共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 875 毫秒
1.
贺兰山西侧紫泥湖地区晚更新世以来冰缘地貌过程与环境变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
紫泥湖地区座落在贺兰山西边４５ｋｍ处，海拔高度约１２００ｍ，区域地形呈现向北“Ｖ”字形开口的箕状洼地，其上生长旱生植被群落，沿自南而北流的沟谷阶地下发育了冻融 褶皱、冰楔和砂楔等冰缘地貌类型和过程，研究结果表明区域年平均气温末次冰期早期（５５－３５ｋｂＢＰ）较氏１０．５－１２．５℃，末次冰期盛期（２０－１５ｋｂＢＰ）今低１２．５－１３．７ 相似文献
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试论冰缘期的划分依据与对比 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
近几年来随着我国东北大、小兴安岭多年冻土南界的考察(1974,1979,1980)和青藏铁路的勘测,以及青藏综合科学考察的展开(1974—1978),冰缘地貌的研究又重新活跃了起来。同时,东北广大地区、内蒙、山西、冀北,也广泛发现古冰楔、冰卷泥等古冰缘现象。并开始试图划分冰缘期和进行对比。作者感到在如何确定古冰缘现象的时代及其与冰期进行对比等问题上有必要进行及时的讨论,敬请读者指正。 相似文献
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长白山古冰川、冰缘地貌的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
白头山是中国东部发育末次冰期冰川的代表性地点之一。它发育在70000aB.P.形成的火山锥体上。遗留有古冰斗、冰川槽谷、终碛垄等遗迹,地形雪线高度为海拔2200m,属火山口(锥)冰川,时代为晚更新世晚期。该区是中国东北两大现代冰缘区之一,属中纬度垂直冰缘带,冰缘营力以寒冻风化为主,发育了十多种冰缘地貌类型。冰缘带的下限可确定在暗针叶林的下界,约与年平均气温0℃的等温线相一致。 相似文献
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青藏高原东北部15万年来的多的冻土演化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
青藏高原东北部最近１５万年中至少存在５次多年冻土强烈扩展时期第一交天１４０ｋａＢＰ的倒数第二次冰有小各地广泛发育冰楔；第二次发生在末次冰期早期（８０－５３ｋａＢＰ），若尔盖盆地发育融浆扰曲；第三次发生在２７－２３ｋａＢＰ，高原东北缘出现冰楔；第四次发生在２１－１０ｋａｂｐ，巴颜拉山以南地区和若尔盖盆地发育冰楔，黄河源，共和及青海湖周转出现原生砂楔。不考虑构造上升。上述并土扩展时期多年冻土带下界高度 相似文献
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神农架是中国第四纪地质环境演变的热点地区之一。本文通过对第四纪冰川地貌、冰碛残迹及二者关系研究,提供了本区第四纪古冰川发育的多方面证据。神农架地区在第四纪时期曾发生三期冰期和两期冰缘期,即松柏冰期、木鱼坪冰期、龙潭冰期、松香坪冰缘期、神农架冰缘期。本文首次系统地建立了本区第四纪气候地层系列. 相似文献
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山西大同、内蒙古鄂尔多斯冰楔、砂楔群的发现及其环境意义 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
研究了山西大同、内蒙古东胜和乌审旗地区发现的大量冰楔假型、砂楔、寒冻裂隙和南部白城子附近的冰卷泥.根据这些冰缘现象,并参考前人工作成果,划定了晚更新世晚期末次冰期时多年冻土的南界,并根据所获得的年代资料划分了4次冰缘期:33ka BP,30～26ka BP,20～16ka BP和8ka BP左右,当时的温度比今天分别降低8.4℃,12～13℃,10℃和7～10℃. 相似文献
8.
湖北省钟祥第四纪冰缘融冻构造的发现及其意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
笔者于1986年在钟祥首次发现了第四纪地层间的冰缘融冻构造——古冰楔与揉皱,其时代为早更新世末期—中更新世初期。它的发现不仅为建立本区第四纪地层层序,而且为确定更新世北方冰缘冻土的南界和研究长江中下游更新世古气候环境的演变提供了重要的科学依据。 相似文献
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青藏高原东北部15万年来的多年冻土演化 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
青藏高原东北部最近１５万年中至少存在４次多年冻土强烈扩展时期。第一次发生在１４０ｋａＢＰ的倒数第二次冰期，各地广泛发育冰楔；第二次发生在末次冰期早期（８０～５３ｋａＢＰ），若尔盖盆地发育融冻扰曲；第三次发生在２７～２３ｋａＢＰ，高原东北缘出现冰楔；第四次发生在２１～１０ｋａＢＰ，巴颜喀拉山以南地区和若尔盖盆地发育冰楔，黄河源、共和及青海湖周围出现原生砂楔。不考虑构造上升，上述冻土扩展时期多年冻土带下界高度较现代低１７００～１８００ｍ 相似文献
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末次冰期,长白山天池周围有冰斗发育,高2200m左右,东北的广大地区为冰缘环境。许多冰缘形态至今控制着地貌景观。冰后期,长白山的冰川地貌受到冰缘环境的控制,广大地区的冰缘地貌则受到温暖环境的改造。作为气候地貌界限的冰雪线,由末次冰期的44—45°N移至今日的51°N附近。末次冰期以来,气候地貌带表现出沿经度和纬度平行移动的特点 相似文献
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Troy L Péwé 《Geoforum》1973,4(3):15-26
Ice wedge casts are the most accurate and widespread indicators of past permafrost. Many ice wedge casts exist in Alaska, some in areas of existing ice wedges. In addition to indicating paleotemperature conditions and a wider distribution of permafrost in Wisconsinan time than now, casts in Alaska also indicate permafrost in Iliinoian and pre-lllinoian time. Hundreds of ice wedge casts are now known in temperate North America and are described from about 22 widespread localities coast to coast in Canada and United States. Permafrost existed in late Wisconsinan time, 20,000 to 10,000 years ago, along the glacial border in temperate United States. Later permafrost formed north of the glacial border as the continental ice sheet withdrew exposing drift to the rigorous periglacial climate. Ice wedge casts indicate that the ? 7 °C mean annual air isotherm was about 2000 km farther south in late Wisconsinan time than now. 相似文献
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HERBJØRN PRESTHUS HEGGEN JOHN INGE SVENDSEN JAN MANGERUD 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2010,39(1):116-130
Heggen, H. P., Svendsen, J. I. & Mangerud, J. 2009: River sections at the Byzovaya Palaeolithic site – keyholes into the late Quaternary of northern European Russia. Boreas, 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2009.00109.x. ISSN 0300‐9483. The geological history of northern European Russia over the past two glacial cycles is reconstructed from the stratigraphy in river bluffs along the upper reaches of the Pechora River. From a till bed near the base of the sections it is inferred that the Barents–Kara Ice Sheet covered the area during the late Saalian (MIS 6). After deglaciation, and prior to the last interglacial, the area was flooded by an ice‐dammed lake, suggesting that the Pechora Basin was blocked by a subsequent ice advance at the very end of the Saalian. Ice‐wedge casts and periglacial sediments reflect a pronounced cooling with formation of permafrost during the Early Weichselian (MIS 5d). An overlying thick sequence of shallow lacustrine sediments accumulated in the ice‐dammed Lake Komi, formed by the advancing Barents–Kara Ice Sheet 80–100 kyr BP (MIS 5b?). Following drainage of the lake, many of the older formations were eroded by fluvial activity. Animal remains found together with palaeolithic artefacts within debrisflow sediments at the base of one of the incised gullies yielded radiocarbon ages around 28 000–30 000 14C yr BP (33–34 cal. kyr BP). The surface with traces of human activities was subsequently covered by aeolian sediments representing the northern extension of the European belt of periglacial coversand that accumulated in the cold and dry climate during the late Weichselian (MIS 2). The results of this work confirm the assumption that the last shelf‐centred ice sheet that covered this part of Russia occurred during the late Saalian (MIS 6), but that this glaciation was followed by a younger and less extensive ice advance that has not been described before. There are no indications that local glaciers originating in the Ural Mountains reached the Pechora River valley throughout the last two glacial cycles. 相似文献
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Periglacial phenomena in the wooded areas of Northern Sweden - relicts from the Tärendö Interstadial
ROBERT LAGERBÄCK 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1988,17(4):487-499
Frost-shattered bedrock and ventifacts interpreted to be abraded by drifting snow or ice particles occur frequently in the wooded areas of northernmost Sweden. Ice-wedge casts and periglacial involutions are encountered more sporadically. The phenomena cannot be explained by the present or the Holocene climate and demonstrably pre-date the last deglaciation. The relation to glacial and non-glacial stratigraphy, and to ice flow during the latest glacial stade, strongly suggests that the periglacial activity dates from the local Tärendö Interstadial, tentatively correlated with Odderade. The presence of the periglacial features implies not only that different morphological formations survived the erosive impact of the last continental ice sheet but also that in wide areas the very ground surface, including ventifacts in primary position, is the same today as during the interstadial. A similar situation appears to prevail in northernmost Dalecarlia and parts of Härjedalen and Jämtland in central Sweden. 相似文献
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Cryoturbation and slump fold‐like sedimentary structures in ca. 1.9 Ga old dacitic metavolcanic sediments in West Bergslagen, Central Sweden, are recognized as a lowland periglacial environment. This type of environment is comparable with present day tundra in Siberia. Ice‐wedge casts and cryoturbation, together with polygonal frost patterns, are typical geomorphological structures above permafrost in this type of environment. The sedimentary environment could be interpreted as periglacial, broadly comparable to present day tundras. Intensive cryoturbation of the formation and close structural analogy with Quaternary ice‐wedges suggests a cold and humid environment. This discovery is corroborated by a previous report of glacial sediments and structures from NW Australia of ca. 1.8 Ga age. Both occurrences developed at low geographical latitudes, at locations far apart in the Late Palaeoproterozoic supercontinent Columbia. Either suggest the existence of a ca. 100 Ma long epoch of extreme, though possibly intermittent glaciations during the ca. 1.4 Ga long ‘Proterozoic gap’ (～2.2–0.77 Ga) from which no convincing glacial deposits were previously known. 相似文献
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青藏高原中、东部全新世以来多年冻土 演化及寒区环境变化* 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
古冻土存在的依据和判别标志主要是古冻土遗迹(深埋藏多年冻土层、古冻土上限、融化夹层、厚层地下冰)和古冰缘现象(古冻胀丘、古融冻褶皱、砂楔、土楔、冰楔假型、风成沙丘、黄土层、厚层泥炭和腐殖质层等)。文章结合大量的测年数据,利用古代和现代冻土以及冰缘现象的时空分布差异综合分析对比,将全新世以来青藏高原多年冻土演化过程和环境变化划分为6个较明显的时段:早全新世的气候剧变期(10800aB.P.至8500~7000aB.P.)、中全新世大暖期(8500~7000aB.P.至4000~3000aB.P.)、晚全新世寒冷期(4000~3000aB.P.至1000aB.P.)、晚全新世温暖期(1000aB.P.至500aB.P.)、全新世末小冰期(500aB.P.至100aB.P.)及近代升温期(100aB.P.至今);同时,概述了各时段高原冻土的发育条件、分布范围及总面积,和当时高原上的古气候、古地理环境。 相似文献
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Distribution and chronology of Pleistocene permafrost features in France: Database and first results
Pascal Bertran Eric Andrieux Pierre Antoine Sylvie Coutard Laurent Deschodt Philippe Gardère Marion Hernandez Claude Legentil Arnaud Lenoble Morgane Liard Norbert Mercier Olivier Moine Luca Sitzia Brigitte Van Vliet‐Lanoë 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2014,43(3):699-711
Numerous periglacial features (polygons, nets, soil stripes, ice‐wedge pseudomorphs and sand‐wedge casts, involutions) have been recorded in France by examining bibliographical sources and aerial photographs. These data show that a large part of France was affected by permafrost during the Pleistocene and only the southern Aquitaine Basin and Languedoc seem to have been beyond its maximum extent. The first OSL ages obtained from the aeolian infill of wedge structures indicate that at least two phases of thermal contraction cracking occurred in southwestern France between ～25 and 36 ka. Chronostratigraphical data from loess in northern France indicate that these episodes correspond to the formation of ice‐wedge networks associated with tundra gleys. In the latter region, two additional permafrost episodes probably occurred during the Last Glacial, the older one corresponding to the end of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4 around 60 ka and the more recent one to MIS 2 around 19–16 ka. Although stratigraphical data indicate that these episodes were relatively short (about one millennium), relict permafrost may have existed for longer periods in northern France. 相似文献
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Chronology and palaeoenvironmental implications of the ice‐wedge pseudomorphs and composite‐wedge casts on the Magdalen Islands (eastern Canada) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Audrey M. Rémillard Bernard Hétu Pascal Bernatchez Jan‐Pieter Buylaert Andrew S. Murray Guillaume St‐Onge Martin Geach 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2015,44(4):658-675
The Magdalen Islands are a valuable terrestrial record, evidencing the complex glacial and periglacial history of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Thirteen structures interpreted as ice‐wedge pseudomorphs or composite‐wedge casts were observed at four sites on the southern Magdalen Islands and testify to the former presence of permafrost under periglacial conditions. These features truncate Carboniferous sandstone or Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) glacial and glaciomarine diamicts, both overlain by subtidal or coastal units. Six optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and four radiocarbon ages were obtained from both host and infilled sedimentary units. These ages provide the first absolute chronological data on these structures, shedding new light on the relationships between glacial and periglacial phases. Our chronostratigraphic data suggest that, after the deglaciation and the emersion of the archipelago, thermal contraction cracks grew during the cold period of the Younger Dryas (11–10 ka; 12.9–11.5 cal. ka BP). The Younger Dryas, which is well documented in the Maritime Provinces of Canada, occurred after a pedogenesis phase associated with the Allerød warm period evidenced by the well‐developed palaeopodzol ubiquitous on the Magdalen Islands. 相似文献
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冰缘地貌与沉积是冰冻圈环境变化的载体,对其开展深入研究对了解青藏高原地表过程与过去气候变化,具有重要意义。基于青藏高原（格尔木-亚东）冰缘地貌和沉积野外记录和实验分析,获得以下认识：格尔木在LGM时多年冻土至少下限到达海拔2 900 m,年均气温降至< -4 ℃,比现在至少低9 ℃,气候寒冷干燥;冰消期和全新世存在极端干冷的气候事件,可能存在地面温度< -10 ℃的冬季迅速降温气候期。楚玛尔、那曲谷露和纳木错的冰楔假型分别记录了末次冰期冷期多年冻土扩张,亚东古砂楔记录了早全新世冷事件。西藏羊八井泥炭沉积剖面孢粉和测年揭示,该区自新仙女木事件以来经历了严寒（12.8~9.8 ka）、暖湿（9.8~5.0 ka）、干冷（5.0 ka至今）的气候阶段。青藏高原（格尔木-亚东）广泛发育的冻融褶皱、成层坡积、风沙沉积等,是古环境重建的重要佐证,具有刻画冷暖-干湿的意义。 相似文献