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1.
利用核磁共振成像技术、图像处理技术进行了岩心分析方法研究。阐述了核磁共振成像原理及图像处理软件功能。通过岩心测试分析计算方法研究,建立了核磁共振成像测试分析计算岩心内部结构,岩心孔隙度参数和孔隙度分布图像、渗透率分布图像,可动流体百分数图像,油水识别图像方法。表明:核磁共振图像不仅能够给出岩心总孔隙度,渗透率物性参数,而且能够给出岩心孔隙度,渗透率分布信息。根据可动流体百分数图像,可观察到可动流体在岩心中的分布情况。核磁共振成像油水识别方法,给出了油水在岩心中的分布情况,并可计算油、水饱和度。建立的岩心磁共振成像分析研究方法,可应用于油田储层评价,开发试验以及提高采收率研究。 相似文献
2.
微焦点X射线计算机层析(CMT)及其在石油研究领域的应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
工业微焦点ＣＴ的Ｘ射线源焦点尺寸小于５微米,成象分辨率明显优于常规焦点ＣＴ。在石油勘探开发研究中;微焦点ＣＴ在许多技术领域进行了应用,取得了崭新的成果：（１）确定岩心的基本物理参数—计算和描绘密度、孔隙度、流体饱和度分布;（２）描述岩心的微观特征—直观描述岩石内部孔隙结构和流体分布特征;（３）特殊油藏岩心分析评价—观察碳酸岩、火成岩等内部一些常规技术无法获得的特征;（４）岩心驱替和提高采收率分析—重建油水在岩心内部的宏观分布状态;（５）其他方面的应用—岩心筛选、地层伤害评价、岩石力学评价等。 相似文献
3.
盛强 《CT理论与应用研究》2012,21(2):197-204
近年来,泡沫流体在三次采油中越来越受到学者重视,在提高三次采油采收率机理研究方面,计算机层析(CT)有着自身技术上的优势。本文利用ACTIS微焦点X-rayCT技术对三次采油中泡沫驱油岩心进行研究与分析,直观地描述岩心中泡沫的特征与分布规律。采用可视化新方法研究得出泡沫驱油中的流体饱和度分布,揭示泡沫驱油特征机理。研究结果对于指导矿场试验具有重要意义。 相似文献
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通过水驱油岩心的CT成像技术,动态、定量、可视化地研究了特低渗透砂岩储层水驱油岩心的微观孔隙结构、含水饱和度分布、吸水能力及微观孔隙结构对驱油效率的影响.研究表明,实验岩心的CT值分布在1819~1961之间,与标准的Berea砂岩相比高出15%左右,属于典型的特低渗透砂岩储层.储层微观孔隙结构是影响油水分布的主要因素.特低渗透砂岩储层开发要高度重视无水采收率.储层致密和微裂缝发育的不均一性是特低渗透砂岩油田驱油效率低的根本原因. 相似文献
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利用核磁共振技术对致密砂岩储层岩心流体参数进行研究,简述致密砂岩储层流体参数核磁共振测量原理及计算岩心流体参数方法。实验确定了岩心流体动用参数T2截止值方法,进行了可动流体致密砂岩储层分类评价研究。油田矿场核磁共振测量岩心含油饱和度、可动流体饱和度,并对可动流体饱和度、含油饱和度识别油水层方法进行研究。表明:实验测定红河区块岩心T2截止值为4.06ms,利用致密砂岩储层岩心可动流体等级划分标准,对致密砂岩储层岩心单井及不同层位、多井之间进行储层比较分类评价。油田矿场核磁共振技术测量计算的含油饱和度结果与常规方法测量的含油饱和度结果对比,表明油田矿场核磁测量含油饱和度是可行且可靠的。岩心含油饱和度与可动流体饱和度比值大小可识别油水层。 相似文献
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玛湖凹陷砾岩储层岩性、孔隙结构复杂，造成储层流体识别困难.通过区块原油样品获取原油不同温度下的体弛豫特征，并利用两种不同体弛豫特征的模拟油样开展实验；在此基础上，选取了部分砾岩样品通过真空加压饱和水、高速离心和真空饱和模拟油的方法快速建立了饱和水、束缚水和饱和油状态，进行流体及模拟不同油水饱和状态的核磁实验分析.实验结果表明：岩心饱和水核磁T2谱的分布范围主要受表面弛豫影响，受油相体弛豫性质的影响，不同黏度油样饱和水状态的核磁谱均与饱和水核磁谱存在差异，就本次实验的岩心样品，油样越稀，差异越明显；含油核磁谱分布形态受油相体弛豫、表面弛豫、孔隙结构和润湿性的综合影响.结合油样的体弛豫特性，利用多组分高斯拟合对两种油样饱和的砾岩核磁T2谱进行了分析，尝试对油相体弛豫信号进行了定量评价. 相似文献
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应用CT成像技术研究岩心孔隙度分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
清楚地识别岩心内部孔隙度分布特征,并对其进行定量描述,有助于深入研究岩心的渗流特性。应用CT成像技术,通过对干岩心和饱和地层水岩心扫描,重建了岩心不同扫描层面、沿某正交切面以及三维孔隙度分布图。应用孔隙度频率分布和累积频率分布曲线得到了岩心孔隙度分布的统计特征。将岩心孔隙度划分为“层面级”和“岩心级”两个级别,选用7种参数对岩心孔隙度分布的集中趋势、离散程度和分布形态进行表征。研究实例表明,同一岩心不同扫描层面孔隙度分布存在明显差异,其集中程度、离散程度和分布形态均有所不同。采用这7种表征参数可精细刻画岩心孔隙度分布特征。 相似文献
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曹永娜 《CT理论与应用研究》2015,24(1):47-56
CT扫描技术不仅可以重建不同驱替液在不同驱替时刻的微观剩余油分布图像,而且通过X射线衰减系数换算成CT值,还可以计算岩心的孔隙度和含油饱和度参数,从而对实验岩心的非均质性和每一驱替过程不同驱替时刻的微观剩余油进行定量分析。分析认为实验岩心在不同驱替阶段微观剩余油类型之间存在量的转化。 相似文献
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CT技术具有无损、三维并可与计算机应用模拟相结合等特点,使其在储层地质研究中作用独特。本文从CT技术特点入手,总结分析其在储层地质研究中的应用发展历程:储层岩石组构识别、储层表征、微观流体输运过程的在线监测及剩余油分布研究等。随着高分辨率工业CT及数字岩心技术的发展,CT扫描三维数据体与数字岩心相结合,不仅可以提取岩石物理属性参数,如储层岩石的孔渗、地层因子、弹性模量、横纵波分析等,建立三维孔喉网络模型,还可以直接对复杂的孔喉系统进行定量化的结构表征和微渗流数值模拟。最后,本文作出展望,随着计算机技术的提高和油气勘探需求的增长,其应用会越来精细,越来越广泛。 相似文献
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地震波传播激发的不同尺度的流固相对运动(宏观、中观和微观)是许多沉积岩地层中地震波频散和衰减的主要原因,然而野外观测和试验测量都难以对非均匀多孔介质孔隙压力弛豫物理过程进行精细刻画.通过数字岩石物理技术,本文建立了三个典型的数字岩心分别用于表征孔隙结构、岩石骨架和斑状饱和流体引起的非均质性,利用动态应力应变模拟技术计算数字岩心的位移和孔隙流体增量图像.通过分析和比较三个数字岩心的位移和孔隙压力增量图像,细致刻画了发生于非均匀含流体多孔介质内的宏观、中观和微观尺度的流固相对运动:1)宏观尺度的波致孔隙流体流动导致波长尺度上数字岩心不同区域的孔隙压力和位移差异;2)中观尺度的流体流动发生在软层与硬层之间、气层与液层之间;3)微观尺度的流体流动发生在孔隙内部或相邻孔隙之间.数值模拟试验也证明基于数字岩心的动态应力应变模拟技术可以从微观尺度上更好的理解波致孔隙流体流动发生的物理机理,从而为建立岩石骨架、孔隙流体、孔隙结构非均质性和弹性波频散-衰减特征的映射关系奠定基础. 相似文献
11.
The contribution discusses the problems with modelling design floods for water structures. The statistical extrapolations of observed flood series of, for example, 80 years “only” to the annual exceedance probability AEP = 0.01 is difficult due to the large variability in extreme values. For large dams, however, the AEP = 0.001 or 0.0001 is required. Most of the uncertainties in hydrological modelling are epistemic (uncertainties in model structure, model parameters, inputs, calibration data, and in measurements) and moreover some measurements can be disinformative. With powerful computers, it is now possible to produce very long series (100 to100,000 years in hourly time step) using precipitation and temperatures computed with a weather model. Within the framework of the Generalised Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) many (thousands) of such continuous simulations are produced and compared to the observed historical data. According to Keith Beven's Manifesto for the equifinality thesis the differences between modelled and observed values should not be larger than some limits of acceptability based on what is known about errors in the input and output observations used for model evaluation (e.g., for flow the current metering data are used). The unacceptable realisations are rejected. We have been working with the frequency version of TOPMODEL in various versions according to the unique characteristics of each catchment. Design hydrographs for water structures are then extracted from the acceptable realisations. The continuous simulation with uncertainty estimation seems nowadays the most promising method of computing design hydrographs for important water structures, even if issues associated with epistemic uncertainty of model assumptions remain. 相似文献
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震源性质的时频分析与事件识别 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
应用时频分析技术研究了近年来发生在朝鲜半岛的核爆炸、化学爆炸与天然地震事件的识别问题,计算了上述三者的瞬时频率、瞬时振幅谱与群延迟等多项参数,提出地震与爆炸的识别指标.初步研究结果表明,对较大事件,上述三者来自震源的激发频率信息有明显差异性,核爆炸源激发的频率明显高于地震,化学爆炸最低.特别是,这些信息指标对于识别小当... 相似文献
14.
Julio C. Miranda 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(7):1103-1110
This paper studies tuned mass dampers (TMDs) resulting in high modal damping for mechanical systems incorporating such devices for the purpose of seismic response reduction. Focusing on the determination of damping and tuning, the proposed methodology identifies a point of multiplicity of complex eigenvalues and eigenvectors, resulting in different parameters for TMDs according to their location with respect to such multiplicity condition. It is shown that significant equal modal damping and average modal damping can be induced by properly tuning highly damped TMDs, obtaining parameters intrinsic to the mechanical systems, and excitation independent. Further, it is shown that the methodology yields, as particular cases, two proposals by others using TMDs for the same purpose of seismic response abatement. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Researchers have long recognized the importance and potential benefits of utilizing the tangent stiffness matrix of a test specimen in hybrid simulations employing implicit and mixed‐integration schemes. However, the computation of the tangent stiffness matrix during testing has proved to be challenging, particularly for test specimens with more than one degree of freedom (dof). This paper presents a new methodology that is more straightforward and simpler than existing techniques for computing the tangent stiffness matrix of a multi‐dof test specimen. The proposed method is combined with the operator‐splitting method (OSM), and the capabilities, advantages and limitations of the new formulation are demonstrated through several examples. The accuracy, stability, and error propagation characteristics of the modified OSM are also studied theoretically as well as numerically. The research results show that the proposed algorithm provides results that are better than those produced via the regular OSM alone, especially for damped structures undergoing highly inelastic behavior during testing. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
The role of bioassay in the pollution control system for water bodies is considered. Studies of the mechanisms of toxic impact of various chemical compounds on aquatic organisms were used to develop a bioindication method to give an integral estimate of water toxicity and determine some classes of chemical pollutants. The results of application of such methods to assessing water quality in Lake Ladoga are given. 相似文献
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建立了一种Timoshenko裂纹梁的分析模型并且获得了闭合形式的挠度解析解。首先,在一致梁的理论框架下,通过引入δ函数模拟裂纹导致的局部柔度,建立用广义函数表示的Timoshenko裂纹梁的微分控制方程,进而得到挠度的闭合形式的解答;其次,根据线弹性断裂力学理论,利用转角及挠度突变与局部柔度系数的关系,建立Timoshenko裂纹梁的模型参数与裂纹深度的显式表示;最后,通过对裂纹深度与挠度、转角和曲率间关系的分析,总结了结构响应的损伤敏感性及其特征,并且通过与引入裂纹奇异单元的有限元结果进行比较,验证了本文所建分析模型及求解方法的正确性。研究结果表明,本文所建立的Timoshenko裂纹梁的分析模型,具有较高的计算精度和效率,在结构模型修正和损伤识别中具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
19.
The estuarine ecosystems are considered as key objects in the Arctic monitoring. Crustacean Saduria entomon, bivalve Portlandia aestuariorum and Cyrtodaria curriana, whitefish Coregonus muksun, C. autumnalis and C. sardinella sardinella and sculpin Triglopsis polaris (= Myoxocephalus quadricornis) are proposed for monitoring of Arctic estuaries. Review of AMAP list of species was carried out. Some species, as included in the World and National ‘Red Books’ and thus being under legislation (polar bear, atlantic and Laptev sea subspecies of walrus, falcon Falco rusticolus) must be left out of the list of species-monitors. The same is applied as in the case of species which often feed on human waste (glaucous gull, fulmar). Instead of using the rare and valuable carnivorous species, appropriately their prey is used as monitors. 相似文献
20.
A framework for a seismic risk model for Greater Cairo 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A.M. Moharram A.Y. Elghazouli J.J. Bommer 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2008,28(10-11):795
Following the adverse effects caused by the moderate Ms 5.4 event of October 1992, the need to model the risk from earthquakes occurring in or near Cairo was shown to be an essential tool to offset this threat in the future. To provide the necessary elements for a risk model, this paper describes a methodology for developing a ground-shaking model as well as an inventory database for the city. In the first part, a scheme is followed to integrate data on geological structures, seismic sources, seismicity and surface soil conditions to build-up an event-based hazard model. In the second part, a brief review of the history of seismic provisions in Egyptian codes is presented, and a detailed assessment of local maps and information is supplemented by results from street surveys to obtain building stock data and geographical resolutions. On the basis of these studies, the city is divided into a number of census-tracts, or geo-codes, of classified building and soil characteristics, representing a fundamental step towards the development of a full loss model. 相似文献