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近期国际地震预测预报研究进展的几个侧面 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
本文从国际组织、国际计划、科学出版物、主要代表性人物及其学术观点、实际地震预测与地震前兆检验等方面，介绍了20世纪90年代后期以来国际上地震预测预报研究进展的几个侧面，这些进展在一定程度上反映了此间地震预测预报研究从“低谷”走向新的发展的思想脉络。 相似文献
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笔者通过ＤＩＡＬＯＧ系统的ＧＥＯＲＥＦ数据库对１９９１￣１９９５年入库的大量文献进行了国际联机检索，并作了初步分析。结果表明，我国地震工作者在地震非线性研究方面，已居于世界先进行列。 相似文献
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SEED格式地震数据的快速转换软件 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
目前CDSN台站的设备配置采用IRISGSN的标准，它的功能之一是能够直接生产出国际流行的SEED格式数据。SEED格式以其数据编排科学合理在地震学界广为应用。拥有生成SEED格式的地震数据的功能。则在地震数据管理方面向国际接轨迈进一大步，也使我国地震工作者能够得到更好的数据服务，从而促进了地震科学研究。 相似文献
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数字观测时代的全球三维结构与地震定位研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
概述了地震学观测研究取得的地球内部结构的一些基本认识，并介绍了在数字地震观测时代，地震层析成像研究取得的一些进展，如敏感性分析、结构和定位联合反演、非线性反演和非规则的参量化方法等。同时就地震学的传统定位问题，概述了利用地震走时进行地球深部结构反演所涉及的一些基本问题，即数据资料、模型参量化、反演计算和敏感性分析中的具体细节问题。中就国际地学界近年来利用三维结构开展地震定位研究的动向，从地震精定位在地震成核、精细地质结构刻画、核查和震源破裂过程研究等方面的应用研究角度，希望在中国能尽快推进相应的地震精度定位工作。 相似文献
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“东南亚地震构造与地震危险性国际讨论会”概况陈运泰，高文学（国家地震局地球物理研究）（国家地震局地质研究所）李京（国家地震局分析预报中心）“东南亚地震构造与地震危险性国际讨论会”于１９９４年１月２７日至２月４日在越南河内举行。会议由越南国家科学研究中... 相似文献
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《国际地震动态》创刊于 2 0世纪 70年代 ,其时中国还没有开始摆脱封闭或准封闭的状态。在这样的情况下 ,《国际地震动态》作为反映地震科学发展和防震减灾事业的国际动态的刊物 ,在某种程度上发挥了地震研究领域的《参考消息》的作用。这也正是《国际地震动态》长期以来深受专业人员、管理人员和对地震科技发展感兴趣的读者的喜爱 ,在防震减灾事业中颇有影响 ,并引起一些国外的专家和研究机构关注的主要原因。改革开放初期 ,《国际地震动态》根据当时国际上防震减灾事业的发展 ,及时地进行了地震社会学和地震对策方面的报道和讨论。在当时… 相似文献
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１９９５年１月１７日日本兵库县南部淡路岛发生７．２级地震，这是近７０年来日本遭受人员伤亡和财产损失最惨重的一次地震，为国际社会所瞩目。本文据现有资料，从地震预测、地震工程以及抗震救灾体制等方面，对这次地震造成严重灾害的原因作了初步分析。另外，本文就近期日本一系列强震的发生，对我国大陆及沿海地区地震活动可能的影响亦作了简要的讨论。 相似文献
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2001年1月26日，印度西北部古吉拉特邦发生7．9级地震，造成重大的人员伤亡和财产损失。本刊第2期发表了《印度7．9级地震及地震工作概述》（一）一文，综述了这次地震的破坏、人员伤亡、财产损失、抗震救灾和国际救援及印度的地震研究工作。本文主要对这次地震的受灾区域、地震发生的背景、灾害分布和成因、历史地震、国际救援行动、地震对经济的影响及结合我国防震减灾的现状得到的教训和启示进行了评述。 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献
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