–Fe oxides and apatite. Their whole-rock initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7073–0.7107) and εNd(t) (−4.6 to −6.6) and zircon εHf(t) (−5.0 to 0.8) values are broadly consistent with those of the Late Mesozoic granites in southeast China coast. Zircon δ18O values of 6.9–8.3‰ suggest insignificant involvement of supracrustal materials in the granites. These granites are likely generated by partial melting of medium- to high-K basaltic rocks in an active continental margin related to subduction of the Pacific plate. The ca. 73 Ma Longlou granite is broadly coeval with the Campanian (ca. 80–70 Ma) granitoid rocks in southwest Japan and South Korea, indicating that they might be formed along a common Andean-type active continental margin of east–southeast Asia. Tectonic transition from the Andean-type to the West Pacific-type continental margin of southeast China likely took place at ca.70 Ma, rather than ca. 90–85 Ma as previously thought.  相似文献   

6.
Kajan subvolcanic rocks in the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc (UDMA), Central Iran, form a Late Miocene-Pliocene shallow-level intrusion. These subvolcanics correspond to a variety of intermediate and felsic rocks, comprising quartz diorite, quartz monzodiorite, tonalite and granite. These lithologies are medium-K calc-alkaline, with SiO2 (wt.%) varying from 52% (wt.%) to 75 (wt.%). The major element chemical data also show that MgO, CaO, TiO2, P2O5, MnO, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 define linear trends with negative slopes against SiO2, whilst Na2O and K2O are positively correlated with silica. Contents of incompatible trace elements (e.g. Ba, Rb, Nb, La and Zr) become higher with increasing SiO2, whereas Sr shows an opposite behaviour. Chondrite-normalized multi-element patterns show enrichment in LILE relative to HFSE and troughs in Nb, P and Ti. These observations are typical of subduction related magmas that formed in an active continental margin. The Kajan rocks show a strong affinity with calc-alkaline arc magmas, confirmed by REE fractionation (LaN/YbN = 4.5–6.4) with moderate HREE fractionation (SmN/YbN = 1.08–1.57). The negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* <1), the low to moderate Sr content (< 400 ppm) and the Dy/Yb values reflect plagioclase and hornblende (+- clinopyroxene) fractionation from a calc-alkaline melt Whole–rock Sr and Nd isotope analyses show that the 87Sr/86Sr initial ratios vary from 0.704432 to 0.705989, and the 143Nd/144Nd initial ratios go from 0.512722 to 0.512813. All the studied samples have similar Sr-Nd isotopes, indicating an origin from a similar source, with granite samples that has more radiogenic Sr and low radiogenic Nd isotopes, suggesting a minor interaction with upper crust during magma ascent. The Kajan subvolcanic rocks plot within the depleted mantle quadrant of the conventional Sr-Nd isotope diagram, a compositional region corresponding to mantle-derived igneous rocks.  相似文献   

7.
The Boziguoer A-type granitoids in Baicheng County,Xinjiang,belong to the northern margin of the Tarim platform as well as the neighboring EW-oriented alkaline intrusive rocks.The rocks comprise an aegirine or arfvedsonite quartz alkali feldspar syenite,an aegirine or arfvedsonite alkali feldspar granite,and a biotite alkali feldspar syenite.The major rock-forming minerals are albite,K-feldspar,quartz,arfvedsonite,aegirine,and siderophyllite.The accessory minerals are mainly zircon,pyrochlore,thorite,fluorite,monazite,bastnaesite,xenotime,and astrophyllite.The chemical composition of the alkaline granitoids show that SiO2 varies from 64.55％ to 72.29％ with a mean value of 67.32％,Na2O＋K2O is high （9.85％-11.87％） with a mean of 11.14％,K2O is 2.39％-5.47％ （mean =4.73％）,the K2O/Na2O ratios are 0.31-0.96,Al2O3 ranges from 12.58％ to 15.44％,and total FeOT is between 2.35％ and 5.65％.CaO,MgO,MnO,and TiO2 are low.The REE content is high and the total SREE is （263-1219） ppm （mean =776 ppm）,showing LREE enrichment and HREE depletion with strong negative Eu anomalies.In addition,the chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the alkaline granitoids belong to the ＂seagull＂ pattern of the right-type.The Zr content is （113-1246） ppm （mean =594 ppm）,Zr＋Nb＋Ce＋Y is between （478-2203） ppm with a mean of 1362 ppm.Furthermore,the alkaline granitoids have high HFSE （Ga,Nb,Ta,Zr,and Hf） content and low LILE （Ba,K,and Sr） content.The Nb/Ta ratio varies from 7.23 to 32.59 （mean =16.59） and the Zr/Hf ratio is 16.69-58.04 （mean =36.80）.The zircons are depleted in LREE and enriched in HREE.The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the zircons are of the ＂seagull＂ pattern of the left-inclined type with strong negative Eu anomaly and without a Ce anomaly.The Boziguoer A-type granitoids share similar features with A1-type granites.The average temperature of the granitic magma was estimated at 832-839℃.The Boziguoer A-type granitoids show crust-mantle mixing and may have formed in an anorogenic intraplate tectonic setting under high-temperature,anhydrous,and low oxygen fugacity conditions.  相似文献   

8.
The Huangyangshan alkaline pluton is located within the southern part of the Eastern Junggar orogenic belt in Xinjiang Province, and forms part of the Kalamaili alkaline granite belt. The pluton hosts the Huangyangshan super-large graphite deposit, which develops unique spherical structure and coexists with metal sulfides. This study examines the genetic relationship between the alkaline magmatism that formed the pluton and the graphite mineralization using zircon LA–ICP–MS U–Pb dating, geochemical analysis for representative rock types in the Huangyangshan pluton, and new Re–Os isotope dating for the graphite in the Huangyangshan graphite deposit. Zircons from medium-grained arfvedsonite granite, medium–fine-grained amphibole granite, medium-grained biotite granite, and fine-grained biotite granite phases of the Huangyangshan pluton yield weighted mean U–Pb ages of 322.7 ± 4.5, 318.3 ± 4.0, 303.9 ± 2.1, and 301.1 ± 3.6 Ma, respectively, indicating that all of the granite phases were emplaced during the Late Carboniferous over a period of around 20 Myr. Six graphite samples from the deposit yield a Re–Os isochron age of 332 ± 53 Ma. Combining these ages with the genetic relationship between the graphite mineralization and magmatism in the study area and the relatively large uncertainty on the Re–Os isochron age for the graphite suggests that the mineralization formed at ca. 320 Ma. The graphite samples yield an initial 187Os/188Os value of 0.38 ± 0.2, indicative of carbon derived from a mixture of organic and mantle-derived sources. The different granite phases in the Huangyangshan pluton are geochemically similar with relatively high SiO2 (75.6–78.2 wt%) and Na2O + K2O (8.01–9.04 wt%) and relatively low CaO (0.18–0.7 wt%), MgO (0.06%–0.13 wt%) and Fe2O3 (TFe2O3 = 1.08–2.06 wt%) contents. The granites are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE), large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs) (e.g. Rb, Th, and K), and high field strength elements (HFSEs) (e.g. Zr and Hf), depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), and have negative Ba, Sr, P, Ti, and Eu anomalies. These geochemical characteristics are indicative of derivation from juvenile basaltic oceanic crustal materials in the lower crust. This suggests that the Huangyangshan pluton formed from magmas generated by partial melting caused by mantle-derived magma underplating, with the magmas then undergoing mixing, separation, and significant fractional crystallization. Diorite enclaves within the granites have weaker trace element anomalies that are indicative of magma mixing. In addition, the mantle-derived intermediate–basic end-member involved in the magma mixing is likely one of the important carriers of carbon and metal. In summary, the Late Carboniferous Huangyangshan pluton and its associated graphite mineralization formed in a post-collision extensional tectonic setting in the Kalamaili area.  相似文献   

9.
The Jinping–Fan Si Pan (JFP) Cenozoic magmatic and Cu–Mo–Au metallogenic belt in the southeastern part of the Ailao Shan shear zone host the Tongchang, Chang′an, Habo, and Chinh Sang Cu–Mo–Au deposits. These deposits form an integrated epithermal-porphyry regional mineralization system associated with 40–32 Ma high-K alkaline magmatism. The magmatic rocks in the belt have relatively low TiO2 (<0.73 wt%), P2O5 (<0.29 wt%), and FeO* (<4.99 wt%), and high Na2O (2.86–4.75 wt%) and K2O (4.01–7.98 wt%). They also have high contents of incompatible trace elements, and are enriched in LILE (Rb, Ba, K, Sr) and LREE. They have marked Nb, Ta, Ti and P depletion in primitive mantle-normalized spidergrams, and plot close to the EMII mantle field in the Sr–Nd isotopic diagram. These characteristics are similar to those of the Eocene high-K alkaline rocks along the northern Ailao Shan belt, eastern Tibet plateau. The sulfur and lead isotope analyses of sulfide minerals from both the ores and related magmatic rocks confirm the involvement of a magmatic ore fluid. The Cenozoic alkaline intrusions and Cu–Mo–Au mineralization in the JFP were formed prior to the initiation of left-lateral shearing along the Ailao Shan shear zone. The magmas appear to have been derived from enriched mantle, possibly with mixing of materials from the buried Tethyan oceanic lithosphere, and/or crust.  相似文献   

10.
The Betulia Igneous Complex (BIC) is a group of Late-Miocene (11.8 ± 0.2 Ma) hypabyssal intrusions of intermediate to felsic composition located in the SW of the Colombian Andes. These bodies have a calc-alkaline tendency and are related to the subduction of the Nazca plate under the South American plate. Diorites, quartz diorites and tonalities have porphyritic and phaneritic textures and are composed of plagioclase, amphibole, quartz, biotite, and orthoclase. Plagioclase is mainly of andesine-type and the amphiboles were classified mainly as magnesiohornblendes, actinolites, and tschermakites.BIC rocks have a narrow range of SiO2 content (59–67wt%) and exhibit an enrichment of LILE and LREE relative to HFSE and HREE, respectively. These features are attributed to enrichment of LILE from the source and retention of HFSE (mainly Nb, Ta, and Ti) by refractory phases within the same source. The depletion of HREE is explained by fractionation of mineral phases that have a high partition coefficients for these elements, especially amphiboles, the major mafic phase in the rocks. Nevertheless, the fractionation of garnet in early stages of crystallization is not unlikely. Probably all BIC units were generated by the same magma chamber or at least by the same petrologic mechanism as shown by the similar patterns in spider and REE diagrams; fractional crystallization and differentiation processes controlled the final composition of the rocks, and crystallization stages determined the texture.Isotopic compositions of BIC rocks (87Sr/86Sr: 0.70435–0.70511; 143Nd/144Nd: 0.51258–0.51280; 206Pb/204Pb: 19.13–19.31; 207Pb/204Pb: 15.67–15.76; 208Pb/204Pb: 38.93–39.20) indicate a source derived from the mantle with crustal contamination. The model proposed for the BIC consists of fluids from the dehydration of the subducted slab (Nazca plate) and subducted sediments that generated partial melting of the mantle wedge. These basaltic melts ascended to the mantle–crust boundary where they were retained due to density differences and began to produce processes of melting, assimilation, storage, and homogenization (MASH zone). At this depth (∼40–45 km), fractional crystallization and differentiation processes began to produce more felsic magmas that were able to ascend through the crust and be emplaced at shallow depths.  相似文献   

11.
The late Paleozoic Bailingshan intrusions and volcanic rocks are located in the Aqishan–Yamansu arc belt in the southern part of the eastern Tianshan and are associated with an important group of iron skarn deposits. The exposed intrusive rocks are mainly granodiorite, monzonitic granite, and granite. Zircon U–Pb dating of the Tugutublak Formation tuffaceous dacitic lava yields an age of 324 Ma, whereas dates of the Bailingshan granodiorite, monzonitic granite, and granite yields ages of 317 Ma, 313 Ma, and 307 Ma, respectively. The results indicate that the Bailingshan granitoids were emplaced soon after the eruption of the Tugutublak dacite. All these rocks studied show calc-alkaline to high-K calc-alkaline and metaluminous affinities, with A/CNK values ranging 0.83–1.10. They are enriched in Rb, K, and Pb, depleted in Nb, Ta, Ti, and P, and contain low Sr/Y (4.16–23.7) and Sr (109.0–347.0 ppm) values, displaying typical arc geochemical affinities. The tuffaceous dacitic lava has low Nb/Ta (10.3–14.1) values, a wide range of Mg# (6–64), positive zircon εHf(t) (3.2–7.5) values, and elevated whole-rock εNd(t) (2.03–4.41), but low ISr values (0.70427–0.70530), indicating that the source magma may have been derived from the juvenile lower crust with minor mantle input. The Bailingshan I-type intrusions also exhibit a mixed source signal, as constrained by Nb/Ta ratios, Mg#, and isotopes characteristics. Because the granodiorite, monzonitic granite, and granite intrusions have higher zircon εHf(t) (3.3–7.5, 11.8–13.5, and 10.2–14.4, respectively) and εNd(t) (3.90, 5.78, and 5.94, respectively) values than those of the tuffaceous dacitic lava, it is suggested that mantle-derived materials may have played a more prominent role with their petrogenetic evolution. Integrating our new geological, age, geochemical and isotopic data we propose that the Aqishan–Yamansu iron skarn belt may have formed in a back-arc position or within an intra-arc basin generated by the southward subduction of the Kanggur oceanic plate beneath the Yili–Central Tianshan block during the late Paleozoic, with felsic-intermediate magmatism occurring during the basin inversion.  相似文献   

12.
A garnet-bearing tonalitic porphyry from the Achiq Kol area, northeast Tibetan Plateau has been dated by SHRIMP U-Pb zircon techniques and gives a Late Triassic age of 213 ± 3 Ma. The porphyry contains phenocrysts of Ca-rich, Mn-poor garnet (CaO > 5 wt%; MnO < 3 wt%), Al-rich hornblende (Al2O3 ~ 15.9 wt%), plagioclase and quartz, and pressure estimates for hornblende enclosing the garnet phenocrysts yield values of 8–10 kbar, indicating a minimum pressure for the garnet. The rock has SiO2 of 60–63 wt%, low MgO (<2.0 wt%), K2O (<1.3 wt%), but high Al2O3 (>17 wt%) contents, and is metaluminous to slightly peraluminous (ACNK = 0.89–1.05). The rock samples are enriched in LILE and LREE but depleted in Nb and Ti, showing typical features of subduction-related magmas. The relatively high Sr/Y (~38) ratios and low HREE (Yb < 0.8 ppm) contents suggest that garnet is a residual phase, while suppressed crystallization of plagioclase and lack of negative Eu anomalies indicate a high water fugacity in the magma. Nd–Sr isotope compositions of the rock (εNdT = −1.38 to −2.33; 87Sr/86Sri = 0.7065–0.7067) suggest that both mantle- and crust-derived materials were involved in the petrogenesis, which is consistent with the reverse compositional zoning of plagioclase, interpreted to indicate magma mixing. Both garnet phenocrysts and their ilmenite inclusions contain low MgO contents which, in combination with the oxygen isotope composition of garnet separates (+6.23‰), suggests that these minerals formed in a lower crust-derived felsic melt probably in the MASH zone. Although the rock samples are similar to adakitic rocks in many aspects, their moderate Sr contents (<260 ppm) and La/Yb ratios (mostly 16–21) are significantly lower than those of adakitic rocks. Because of high partition coefficients for Sr and LREE, fractionation of apatite at an early stage in the evolution of the magma may have effectively decreased both Sr and LREE in the residual melt. It is suggested that extensive crystallization of apatite as an early phase may prevent some arc magmas from evolving into adakitic rocks even under high water fugacity.  相似文献   

13.
杨多  李萌萌  龚全德  陈天红  毛磊  秦天  赵亮 《地质通报》2019,38(10):1660-1674
对内蒙古阿巴嘎旗甘珠音敖包地区中生代火山岩进行了锆石U-Pb测年和岩石地球化学研究,对其形成时代、岩石成因及构造背景给予制约。研究区主要发育中生代满克头鄂博组酸性火山岩和梅勒图组中性火山岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果显示,2组火山岩形成年龄分别为163.6±0.6Ma和139.6Ma±0.7Ma。岩石地球化学研究表明,满克头鄂博组酸性火山岩为碱性系列,具有高硅、富碱、低TFeO、Al_2O_3、TiO_2、MgO、CaO和Na_2O的特征,轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损、轻重稀土元素分馏明显,Eu强烈亏损,大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、K明显富集,Ba、Sr明显亏损,高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti强烈亏损,具有A型花岗岩特点,形成于陆壳岩石的部分熔融。梅勒图组中性火山岩亦为碱性系列岩石,富碱、富钠、贫钾,高Al2O3、TiO2、MgO,贫CaO,LREE富集,HREE亏损,轻重稀土元素分馏明显,具微弱的负Eu异常,富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs)Rb、Ba、Th、U、K等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、Y、Yb、Lu等,来源于下地壳镁铁质岩石部分熔融。结合岩石学及该地区构造背景特征,认为满克头鄂博组和梅勒图组火山岩可能形成于蒙古-鄂霍茨克的俯冲作用导致的大兴安岭西坡—冀北—辽西地区加厚陆壳坍塌或拆沉作用的伸展环境。  相似文献   

14.
<正>The Hadamiao granodiorite,located on the northern margin of the North China platform and acting as the country rock of gold deposits in the Hadamiao region,was formed in the same age and similar tectonic settings with the Hadamiao gold deposit and the large-scale Bilihe gold deposit in the same area.By using the LA-ICP-MS method,the U-Pb age obtained is 267±1.3 Ma,which represents the crystallized age of the granodiorite,and that of the xenolithic zircon is 442.8±5 Ma. Base on the main elements,it exhibits the features of calc-alkaline to high-potassium calc-alkaline series,low silicon,and quasi-aluminous I-type granites,and with high magnesium(Mg~#=0.45-0.57) and high sodium contents(Na_2O/K_2O=0.98-2.29).The SREE values(81.6-110.15 ppm) are relatively low,the fractionations between LREE and HREE are obvious,showing a right-inclined dispersion in the REE distribution diagram.Compared with the primitive mantle,the rock is relatively rich in LREE(La and Ce),LILE(K,Sr,and Th),and intensively depleted in HFSE(Ti,P,Nb and Ta).The ratios of Sr/Y and(La/Yb)_N and the contents of Rb,Nb and Y are relatively low,the Sr values are high (436.35-567.26 ppm),and the Yb contents of most samples are low(1.25-1.8),which indicate the features of typical continental margin arc and adakitic rocks.According to the values ofε_(Nd)(t)(-2.4 to +0.2) and I_(Sr)(0.7028-0.7083),and variations of the La/Sm ratios,the Hadamiao granodiorite was formed from mixing of the thickened molten lower crust and the mantle wedge substances.The rock was related to the southward subduction and accretion of the Paleo-Asia Ocean in the Late Paleozoic, being Late Paleozoic magma of the continental margin arc formed on the basement of the Early Paleozoic accretion complexes,and showing a trend of turning into adakitic rocks,which indicates their great metallogenic(Au) potential.  相似文献   

15.
The Corredoiras orthogneiss belongs to the intermediate pressure upper units of the Órdenes Complex (Variscan belt, NW Spain), mainly composed by granodioritic orthogneisses, with small bodies of tonalitic orthogneisses, amphibole-rich orthogneisses and metagabbronorites. In this work we study their chemical and isotopic composition, to gain insight into the linkage between plate tectonics and magmatism and to improve the knowledge of the paleogeographic evolution of the European Variscan Belt.Granodioritic and tonalitic orthogneisses range from intermediate to felsic rocks, with K2O/Na2O ratios ≈ 1, typical of calc-alkaline rocks, and high Na2O content, characteristic of I-type granites. Metagabbronorites are basic rocks, but some of them are contaminated by interaction with the felsic magmas, showing enrichment in SiO2, Na2O and K2O. All Corredoiras metaigneous rocks are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE) relative to high field strength elements (HFSE), resulting in a high LILE/HFSE ratio. These geochemical features are the most characteristic of magmas related to subduction zones; furthermore all orthogneisses display significant negative anomalies in Ta, Nb and Zr, which together with their low contents in Y and Yb match up with granitoids generated in volcanic arcs or subduction zones. SHRIMP U–Pb zircon dating provides a concordia age of 492 ± 3 Ma. Granodioritic orthogneiss has negative εNd(492 Ma) values (? 2.2 to ? 3.6) and high (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios (0.707 to 0.708), on the other hand tonalitic orthogneisses and metagabbronorites have positive εNd(492 Ma) (1.0 to 2.4) and low (87Sr/86Sr)i (0.703 to 0.705), suggesting that granodioritic orthogneisses have a clear crustal influence in their generation, whereas tonalitic orthogneisses and metagabbros can be related to basic magmas extracted from the mantle or from a basic lower continental crust.The Corredoiras chemical characteristics permit us to interpret that this rocks were probably generated in an ensialic island arc and may represent a peri-Gondwanan fragment drifted away to open the Rheic Ocean.  相似文献   

16.
In situ zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic data, major and trace elements, and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic compositions are reported for Nanshanping alkaline rocks from the Zijingshan district in southwestern Fujian Province (the Interior or Western Cathaysia Block) of South China. The Nanshanping alkaline rocks, which consist of porphyritic quartz monzonite, porphyritic syenite, and syenite, revealed a Late Cretaceous age of 100–93 Ma. All of the rocks show high SiO2, K2O + Na2O, and LREE but low CaO, Fe2O3T, MgO, and HFSE (Nb, Ta, P, and Ti) concentrations. These rocks also exhibit uniform initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7078 to 0.7087 and εNd(t) values of −4.1 to −7.2, thus falling within the compositional field of Cretaceous basalts and mafic dikes occurring in the Cathaysia Block. Additionally, these rocks display initial Pb isotopic compositions with a 206Pb/204Pbi ratio of 18.25 to 18.45, a 207Pb/204Pbi ratio of 15.63 to 15.67, and a 208Pb/204Pbi ratio of 38.45 to 38.88. Combined with the zircon Hf isotopic compositions (εHf(t) = −11.7 to −3.2), which are different from those of the basement rocks, we suggest that Nanshanping alkaline rocks were primarily derived from a subduction-related enriched mantle source. High Rb/Sr (0.29–0.65) and Zr/Hf (37.5–49.2) but relatively low Ba/Rb (4.4–8.1) ratios suggest that the parental magmas of these rocks were most likely formed via partial melting of a phlogopite-bearing mantle source with carbonate metasomatism. The relatively high SiO2 (62.35–70.79 wt.%) and low Nb/Ta (10.0–15.3) ratios, positive correlation between SiO2 and (87Sr/86Sr)I, and negative correlation between SiO2 and εNd(t) of these rocks suggest that the crustal materials were also involved in formation of the Nanshanping alkaline rocks. Combined with geochemical and isotopic features, we infer magmatic processes similar to AFC (assimilation and fractional crystallization) involving early fractionation of clinopyroxene and olivine and subsequent fractionation of biotite-dominated assemblages coupled with a lesser amount of crustal contamination, thereby forming the Nanshanping alkaline rocks. The Nanshanping alkaline rocks appear to be associated with an extensional environment in the Cathaysia Block. This extensional regime could have resulted in the slab break-off and rollback of the subducting paleo-Pacific plate and the upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle, which induced partial melting of the enriched lithospheric mantle in the Cretaceous.  相似文献   

17.
The West Junggar of the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt is one of the typical regions in the term of ocean subduction, contraction and continental growth in the Late Paleozoic. However, it is still controversial on the exact time of ocean-continent transition so far. This study investigates rhyolites with columnar joint in the West Junggar for the first time.Based on zircon U-Pb dating, we determined that the ages of the newly-discovered rhyolites are between 303.6 and 294.5 Ma, belonging to Late Carboniferous–Early Permian, which is the oldest rhyolite with columnar joint preserved in the world at present. Geochemical results show that the characteristics of the major element compositions include a high content of SiO_2(75.78–79.20 wt%) and a moderate content of Al_2O_3(12.21–13.19 wt%). The total alkali content(K_2O +Na_2O) is 6.14–8.05 wt%, among which K_2O is 2.09–4.72 wt% and the rate of K_2O/Na_2O is 0.38–3.05. Over-based minerals such as Ne, Lc, and Ac do not appear. The contents of TiO_2(0.09–0.24 wt%), CaO(0.15–0.99 wt%) and MgO(0.06–0.18 wt%) are low. A/CNK=0.91–1.68, A/NK=1.06–1.76, and as such, these are associated with the quasi-aluminum-weak peraluminous high potassium calc-alkaline and some calc-alkaline magma series. These rhyolites show a significant negative Eu anomaly with relative enrichment of LREE and LILE(Rb, Ba, Th, U, K) and depletion of Sr, HREE and HFSE(Nb, Ta, Ti, P). These rhyolites also have the characteristics of an A2-type granite, similar to the Miaoergou batholith,which indicates they both were affected by post-orogenic extension. Combining petrological, zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical characteristics of the rhyolites, we conclude that the specific time of ocean-continent transition of the West Junggar is the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian.  相似文献   

18.
位于中国南天山西侧阔克萨彦岭一带的川乌鲁碱性杂岩体,与该区川乌鲁铜金多金属矿床有着直接的成因联系,该杂岩体由早期的辉长岩—闪长岩岩、主期的二长岩—正长岩和晚期的正长花岗斑岩脉组成,各期岩石在矿物组成和化学成分上有明显的变化。从早到晚,SiO2含量增加,变化范围是50.52%～70.64%;全碱含量先增后减,在SiO2含量小于61.69%时,随SiO2含量增加而增加,而当SiO2含量大于61.69%时,与SiO2含量负相关。在AR-SiO2图解上,大多样品落入碱性区间,在A/CNK-A/NK图解上表现出由准铝质向过碱性演化的趋势。微量元素表现为大离子亲石元素相对高场强元素富集,Rb、Ba、Th、Sr等元素的相对富集和Nb、Ta、P、Ti等元素的负异常。稀土元素表现为轻稀土相对富集的特征,其(La/Yb)N为14.13～25.09,具有Eu的正异常或极微弱的Eu负异常。一些元素比值的线性关系暗示了该杂岩体为岩浆混合成因,基性岩浆的源区为富水的岩石圈地幔,而酸性岩浆是中下地壳中性火成岩在含饱和水条件下部分熔融的产物。这些性质指示川乌鲁杂岩体是在后碰撞拉张环境中由岩石圈地幔熔融的基性岩浆的底侵作用导致地壳的熔融以及后期的岩浆混合作用有关。  相似文献   

19.
大兴安岭扎兰屯地区四班岩体主要由正长花岗岩和二长花岗岩组成,内部发育细粒闪长质包体。二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为303±3Ma和291±3Ma,属于晚古生代岩浆活动的产物。四班花岗质岩石高硅(67.9~77.5 wt%)、富碱(K_2O+Na_2O=7.55~10.79 w%)、相对高铝(Al_2O_3=12.05~16.33 wt%),富集轻稀土元素(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE),而亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti和P等),属于高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩。四班花岗质岩石内部发育的闪长质微粒包体及花岗岩与其伴生的基性岩的"一锅粥"现象,表明四班花岗质岩石具有岩浆混合成因的特征,地球化学特征也支持上述观点。四班岩体显示后碰撞岩浆岩的岩石学及地球化学特征,为后碰撞阶段岩石圈地幔拆沉减薄壳幔相互作用的产物。  相似文献   

20.
Zircon U–Pb ages, geochemical and Sr–Nd isotopic data are presented for the late Carboniferous Baoligaomiao Formation (BG Fm.) and Delewula Formation (DW Fm.) volcanic rocks, widely distributed in northern Inner Mongolia, in the northern part of the Xing'an–Mongolia Orogenic Belt (XMOB). The BG Fm. rocks mainly consist of basaltic andesites and andesites while the DW Fm. rocks include dacites, trachytes, rhyolites, pyroclastic rocks and minor andesites. New LA-ICPMS zircon U–Pb analyses constrain their eruption to late Carboniferous (317–322 Ma and 300–310 Ma, respectively). The BG Fm. volcanic rocks are characterized by enriched large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and depleted high field strength elements (HFSE), with initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.70854–0.70869 and negative εNd(t) (− 2.1 to − 2.4) values. They have low La/Ba (0.03–0.05), high La/Nb (2.05–3.70) ratios and variable Ba/Th (59.5–211) ratios. Such features suggest that they are derived from melting of heterogeneous sources including a metasomatized mantle wedge and Precambrian crustal material. The DW Fm. volcanic rocks are more depleted in HFSE with significant Nb, Ta, P, Ti anomalies. They have high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.72037–0.72234) and strong negative εNd(t) (− 11 to − 11.6) values which indicate those igneous rocks were mainly derived from reworking of the Paleoproterozoic crust. The late Carboniferous volcanic rocks have geochemical characteristics similar to those of the continental arc rocks which indicate the northward subduction of the Paleo Asian Ocean may have continued to the late Carboniferous. The volcanic association of this study together with the early Permian post-collisional magmatic rocks suggests that a tectonic transition from subduction-related continental margin arc volcanism to post-collisional magmatism occurred in the northern XMOB between the late Carboniferous and the early Permian.  相似文献   

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