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1.
山西省石墙区铝土矿地质与地球化学特征研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
[摘 要]山西省原平市石墙区铝土矿属于典型的喀斯特型铝土矿。含矿岩系自下而上包括铁质粘土层、铝土矿层、粘土层,且含矿岩系一般包含两个明显的沉积旋回。矿体主体呈层状、似层状产出,矿石结构以隐晶质结构为主,局部出现碎屑和豆鲕粒结构。矿石构造大都为块状构造。矿物学分析显示,硬水铝石、针铁矿、锐钛矿、高岭石是主要的组成矿物,另外还含有石英、伊利石、绿泥石等矿物。地球化学分析显示,主量元素主要包括Al2O3、SiO2、Fe2O3、H2O+及TiO2,微量元素中碱性和碱土元素Li、Sr、Be、Cs、Ba 及酸土元素Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、W 均表现为明显富集,且Zr 和Hf 之间以及Nb 和Ta 之间具有高度的相关性。地球化学指标Zr/ Hf、Nb/ Ta 以及Eu/ Eu*- TiO2/ Al2O3图解显示,底板碳酸盐岩是山西省原平市石墙区铝土矿的重要源岩。 相似文献
2.
桂西田阳堆积型铝土矿矿物学及地球化学 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[摘 要]桂西田阳堆积型铝土矿产于第四纪红土层中。本文通过对桂西田阳第四系堆积型铝土矿进行一系列矿物学与地球化学研究,探索铝土矿的物质来源。矿物学分析显示铝土矿石中主要矿物为硬水铝石、赤铁矿和锐钛矿,含有少量高岭石、鲕绿泥石、三水铝石、针铁矿、金红石、伊利石、蒙脱石和石英等。地球化学分析显示,组成铝土矿石的主要化学组分有Al2O3、Fe2O3、SiO2、TiO2、FeO 和H2O+;微量元素分析显示,铝土矿石相对地壳和原始地幔富集B、Li、Ga、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、W、Th、U 等元素,而亏损Ni、Cr 等元素。矿石中明显富集稀土元素,稀土总量变化大,轻重稀土分异明显,轻稀土元素富集明显;矿石具有明显的铈异常和铕异常,且铕异常相对稳定,为一致的负异常。元素相关性分析显示常量元素间相关性较差;部分微量元素如Zr、Hf、Nb 和Ta 间呈现出较高的正相关性。通过Zr/ Hf、Nb/ Ta 图解、Eu/ Eu* - TiO2/ Al2O3图解和Zr-Cr-Ga 图解综合分析显示铝土矿物质来源复杂,底板碳酸盐岩和周围火成岩都为铝土矿提供物源。 相似文献
3.
[摘 要] 滇东南地区上二叠统吴家坪阶下部铝土矿不整合于峨眉山玄武岩或灰岩之上,查明其物质来源对铝土矿勘探具有重要意义。对铝土矿及峨眉山大火成岩省玄武岩、花岗岩及下伏灰岩的地球化学指标进行研究,结果表明:滇东南铝土矿常量元素主要由SiO2、Fe2O3、Al2O3、TiO2 和FeO 组成;铝土矿中富集Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta 元素,表明Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta 等高场强元素在滇东南地区铝土矿矿化过程中较为稳定,且Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta 表现出良好的相关性;铝土矿球粒陨石标准化曲线与峨眉山玄武岩配分曲线趋势一致,均富集轻稀土元素,而与下伏灰岩差异较大,且Zr-Hf、Nb-Ta 图解与峨眉山玄武岩呈线性关系,而与矮郎河过铝质花岗岩的相关性不强。据此推断滇东南地区上二叠统吴家坪阶下部铝土矿主要物质来源为峨眉山玄武岩。 相似文献
4.
大黑山铝土矿赋存于上二叠统宣威组底部,下伏地层为峨眉山玄武岩。矿石结构主要以泥晶结构为主,具有少量鲕状、粒屑结构。矿石构造以致密块状构造为主,局部呈层状、似层状。铝土矿石中Al2O3与Fe2O3、Si O2呈现较好的负相关关系,Ti O2与Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta相关性较好,Zr-Hf、Nb-Ta的相关性拟合度很高。铝土矿与峨眉山玄武岩样品具有相似的稀土元素配分模式。综合稳定元素相关性、微量元素及稀土元素标准化图解、lg Ni和lg Cr二元图解等分析方法对大黑山铝土矿的成矿物质来源进行探讨,研究结果表明铝土矿的成矿物质来源主要来自峨眉山玄武岩。 相似文献
5.
重庆南川-武隆铝土矿属于渝南-黔北铝土矿成矿带,为喀斯特型铝土矿床。经显微镜、X射线粉晶衍射、矿物自动分析仪（MLA）、扫面电子显微镜等方法对该矿床矿物学的研究,发现组成铝土矿的主要矿物为一水硬铝石、高岭石、绿泥石,次要矿物为伊利石、一水软铝石、三水铝石、鲕绿泥石、菱铁矿、赤铁矿、针铁矿、黄铁矿、锐钛矿、金红石、磷灰石、石英、锆石、方解石、长石及稀土矿物等。矿石组构及矿物组合表明形成铝土矿的沉积/成岩环境为接近于潜流的环境。矿石结构和锆石形态指示成矿物质经过了短距离的搬运。地球化学研究结果显示,组成铝土矿的主要化学成分为Al2O3、TFeO、SiO2和TiO2,铝土矿化过程中REE、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、Th、Sc、Li和Ga发生富集。形成铝土矿的母岩物质主要来自下伏页岩的风化作用,灰岩和酸性火山岩对铝土矿的形成也有一定的贡献。结合稳定同位素资料,认为铝土矿的形成可能与生物作用有关。 相似文献
6.
The Guangou bauxite deposit in western Henan, China, is located in the North China Block and to the north of the North Qinling orogenic belt. The orebody is hosted within the lower member of the Carboniferous Benxi Formation, which overlies unconformably upon the Ordovician Majiagou Formation. In the lower member of the Benxi Formation, the bauxite orebody (with a diaspore–illite–anatase mineral assemblage) is sandwiched between underlying ferric clay (illite–hematite–goethite) and overlying top clay (kaolinite–quartz–goethite). According to field observations and geochemical evidence including trace- and rare-earth-element (REE) compositions, especially Zr/Hf ratios, the ferric clays were weathered from the underlying argillaceous limestones in the Majiagou Formation. During this weathering process, trace elements S, Zn, Ni, Cr, V, Sc, F, Ba, and Be are depleted; Li, Rb, and B are enriched; and Zr, Hf, Bi, Ta, Ga, Nb, and Th are relatively immobile. REEs exhibit evident differentiation with enrichment of La, Ce, Pr, and Nd and depletion of Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu. The bauxite formed in weak reducing, slightly basic water conditions according to the geneses of coexisting diaspore and anatase, and it was altered during the epigenetic and second exposure periods, forming kaolinite and goethite, respectively. Interelemental relationship analyses of the ores suggest that the elemental behaviors of trace elements and REEs in the bauxitization process are mainly controlled by the mineral compositions in bauxite ore and chemical properties of the elements. For instance, zircon, rutile, and anatase contain Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, W, and U. Based on geochemical evidence, together with age data and chemical compositions of the detrital minerals, both distant igneous rocks in the plate margin and Paleozoic carbonates and Precambrian rocks inside North China Block provide the miscellaneous material for the bauxite ore and the top clay. 相似文献
7.
Karstic bauxite deposits are widespread in Central Guizhou Province, SW China, and high-grade ores are frequently sandwiched with overlying coal and underlying iron-rich layers and form a special “coal–bauxite–iron” structure. The Lindai deposit, which is one of the most representative karstic bauxite deposits in Central Guizhou Province, was selected as a case study. Based on textural features and iron abundances, bauxite ores in the Lindai deposit are divided into three types of ores, i.e., clastic, compact, and high-iron. The bauxite ores primarily comprise diaspore, boehmite, kaolinite, illite, and hematite with minor quartz, smectite, pyrite, zircon, rutile, anatase, and feldspar. The Al2O3 (53–76.8 wt.%) is the main chemical contents of the bauxite ore samples in the Lindai district, followed by SiO2, Fe2O3, TiO2, CaO, MgO, S, and P etc. Our geological data on the Lindai deposit indicated that the ore-bearing rock series and its underlying stratum have similar rare earth elements distribution pattern and similar Y/Ho, Zr/Hf, and Eu/Eu1 values; additionally, all ore-bearing rock samples are rich in MgO (range from 0.16 wt.% to 0.68 wt.%), and the plots of the dolomites and laterites lie almost on or close to the weathering line fit by the Al-bearing rocks in Zr vs. Hf and Nb vs. Ta diagrams; suggesting that the underlying Middle Cambrian Shilengshui Formation dolomite is the parent rock of bauxite resources in the Lindai district.Simulated weathering experiments on the modern laterite from the Shilengshui Formation dolomite in the Lindai bauxite deposit show that hydrogeological conditions are important for karstic bauxite formation: Si is most likely to migrate, its migration rate is several magnitudes higher than those of Al and Fe under natural conditions; the reducing inorganic acid condition is the most conducive to Al enrichment and Si removal; Fe does not migrate easily in groundwater, Al enrichment and Fe removal can occur only in acidic and reducing conditions with the presence of organic matter.The geological and experimental studies show that “coal–bauxite–iron” structure in Lindai deposit is formed under certain hydrogeological conditions, i.e., since lateritic bauxite or Al-rich laterite deposited upon the semi-closed karst depressions, Si can be continuously removed out under neutral/acidic groundwater conditions; the coal/carbonaceous rock overlying the bauxitic materials were easily oxidized to produce acidic (H2S, H2SO4, etc.) and reductant groundwater with organic materials that percolated downward, resulting in enrichment of Al in underlying bauxite; it also reduced Fe3+ to its easily migrating form Fe2+, moving downward to near the basal carbonate culminated in precipitating of ferruginous (FeS2, FeCO3, etc.) strata of the “coal–bauxite–iron” structure. Thus, the bauxitic materials experienced Al enrichment and Si and Fe removal under above certain hydrogeological conditions forming the high-quality bauxite. 相似文献
8.
滇东南地区晚二叠世铝土矿属典型的喀斯特型铝土矿,矿体赋存于上二叠统吴家坪组(龙潭组),分析其地球化学特征对研究其物质来源具有重要意义。全岩分析显示铝土矿石成分以Al2O3、Fe2O3、SiO2和TiO2为主,其中Al2O3与Fe2O3 、SiO2具有较好的负相关关系。微量元素Cr、Zr、 Hf、Ta、Th、U和稀土元素在铝土矿矿化过程中不断富集,元素Zr-Hf、Nb-Ta之间具有明显的正相关关系。lgCr-lgNi图解、稳定元素比值(Zr/Hf)及稀土元素配分模式等地球化学特征说明峨眉山玄武岩为铝土矿的形成提供了主要的物质来源,同时下伏碳酸盐岩也提供了部分成矿物质。 相似文献
9.
A previous study briefly described the occurrence of a new type of Nb(Ta)-Zr(Hf)-REY-Ga (REY: rare earth elements and yttrium) polymetallic mineralization in eastern Yunnan, southwest China. In this paper, the mineralogical and geochemical features have been further advanced through a study of two regionally extensive and relatively flat-lying mineralized layers from No. XW drill core. The layers are clay-altered volcanic ash and tuffaceous clay, and are dominated by clay minerals (mixed layer illite/smectite, kaolinite, berthierine, and chamosite); with lesser amounts of quartz and variable amounts of anatase, siderite and calcite; along with trace pyrite, barite, zircon, ilmenite, galena, chalcopyrite, and REE-bearing minerals. The mineralized samples have higher Al2O3/TiO2 values (13.7–41.4) and abundant rare metal elements (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, REE, Ga, Th, and U) whereas less mineralized samples are rich in V, Cr, Co, and Ni and have lower Al2O3/TiO2 values (2.32–7.67). The mineralized samples also have strong negative δEu in chondrite-normalized REE patterns. Two processes are most likely responsible for the geochemical and mineralogical anomalies of the mineralized samples: airborne volcanic ash and multi-stage injection of low-temperature hydrothermal fluids. Based on paragenetic analysis, this polymetallic mineralization is derived from the interaction between alkaline volcanic ashes and subsequent percolation of low-temperature fluids. The intense and extensive alkaline volcanism of the early Late Permian inferred from this study possibly originated from the coeval Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP). This unique Nb(Ta)-Zr(Hf)-REE-Ga mineralization style has significant economic and geological potential for the study of mineralization of the lowest Xuanwei Formation. 相似文献
10.
桂西地区铝土矿为典型喀斯特型,包括二叠系沉积型和第四系堆积型两亚类。堆积型铝土矿是沉积型铝土矿经抬升、破碎、风化,最后堆积于喀斯特洼地中形成。以平果教美铝土矿为研究对象,探索堆积型铝土矿形成过程中矿物的变化与元素迁移。沉积型矿石的矿物组成包括硬水铝石、鲕绿泥石、锐钛矿及少量针铁矿、金红石和高岭石;堆积型矿石的矿物组成主要为硬水铝石、锐钛矿、高岭石及少量三水铝石和鲕绿泥石。转化过程中堆积型矿石中的硬水铝石含量明显增加,鲕绿泥石含量明显减少。沉积型铝土矿的主要化学组成为Al2O3、SiO2、FeO和TiO2;堆积型为Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2和Fe2O3。两类矿石中元素Zr 、Ba、Nb、V含量均较高,稀土总量变化大,富集轻稀土。质量平衡计算表明堆积型铝土矿形成过程中Al、Ba、Sr、Y等元素增加,而Si、Fe、Ti、Nb、V、Ce等元素减少,其余元素变化不明显。 相似文献
11.
云南文山县天生桥地区铝土矿是典型的沉积型铝土矿,矿体赋存于上二叠统龙潭组,其下伏地层为上石炭统灰岩或与峨眉山大火成岩省有关的玄武岩。矿石以泥晶结构为主,含少量粒屑结构与鲕粒结构;矿石的结构特征表明风化物质可能经过短距离的搬运。常量元素分析结果显示铝土矿石中Al2O3分别与Fe2O3 和TiO2具有较好的负相关关系。在铝土矿矿化过程中,微量元素Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta和Bi相对于Li、Rb、Sr、Ba不断富集。元素Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta 分别与TiO2显示较高的相关性。运用稳定元素相关性(如Zr-Hf、Nb-Ta)、lgNi和lgCr二元图解以及稀土元素配分模式等方法探讨矿床成矿物质来源,研究结果表明玄武岩为铝土矿的形成提供了主要的物质来源,下伏碳酸盐岩可能也提供了少量的物质来源。 相似文献
12.
The Mandan and Deh-now bauxite deposits are located 40 km northeast of the Dehdasht city in the Zagros simply fold belt. These deposits occur in eroded major NW–SE trending anticlines and occupy karst cavities near or at the boundary between the Sarvak and Ilam Formations. Local uplifts at the end of the Cenomanian and the mid-Turonian caused erosion and karstification of the Sarvak Formation. These unconformities in the Upper Cretaceous favoured the formation and enrichment of bauxite deposits in the Zagros fold belt. The bauxite sequence in the Mandan deposit consists of white, gray, black, pisolitic, red, and yellow bauxites. This sequence was repeated in the Deh-Now area, but without gray and black bauxites. The present mineralogical studies of the Sarvak Formation and the Mandan and Deh-now bauxite deposits indicate oxidizing to reducing conditions during the Upper Cretaceous in the Zagros fold belt, which had a significant effect on the compositions of the bauxites. At least two phases of bauxitization can be distinguished in the study area: (i) an oxidizing phase represented by boehmite, diaspore, hematite and kaolinite; and (ii) a reducing phase represented by pyrite and chlorite. Geochemical data show that trace elements, like Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Th, and U, were enriched during bauxitization. The bauxite deposits and carbonate rocks show similar REE patterns, namely they are enriched in REEs although the LREEs are more enriched than the HREEs. Mass change calculations demonstrate that Mg, Mn, Ca, K, and P2O5 were leached out of the weathered system whereas Al, Fe, and Si become concentrated in the residual system. This study indicates that the Mandan and Deh-now deposits are karst-type bauxites formed by karstification and weathering of the Sarvak Formation. 相似文献
13.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2016,76(1):13-37
The Mombi bauxite deposit is located in 165 km northwest of Dehdasht city, southwestern Iran. The deposit is situated in the Zagros Simply Fold Belt and developed as discontinuous stratified layers in Upper Cretaceous carbonates (Sarvak Formation). Outcrops of the bauxitic horizons occur in NW-SE trending Bangestan anticline and are situated between the marine neritic limestones of the Ilam and Sarvak Formations. From the bottom to top, the deposit is generally consisting of brown, gray, pink, pisolitic, red, and yellow bauxite horizons. Boehmite, diaspore, kaolinite, and hematite are the major mineral components, while gibbsite, goethite, anatase, rutile, pyrite, chlorite, quartz, as well as feldspar occur to a lesser extent. The Eh–pH conditions during bauxitization in the Mombi bauxite deposit show oxidizing to reducing conditions during the Upper Cretaceous. This feature seems to be general and had a significant effect on the mineral composition of Cretaceous bauxite deposits in the Zagros fold belt. Geochemical data show that Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3 and TiO2 are the main components in the bauxite ores at Mombi and immobile elements like Al, Ti, Nb, Zr, Hf, Cr, Ta, Y, and Th were enriched while Rb, Ba, K, Sr, and P were depleted during the bauxitization process. Chondrite-normalized REE pattern in the bauxite ores indicate REE enrichment (ΣREE = 162.8–755.28 ppm, ave. ∼399.36 ppm) relative to argillic limestone (ΣREE = 76.26–84.03 ppm, ave. ∼80.145 ppm) and Sarvak Formation (ΣREE = 40.15 ppm). The REE patterns also reflect enrichment in LREE relative to HREE. Both positive and negative Ce anomalies (0.48–2.0) are observed in the Mombi bauxite horizons. These anomalies are related to the change of oxidation state of Ce (from Ce3+ to Ce4+), ionic potential, and complexation of Ce4+ with carbonate compounds in the studied horizons. It seems that the variations in the chemistry of ore-forming solutions (e.g., Eh and pH), function of carbonate host rock as a geochemical barrier, and leaching degree of lanthanide-bearing minerals are the most important controlling factors in the distribution and concentration of REEs. Several lines of evidences such as Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta ratios as well as similarity in REE patterns indicate that the underlying marly limestone (Sarvak Formation) could be considered as the source of bauxite horizons. Based on mineralogical and geochemical data, it could be inferred that the Mombi deposit has been formed in a karstic environment during karstification and weathering of the Sarvak limy Formation. 相似文献
14.
The present study focuses on the Late Cretaceous Bidgol bauxite deposit in the Zagros Simply Fold Belt, SW Iran. The orebody is located in the eroded major NW–SE trending Koh-e-Hosseyn anticline and hosted as discontinuous stratified layers and lenses within the upper member of the Cenomanian–Turonian Sarvak Formation. Detailed mineralogical analysis reveals that diaspore, hematite, goethite, anatase, clinochlore, chamosite, and calcite are the major mineral components accompanied by minor amounts of detrital and REE-bearing minerals such as rutile, zircon and parisite. The ore texture suggest that the bauxite material has an authigenic origin but in some parts it has been transported short distances from a primary in situ environment and redeposited in karstic depressions. The spheroidal pisolites of the Bidgol bauxite formed under conditions of low water activity, favouring the formation of large diaspore cores and a single dry-to-wet climatic fluctuation. The mass change calculations relative to the immobile element Ti show that elements such as Si, Fe, Mg, K, Na and Sr are leached out of the weathered system; Al, Ni, Zr, Ga, Cr and Ba are concentrated in the residual system; and Hf, Ta, Co, Rb, Cs, Be, and U are relatively immobile during the bauxitisation processes. The Nb, Th, Y, V, Sc, Sn and ΣREE are relatively immobile in the initial stage of bauxitisation processes in the bauxite ores, but were slightly mobile at the later stage of bauxitisation. Geochemical data reveal progressive enrichment of the REE and intense LREE/HREE fractionation toward the lower parts of the bauxite profile. Cerium behaves differently from the other REEs (especially LREE) and show positive anomalies in the upper horizons that gradually become negative in the deeper parts of the profile. The distribution and fractionation of trace elements and REEs during the bauxitisation process in the Bidgol deposit are mainly controlled by the presence of REE-bearing minerals, fluctuations in soil solution pH, REE ionization potential and the presence of bicarbonates or organic matter. Geochemical analyses confirm a protolith contribution from the bedrock argillaceous limestone and suggest that the source material for the Bidgol bauxite was provided from a siliciclastic material derived from a continental margin. The mid-Turonian uplift led to the formation of karstic topography, rubbly breccia and a layer of ferruginous–argillaceous debris that was affected by lateritic weathering under humid tropical climate. Subsequently, mobile elements are removed from the profiles, while Al, Fe and Ti are enriched, resulting in the formation of the pristine bauxite materials. When the platform subsided into the water again, the pristine bauxitic materials were partly converted to bauxite. During the exposure of bauxite orebodies on the limbs and crests of anticlines and subsequent eroding and accumulation in the karstic depressions during folding and faulting in Oligocene–Miocene, important factors such as intensity of the weathering, drainage and floating flow may have improved the qualities of the bauxite ores. 相似文献
15.
《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2011,40(6):701-712
Most of the karstic bauxite deposits in China are enriched in REE, and the REE has commonly been considered to be adsorbed on the surface of clay or diaspore minerals as ion state. However, occurrence of REE minerals in the bauxite deposits has not been reported by far. In the Quyang bauxite deposit from Guangxi province, we find REE minerals. The minerals are parisite and churchite. Parisite is widely distributed in the ooids and matrix, inducing positive Ce anomaly of the ores; whereas, churchite is rare and occurred in the core of ooid. The compositions of the REE minerals show the Eu anomaly can change gently during the weathering, and the Eu anomaly analyses suggest that the REE in the ores are mostly derived from the underlying carbonates. The parisite is formed in an alkaline condition, while churchite in an acidic situation; the co-existence of the two minerals in the ores suggests the Permian environment for bauxite formation is complex with great change of pH value. Moreover, parisite is inferred to be formed earlier than the churchite. 相似文献
16.
塔里木北部二叠纪长英质火山岩年代学及地球化学特征 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
大面积分布于塔里木盆地的二叠纪玄武岩构成了面积250000km2的大火成岩省(LIP),长英质火山岩的发现为塔里木二叠纪火山作用的研究打开了新的窗口。本文从塔北地区约5000m深的钻井中收集了4件二叠纪长英质火山岩的样品。通过对其进行锆石U-Pb同位素测试,得出其形成时代为274~282Ma,为塔里木大火成岩省晚期岩浆作用的产物。岩石具有高钾的特征K2O+Na2O=7.29%~8.34%,K2O/Na2O>1,大部分属于高钾钙碱性系列,且属于过铝质(A/CNK=1.32~1.53)。具有富集LREE和Zr、Hf、Y,亏损Sr、P、Ti、Nb、Ta等特征,微量元素分布曲线形态与地壳相近,具有右倾的稀土元素配分曲线,且显示出一定的负铕异常。通过Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的分析得出其源区有大量地壳物质,这与其具有较高的Th、U含量和与地壳平均值相似的Nb/La、Nb/U、Th/Ta相一致。综合年代学、地球化学特征及构造环境的判断,认为塔北地区二叠纪长英质火山岩形成于地幔柱活动背景下的地壳物质的部分熔融。 相似文献
17.
新疆西准噶尔达尔布特构造-岩浆带分布大量的中酸性侵入体,其成因类型和侵位期次对于认识区域岩浆演化具有重要意义。通过对玛依勒山北段塔尔根一带的岩体进行野外地质调查,并结合LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学及岩石地球化学分析,确定其形成时代、岩石成因及形成的构造环境。塔尔根一带岩体主要由正长花岗岩和二长花岗岩组成,正长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为296.6±2.0Ma(n=27,MSWD=0.33),属早二叠世早期。岩石地球化学研究表明,其具有高硅、富碱、低钛和铝、贫钙镁,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、K及高场强元素Zr、Hf,强烈亏损Sr、Eu、P、Ti,中等亏损Ba、Nb、Ta等元素,104Ga/Al值及Zr+Nb+Ce+Y含量较高的特征,属碱性准铝质-弱过铝质A型花岗岩,为低压高温条件下长英质地壳物质部分熔融的产物。综合区域构造演化并结合前人认识可知,西准噶尔地区在晚石炭世—早二叠世仍处于俯冲体系,很可能与晚石炭世洋脊俯冲作用有关。 相似文献
18.
Permian karstic bauxite and its Quaternary derivative, in western Guangxi, southwestern, South China Block, possess a total tonnage greater than 0.5 billion tons. The primary late Permian karstic bauxite formed in reduced environment in the background of Tethyan accretionary orogenesis. And as one consequence of Cenozoic convergence of the Indian and Eurasia continents, the primary orebody was uplifted, eroded and re-sedimented within Quaternary laterite. The geochemical variation and its controls during the ore transformation from Permian to Quaternary remain poorly understood. Quaternary ore blocks comprise an inner zone of fresh ore, and then it gradually transited through a middle zone to a margin with extensive weathering. One such bauxite block was selected and further subdivided into twenty-three samples for geochemical and mineralogical analysis. The inner and middle zones contain similar mineralogical compositions, dominated by diaspore and amesite, with minor illite, anatase, goethite, pyrite, zircon, and rutile. The margin is composed of diaspore, with small amounts of amesite, boehmite, illite, goethite, anatase, kaolinite, zircon, rutile, and barite. Bauxite in all three zones is composed of mainly Al, Si, Fe, and Ti, and high contents of Zr, Cr, Li, F, S, Zn, V, Sr, Nb, Ba, and REE. Variations in Fe2+ and Fe3+ between the three zones were observed. The elements Si, Al, Fe2+, Mg, Ba, Cr, F, Li, Ni, Zn, and REE decrease from the core of the ore block outwards, corresponding to an increase in S and Fe3+. Depletions in Si, Al, Fe2+, Mg, Ba, and Cr were caused by the dissolution of amesite. Most of the Al and Si in amesite were lost during the weathering, and minor retained to form kaolinite. Depletions in Li, Ni, and Zn resulted from changes in the depositional environment between the late Permian and Quaternary. Dissolution of REE-bearing fluorocarbonates resulted in depletions of REE and F. The enrichment of Fe3+ and S was related to the precipitation of goethite, hematite, and barite in an oxidizing environment, while local enrichment of Ce resulted from the redox change of Ce3+ → Ce4+ under the same condition. This shows that the chemical composition of laterite enwrapping the bauxite also took part in Quaternary bauxite transformation. This study shows that the elements migrations during bauxite transformation were influenced by multiple independent factors except for the elemental attributes. 相似文献
19.
J.-H. Yu S. Y. O’Reilly L. Zhao W. L. Griffin M. Zhang X. Zhou S.-Y. Jiang L.-J. Wang R.-C. Wang 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2007,90(3-4):271-300
Summary The F-rich Hongshan pluton in the eastern Nanling Range, southern China, is a topaz-bearing albite leucogranite. It is distinctive
from other topaz-bearing felsic rocks in South China with respect to age, size, geochemical evolution and topaz mode and morphology.
The Hongshan granites are highly peraluminous and characterized by high K2O/Na2O, Si, Rb, Cs, Nb, Ta and F, and low Ca, Ba, Sr, Zr, Hf, P, K/Rb, Zr/Hf and Eu/Eu*. The granites show significant trace-element variations with magma evolution, with increasing Rb, Cs, Nb, Ta, Sn, W and decreasing
Sr, Ba, Zr, Hf, Y, REE, Pb, Th, K/Rb, Zr/Hf, Th/U and Eu/Eu*. These changes dominantly reflect fractional crystallization of plagioclase, biotite and accessory minerals such as zircon
and monazite. The granites also exhibit a decrease in ɛNd(t = 225 Ma) from −7.9 to −11.7 with magma evolution. Modeling shows
that the Nd isotopic variation could result from assimilation of the Taoxi Group wall rocks during fractional crystallization.
The Hongshan pluton also shows spatial geochemical variations; the most evolved parts are located in the southeastern part
of the pluton, which would be the most likely target area for rare-metal mineralization commonly associated with other topaz-bearing
granites.
Zircon grains from two rock types in the Hongshan body were analyzed in situ for U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic values. The concordant zircon grains mostly range from 218 to 230 Ma with an average of 224.6
± 2.3 Ma (Indosinian). Some zircons with different internal structures and Hf isotope compositions, as well as monazite fragments,
yield U–Pb ages of ca. 280 to 240 Ma, suggesting older thermal events in the studied area. The ɛHf(t) of these older zircons
is strongly negative (−12.3), implying a crustal source with a Paleoproterozoic model age, similar to that for the Proterozoic
Zhoutan Group. The main (∼225 Ma) zircon population exhibits less negative ɛHf(t) (−3.0 to −7.6) and Mesoproterozoic model
ages, suggesting that the original magma of the Hongshan granite was generated from deeper Mesoproterozoic crust. 相似文献
20.
桂西大新-钦甲地区辉绿岩脉地球化学与锆石U-Pb同位素年代学及对碳硅泥岩型铀矿床成因的启示 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
碳硅泥岩型铀矿床是我国铀矿地质工作者建立的铀矿床类型,是我国四大铀矿工业类型之一。桂西地区是我国华南地区一个重要的碳硅泥岩型铀矿床产出区域,包括大新(373)铀矿床等多个典型铀矿床(点)。研究辉绿岩与矿床成因的联系,对重新认识矿床成因有重要意义。本文在对桂西大新-钦甲地区碳硅泥岩型铀矿床和辉绿岩脉野外地质研究的基础上,系统研究了辉绿岩的地质特征、岩石学、地球化学特征以及其中锆石的U-Pb同位素年代学特征,在此基础上,探讨了辉绿岩的成岩与碳硅泥岩型铀矿床成矿间的关系。元素地球化学特征显示Rb、U、Th、Ba等大离子亲石元素的含量都高于MORB值,高场强元素Ta、Nb、Zr、Hf等均相对于MORB有所富集,而HREE元素中等亏损,表明本区辉绿岩属于富集地幔特征的板内碱性玄武岩系列(WPB),属于华南陆内伸展构造背景下软流圈上涌导致富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成的铁镁质岩浆发生侵位的产物。辉绿岩脉3个样品的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为86. 7±0. 9Ma、89. 05±0. 96Ma、91. 6±8. 3Ma,表明形成于晚白垩纪早期,与华南地区与中基性岩脉有关的铀矿床成矿时代具有较好的对应关系,也与华南地区广泛分布的中生代基性岩脉时代一致,对应于华南白垩纪构造应力场中四次重要的拉张活动时代中的一期。辉绿岩脉锆石特征指示了辉绿岩成岩过程对矿源层中铀的活化所产生的重要作用以及成岩与成矿之间的热动力联系;结合元素地球化学、矿床成矿年龄和辉绿岩锆石UPb同位素年龄研究结果表明,区内铀矿床具有多期成矿特点,即"沉积期铀预富集、辉绿岩作用下二次预富集、后期热液再次富集成矿",可能是该类型矿床成矿作用的重要形式。 相似文献