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1.
The present study evaluated the effects of chilled storage and cryopreservation on sperm motion characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in the Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus. Sperm motility and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (Gr), and lipid peroxidation (measured via malondialdehyde (MDA) content) were determined after the milt was stored at 4°C for 12 h, cryopreserved without cryoprotectant in 12% propylene glycol (PG), cryopreserved in 12% PG+0.1 mol/L trehalose, or cryopreserved in 12% PG spermatozoa but centrifuged to decant the supernatant prior to cryopreservation (only sperm cells were cryopreserved). After chilled storage or cryopreservation, the SOD, CAT and GPx activities were reduced in sperm cells and increased in seminal plasma in almost all treatments; sperm motility parameters were also decreased. However, the addition of trehalose into the cryoprotectant could significantly improve the postthaw sperm quality as revealed by the sperm average path velocity. This improvement might be attributed to the function of trehalose in scavenging reactive oxygen species. Chilled storage and cryopreservation had significant effects on sperm motion characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in the Pacific cod. 相似文献
2.
A 3-month feeding experiment was conducted in an in-door seawater system to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin E (Ve) on the sperm quality of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). D-α-tocopherol acetate was supplemented to the basal (control) diet (65.14 mg kg?1 Ve) to obtain low and high levels of dietary Ve (244.60 mg kg?1, LVe; 721.60 mg kg?1, HVe). Compared with the control, sperm concentration was significantly increased in Ve-supplemented groups (LVe and HVe); while relative sperm volume and testis-somatic index were significantly increased in group HVe only. Sperm motility duration was significantly longer in group HVe than in the control, but no significant difference was observed in percent motility among groups. Sperm size, the uniformity of mitochondrial size, and the integrity of mitochondria cristae and plasma membrane were improved by dietary Ve, especially in HVe. The content of Ve in testis and liver as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids in sperm increased with dietary Ve. These results suggested that dietary Ve, especially at the high level (721.60 mg kg?1), significantly improved sperm concentration and motility duration and maintained normal sperm morphology of turbot. 相似文献
3.
几种因子对鞍带石斑鱼精子活力的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究不同梯度的盐度、pH、温度及低温保存时间对鞍带石斑鱼精子活力的影响。结果表明:鞍带石斑鱼精子活力的适宜盐度范围为27.5～35.0,最适盐度为32.5,此时精子的快速运动时间和寿命分别为13.2min和14.8min;最适pH为8.5,精子的快速运动时间及寿命最长,分别达12.7min和17.3min;温度范围为27～31℃,以29℃时快速运动时间最长,达16.6min;在0～4℃冰箱保存6h后鞍带石斑鱼精子活力未显著降低,其中保存前精子快速运动时间为18.4min,保存6h后为18.2min,保存120h后仍有活力,精子快速运动时间为2.3min,精子激活率为3.3%。以x为保存时间,快速运动时间y和寿命y′符合线性方程y=-0.8334x+19.164(R2=0.9856),y′=-1.1358x+27.8(R2=0.9573)。 相似文献
4.
Sperm of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) were quiescent in electrolyte NaCl solution and artificial seawater (ASW) and nonelectrolyte glucose and mannitol solutions when the osmolality was less than 200 mOsm kg-1. The sperm started to be motile as a result of increased osmolality, indicating an osmolality-dependent initiation of sperm motility in sea cucumber. After a brief incubation in hypotonic NaCl and glucose solutions with osmolalities of 200 and 400 mOsm kg-1, sperm lost partial motile ability. Sperm became immobilized when pH was 6.0 in NaCl, glucose and mannitol solutions, suggesting that an H+ release is involved in sperm activation. The decreased pH had no effect on the percentage of motile sperm in ASW, whereas it delayed the time period to reach the maximum motility (motilitymax). Extracellular Ca2+ in electrolyte solutions was not essential for motility stimulation but shortened the time of reaching motilitymax. When Ca2+ was mixed in nonelectrolyte solutions the sperm motility was completely suppressed. The K+ channel blocker, quinine, suppressed the sperm motility in electrolyte solution, showing a possible involvement of K+ transport in the process. High K+ concentration did not affect the sperm motility in NaCl solution, but decreased it in ASW and almost entirely suppressed it in nonelectrolyte solutions. The different effects of pH and K+ in ASW and NaCl solution indicate that external ions may also regulate sperm motility. 相似文献
5.
采用罗丹明123(Rh123)和碘化丙啶(PI)两种荧光染料对栉江珧(Atrina pectinata)精子线粒体活性进行检测,比较不同染液浓度和染色时间的检测效果,并用该方法检测和比较超低温冷冻保存对线粒体活性的影响。结果显示:Rh123和PI染色的最适染液浓度均为10μg/mL,染色时间控制在10 min之内;染色后具有线粒体活性的精子发出绿色荧光,死精子发出红色荧光,质膜受损但线粒体还未受损的精子发出红绿色荧光,表明Rh123和PI双荧光染色检测栉江珧精子线粒体活性是可行的;精液经冷冻后,线粒体活性为61.9%、质膜完整率56.8%,显著低于新鲜精液组(95.3%、93.5%),表明冷冻对精子结构会造成不同程度的损伤,Rh123和PI双荧光染色法可用来检测栉江珧精子质量。 相似文献
6.
Sperm motility is important in reproductive biology. To understand the physiological ecology characteristics of sperm of Sepiella maindroni, we studied the activation rate, active time, and lifespan of sperm to evaluate the influence of external factors, including temperature, salinity, pH, glucose, NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA-2Na and artificial seawater on sperm motility. The results show that the appropriate activation and motility condition for sperm were: temperature 20?30°C (optimum 25°C), salinity 10.6?30.6 (optimum 15.9) and pH 8.0?8.6 (optimum 8.0-8.4). Sperm activity varied in different concentrations of glucose, NaCl, KCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2. None of the selected concentrations of EDTA-2Na solution could activate the sperm. The activation rate in artificial seawater devoid of Ca2+, Mg2+ or HCO3ˉ was low. The results should help further studies on the preservation and activation of squid sperm. 相似文献
7.
The toxicities of 4 common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), 17β-estradiol (E2), p,p′-dichlorodiphenyldichloro-ethylene (DDE), 4-nonylphenol (NP) and tributyltin (TBT), to sperm motility, fertilization rate, hatching rate and embryonic development of Barbel chub (Squaliobarbus curriculus) were investigated in this study. The duration of sperm motility was significantly shortened by exposure to the EDCs at the threshold concentrations of 10 ng L?1 for E2 and TBT, 1 μg L?1 for NP and 100 μg L?1 for DDE, respectively. The fertilization rate was substantially reduced by the EDCs at the lowest observable effect concentrations (LOECs) of 10 ng L?1 for E2 and TBT and 10 μg L?1 for DDE and NP, respectively. Of the tested properties of S. curriculus, larval deformity rate was most sensitive to EDC exposure and was significantly increased by DDE at the lowest experimental level of 0.1 μg L?1. Other EDCs increased the larval deformity rate at the LOECs of 1 ng L?1 for E2, 10 ng L?1 for TBT and 1 μg L?1 for NP, respectively. Despite their decreases with the increasing EDC concentrations, the hatching rate and larval survival rate of S. curriculus were not significantly affected by the exposure to EDCs. The results indicated that all the 4 EDCs affected significantly and negatively the early life stages of the freshwater fish S. curriculus. Overall, E2 and TBT were more toxic than NP and DDE, while DDE might be more toxic to larval deformity rate than to other measured parameters. Thus, the 4 EDCs showed potential negative influences on natural population dynamics of S. curriculus. Our findings provided valuable basic data for the ecological risk assessment of E2, DDE, NP and TBT. 相似文献
8.
The environment effect on fish assemblage structure in waters adjacent to the Changjiang （Yangtze） River estuary （1998-2001） 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
We collected fish abundance data in the Changjiang(Yangtze River) estuary and adjacent waters in November 1998,May 1999,November 2000,and May 2001.Using the data,we evaluated the characteristics of the fish assemblages at each site and investigated the effect of several environmental factors.We used a multivariate analysis,including community ordination methods such as detrended correspondence analysis(DCA) and canonical correspondence analysis(CCA),and two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN).We analyz... 相似文献
9.
Smoking is widely used in fish processing for the color and flavor. Smoke flavorings have evolved as a successful alter- native to traditional smoking. The hazards of the fish products treated by liquid-smoking process are discussed in this review. The smoke flavoring is one important ingredient in the smoke-flavored fish. This paper gives the definition of smoke flavorings and the hazard of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) residue in the smoke flavorings on the market. It gives also an assessment of chemical hazards such as carcinogenic PAHs, especially Benzo-[a]pyrene, as well as biological hazards such as Listeria monocyto- genes, Clostridium botulinum, histamine and parasites in smoke-flavored fish. The limitations in regulations or standards are dis- cussed. Smoke flavored fish have lower content of PAHs as compared with the traditional smoking techniques if the PAHs residue in smoke flavorings is controlled by regulations or standards. 相似文献
10.
Black rockfish(Sebastes schlegeli) is an important species for culture; however, its reproductive characteristics have not been fully documented. In this study, we investigated the morphology and developmental process of germ cells in this ovoviviparous rockfish in reproductive season(October 2011–November 2012) with histological methods. We found that the gonad of mature fish showed notable seasonal changes in developmental characteristics and morphological structure. The sperm cells matured during a period lasting from October to December, significantly earlier than the oocytes did. A large number of spermatozoa and other cells occurred in testis at different developmental stages. Vitellogenesis in oocytes began in October, and gestation appeared in April next year. Spermatophores were discovered for the first time in Sebastes, which assembled in testis, main sperm duct, oviduct and genital tract, as well as ovarian cavity in October and April. These organs may serve either as production or hiding places for spermatophores and spermatozoa which were stored and transported in form of spermatophores. Testicular degeneration started from the distal part of testis in April, with spermatophores assembled in degenerating testis and waiting for transportation. The copulation probably lasted for a long period, during which the spermatozoa were discharged in batches as spermatophores. These spermatophores were coated with sticky materials secreted from the interstitial areas of testis and the main sperm duct, then transported into ovary. 相似文献
11.
鱼类增养殖学是水产养殖学专业的专业主干课之一。按照国家精品课程建设内容和要求,从我校鱼类增养殖学课程建设实际出发,以强化实践、培养高素质"三能"人才为主要目标,在课程体系、教学内容、师资队伍、教学方法与手段、教材建设、科学研究促进教学等方面进行了积极的探索与实践,并取得了较好的教学效果。 相似文献
12.
杨鸣玉 《广东海洋大学学报》1992,(2)
以鲢鱼肉和淀粉为主要原料,通过加工处理而制成鲢鱼脆片;并利用试制的产品资料和根据模糊数学综合评判原理,建立鲢鱼脆片质量评判数学模式,借助它可找出质量好的最佳生产工艺。 相似文献
13.
对-20℃下冰冻,常温下酒精、甲醛溶液和Bouin氏液等保存条件下的鱼体组织(血液、肌肉、鳞片、鳍条)的DNA提取方法作了比较,并经琼脂糖凝胶电泳、紫外分光光度计检测及RAPD扩增结果验证。结果表明,除鳞片外,新鲜组织、-20℃冰冻组织以常规方法可提取出较高质量的DNA;保存于70%酒精或10%甲醛溶液中的组织,经预处理,亦可得高质量DNA;新鲜、冰冻、70%酒精或短时间10%甲醛固定的鳞片经适当预处理也可提取出较高质量的DNA。 相似文献
14.
The genomic and cDNA sequences of the CD3γ/δ and CD3ε homologues in the mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi, were determined. As in other vertebrate CD3 molecules, the deduced amino acid sequences of mandarin fish CD3γ/δ and CD3ε contained conserved residues and motifs, such as cysteine residues and CXXC and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs. However, mandarin fish CD3γ/δ and CD3ε showed some differences to their mammalian counterparts, specifically the absence of a negatively charged residue in the transmembrane region of CD3γ/δ. Additionally, while an N-glycosylation site was present in CD3ε, the site was not observed in CD3γ/δ. The CD3γ/δ and CD3ε subunit sequences contain six and five exons, respectively, consistent with homologues from Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed that CD3γ/δ and CD3ε in mandarin fish are closely related to their counterparts in Acanthopterygian fish. Real-time PCR showed CD3γ/δ and CD3ε were expressed mainly in the thymus and spleen in normal healthy fish and, to a lesser extent, in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues, such as the intestine and gills. When lymphocytes isolated from head kidney were treated with the mitogens phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin, and polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid, mRNA expression levels of CD3γ/δ and CD3ε were significantly elevated within 12 h of treatment. This indicated the presence of T lymphocytes in the head kidney of teleost fish, and also the recognition of mitogens by the lymphocytes. Mandarin fish infected with the bacterial pathogen Flavobacterium columnare also showed an increase in the expression of CD3γ/δ and CD3ε mRNA, indicating that CD3γ/δ and CD3ε lymphocytes are involved in the immune response of this species. 相似文献
15.
16.
Over the past few decades, extreme changes have occurred in the characters of exploited fish populations. The majority of these changes have affected the growth traits of fish life history, which include a smaller size-at-age, an earlier age-at-maturation and among others. Currently, the causes of these life history traits changes still require systematic analyses and empirical studies. The explanations that have been cited are merely expressed in terms of fish phenotypic adaptation. It has been claimed that the original traits of fish can be recovered once the intensity of exploitation of the fish is controlled. Sustained environmental and fishing pressure will change the life history traits of most fish species, so the fish individual’s traits are still in small size-at-age and at earlier age-at-maturation in exploited fish populations. In this paper, we expressed our view of points that fishing gear has imposed selectiv-ity on fish populations and individuals as various other environmental factors have done and such changes are unrecoverable. Ac-cording to the existing tend of exploited fish individual’s life history traits, we suggested further researches in this field and provided better methods of fishery management and thereby fishery resources protection than those available early. 相似文献
17.
Hybrids between olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and stone flounder Kareius bicoloratus： karyotype, allozyme and RAPD analyses 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The hybrid between olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and stone flounder Kareius bicoloratus was produced by artificial insemination of olive flounder eggs with stone flounder sperm. Sinistral and dextral are two types
of hybrid progeny after metamorphosis. Karyotypes of both hybrid flounders are the same as those of the two parental species.
Of the 22 loci examined from 12 allozymes, 12 confirmed hybridization of the paternal and maternal loci in hybrids and no
difference was found in allozyme patterns of sinistral and dextral hybrid fishes. RAPD patterns of these specimens were also
studied with 38 primers selected from 104 tested. Among them, the PCR products of 30 primers showed hybridization of the paternal
and maternal bands. Genetic variation between hybrids and their parental stocks was analyzed by RAPD using 10 of the above
38 primers. The average heterozygosity and genetic distance were calculated. The results suggested that the filial generation
could inherit a little more genetic materials from paternal fish than that from maternal fish.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30571445), National High-Technology Research and Development
Program (863 Program, No. 2006AA10A404), and Project from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2006DKA30470-017) 相似文献
18.
以二氧化氯作为一种新型的消毒剂和杀菌剂 ,以传统含氯制剂 (如漂白粉、二氯异氰尿酸钠、三氯异氰尿酸 )作为对照 ,比较其在治疗欧洲鳗细菌性疾病及改善养殖水质方面的显著特性 ,其作用活性与环境 (如 p H、温度、氨及有机物 )因子的关系。结果表明 ,二氧化氯 (Cl O2 )对爱德华氏菌、嗜水气单胞菌和柱状屈挠杆菌有很好的杀灭效果 ,能迅速治愈欧洲鳗的赤鳍病和肝肾病 ,且能有效改善养殖水体 ,水中生化需氧量比对照组下降 10 %～ 30 % ,化学耗氧量下降 5% ,溶氧量提高 8%～ 10 %。当二氧化氯体积分数为 8m L/m3时 ,其杀菌率均高达 90 %以上 ,为氯制剂的 1.8倍 ,且活性不受环境因子的影响 相似文献
19.
Cai Xingwei Ye Shaowen Li Wei Fan Hourui Li Zhongjie Zhang Tanglin Liu Jiashou 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,37(1):278-289
The knowledge of prey small fish stock, distribution and abundance is necessary to guide stocking of piscivorous fish for the biomanipulation in domestic tap water lakes. This study describes the current status of small fish community in Lake Kuilei (China), and examines the spatial and seasonal variations of the community in relation to key environmental factors. Based on submerged macrophyte cover and water depth, the lake was divided into five major habitats: (1) macrophyte covered shallow habitat of water depth < 2.00 m, (2) uncovered or less-covered shallow habitat (2.00 m–3.50 m), (3) uncovered medium shallow habitat (3.50 m–5.00 m), (4) uncovered medium deep habitat (5.00 m–6.50 m) and (5) uncovered deep habitat (6.50 m–8.50 m). The abundance and composition of small fish were monitored by benthic fykenet sampling from April 2013 to January 2014. A total of 2881 individuals belonging to 5 families and 21 species were collected. Based on their abundance (accounted for 88.96% of the total) and occurrence (more than 33.33%), Acheilognathus chankaensis, Acheilognathus macropterus, Microphysogobio microstomus, Pseudorasbora parva and Rhinogobius giurinus were recognized as dominant small fish species. The results of correlation analysis identified that species richness ( Sr ), Shannon-Wiener diversity index ( H′ ) and Margalef′s richness index ( D ) were significantly negatively correlated with water depth, but positively correlated with biomass of submerged macrophytes.Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the spatial distributions of most small fishes were negatively associated with water depth. The details of these findings are beneficial to understanding the adaptation of the small fishes in degraded environments, and to developing suitable biomanipulation strategies for the management of fish resources and water quality in the lakes along the lower reach of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River basin.
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