共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
珠宝产业被誉为朝阳产业,如何提高我国不同区域珠宝产业竞争力已成为进一步推动我国珠宝产业发展的重要问题。运用改进后的竞争力评价模式对我国珠三角地区、长三角地区和环渤海地区三大珠宝产业集群的竞争力进行了比较分析。结果显示,三大区域珠宝产业集群在内部和外部六个竞争力因素中各有优势,其竞争力很大程度上是内部与外部因素共同作用的结果,其中珠三角地区在产业集聚的内部因素方面上的优势应该是其珠宝产业可持续发展的重要原因。据此,我们建议国家产业职能部门在制定区域产业发展规划的过程中,应根据珠宝产业集群（区）各自的外部要素条件,强化引导作用,进行战略整合,通过加强企业技术创新、品牌建设等内部因素的培养,促使三大产业集群（区）发挥出各自的竞争力优势,形成良性互动,推动我国珠宝产业形成新的国际竞争力。 相似文献
2.
3.
Gheorghe Ploaie 《GeoJournal》1996,38(2):219-227
Valcea is one of Romania's Wallachian counties with landscapes which grade from the Carpathians through the Subcarpathians and Piedmont zone towards the plain. Agriculture plays a major role in the economy but there is also a long-established tourist industry and the industrial base (largely bound up originally with wood processing) has been enlarged and diversified under communism. Environmental pressures on sensitive Carpathian ecosystems have increased over the years through agricultural, industrial and tourist pressures. Under the transition conservation measures will have to include national park designation to provide a buffer for clusters of nature reserves which already exist. The paper discusses the nature of the environmental problems and the significance of national parks for the agriculture of the area, with particular reference to the Parang Mountains. 相似文献
4.
Kee-Bom Nahm 《GeoJournal》1999,49(3):289-299
In recent years, central Seoul has been experiencing a dynamic transformation. In the process of reorganization of the urban
industrial structure including tertiarization and quaternarization of the economic base of Seoul, business services are growing
very rapidly and large scale urban renewal projects are quickly implemented. Downtown office activities become a nucleus for
economic performance of Seoul and high-rise office buildings steer the landscape transformation of central Seoul. Even though
there appears to exist some evidence that office districts have dispersed to several subcenters, major office activities are
still concentrated in central Seoul. This paper redefines office industry in a narrow sense comprising only relevant economic
sectors and office buildings as office activity-functioning units. It then explores the industrial networking and territorial
specialization of office activities focusing on the dual process of concentration and dispersion in Seoul. The changing characteristics
of the downtown linkages of office activities in this post-industrial era transforms the spatial economy of central Seoul
into a more flexible and volatile system, while territorial concentration of power and control functions are fortified at
the same time. Finally, the paper addresses the development of manufacturing- tertiary-quaternary industrial complexes, which
can be regarded as emerging industrial clusters, producing the cultural economy of urban space and images for clients and
customers, in relation to urban competitiveness and territorial specialization of large metropolitan areas.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Valcea is one of Romania's Wallachian counties with landscapes which grade from the Carpathians through the Subcarpathians
and Piedmont zone towards the plain. Agriculture plays a major role in the economy but there is also a long-established tourist
industry and the industrial base (established through the processing of local raw materials: agricultural commodities, timber
and salt) has been enlarged and diversified under communism. The tourist industry has also expanded with reference to the
mineral waters. But agriculture still plays an important role. Environmental pressures on sensitive Carpathian ecosystems
have increased over the years and under the transition conservation measures should include national park designations to
provide a buffer for clusters of nature reserves. The paper discusses the nature of the environmental problems and the significance
of national and ‘natural’ parks for the development of tourism in the area, with particular reference to Buila-Vanturarita
area of the Capatina Mountains.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
随着我国经济的不断发展以及人口的不断增长,水资源短缺状况变得愈发严峻,许多地区都面临着水资源危机。为了解决这一问题并给出对水资源安全情况的动态评估方案,本文首先对水资源进行定性分析,根据国家统计局上的分类将其分为消费水平及供给水平两部分,再对每个部分进行更加详细的分类,随后选取相应数据进行具体分析,拟合得出其随时间变化的函数。由此建立微分方程组,从动态的角度综合考量各指标及互相间的关系,进而得出评估一个地区是否能够提供满足其需求的水资源的数学模型同时进行假设检验。最后,选取北京市作为研究对象,应用该模型进行水资源安全评估,得到北京市在未来10a左右的时间内水资源安全情况的趋势,同时给出相应的政策建议。 相似文献
7.
Divergent growth trajectories in China’s chemical industry: the case of the newly developed industrial parks in Shanghai,Nanjing and Ningbo 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In the late 1990’s, the “new-economy” industries in China proved to be relatively vulnerable and were strongly hit by the
financial crisis in Asia. As a result, a new economic support policy was introduced in China’s Yangtze Delta region, which
put greater emphasis on the support of traditional industrial sectors, including the chemical industry. This paper investigates
the effects of the growth of this industry, as well as the potential and current problems emerging from new growth paths.
It compares the growth of three newly developed chemical industry parks in Shanghai, Nanjing and Ningbo. The paper is based
on an institutional perspective of clustering processes arguing that regional industrialization is subject to formal and informal
institutions which shape the growth paths and contribute to divergent regional trajectories. Although these industrial parks
all benefit from the general economic upswing in China, their development is influenced by different business models, economic
contexts, goals and strategies, leaving room for divergence and specialization. Due to the existing structure of operations,
these parks have a great deal of potential but also face substantial challenges, such as the establishment of internal networks
and close customer linkages. It is argued that this might limit their innovative capability in the future. Furthermore, their
growth prospects differ depending on future government policies. 相似文献
8.
基于国土空间规划视域下分析了中国工矿城镇发展的主要影响因素。结合国土空间规划对工矿城镇发展的要求,探讨了将国土空间规划要求落实到工矿城镇发展中的政策和技术路径,并按照空间规划融合统一的国土空间规划思路,提出了工矿城镇发展融入国土空间规划的设想。通过对中国陕北煤炭资源集中开采区工矿城镇发展的分析和案例总结,结合国土空间规划的政策和技术,针对陕北煤炭资源集中开采区工矿城镇未来发展,总结提出了5种不同发展模式;在国土空间规划的视域下,探讨工矿城镇发展的理论模式,为今后工矿城镇及区域协调发展提供依据和实践参考。 相似文献
9.
页岩储层孔隙度和渗透率极低,天然裂缝和水平层理发育,常规压裂增产措施无法满足页岩气的开发要求,水平井多段分簇压裂是页岩气开发的关键技术之一,该技术能够大幅度提升压裂改造的体积、产气量和最终采收率。为确定页岩储层水平井多段分簇射孔压裂的起裂点和起裂压力,采用有限元方法建立了水平井套管完井（考虑水泥环和套管的存在）多段分簇射孔的全三维起裂模型。数值模型的起裂压力与室内试验结果吻合较好,证明了数值模型的准确性和可靠性。利用数值模型研究了页岩水平井多段分簇射孔压裂的起裂点和起裂压力的影响因素,研究发现：射孔孔眼附近无天然裂缝或水平层理影响,起裂点发生在射孔簇孔眼的根部;射孔簇间距越小,中间射孔簇的干扰越大,可能造成中间的射孔簇无法起裂;射孔密度和孔眼长度增大,起裂压力降低;天然裂缝的存在,在某些情况能够降低起裂压力且改变起裂位置,主要与天然裂缝的分布方位及水平主应力差有关;水平层理可能会降低起裂压力,但与垂向主应力与水平最小主应力的差值有关。获得的起裂压力变化规律,可作为进一步研究水平井多段分簇射孔条件下的裂缝扩展规律的基础,可以为压裂设计和施工的射孔参数确定及优化给出具体建议。 相似文献
10.
具有风景区泥石流治理特色的土木工程措施 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
风景区泥石流治理不同于其他泥石流的治理。在总结九寨沟风景名胜区泥石流治理土木设计的基础上,提出4种具有风景区泥石流治理特色的土木工程措施。即漂木拦挡、泥沙拦淤、生态保护及景点保护。详细分析了每种技术的减灾需求,在此基础上结合其他泥石流治理设计的成功经验,总结各技术的设计要点,并给出可供参考的成功应用实例。这些成功技术在九寨沟泥石流治理中取得了成功,可为其他风景区泥石流治理借鉴。 相似文献
11.
Geothermal energy is a clean energy source that can potentially mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, as its use can lead to a lower mitigation cost. However, research on the economic impacts of the geothermal industry is scarce. This paper describes the effect of the geothermal industry, its economic input and output, using Beijing as a case study. This paper adopts the input–output model. The results show that the demand for and input use of the geothermal sector vary greatly across industrial sectors: electricity, heat production, the supply industry and general equipment manufacturing have the greatest direct consumption coefficient for the geothermal industry. When considering direct and indirect demand, it is clear that the geothermal industry has a great effect on different industrial sectors in diverse ways. Its influence coefficient and sensitivity coefficient are 1.2167 (ranked 11th) and 1.2293 (ranked 8th), respectively, revealing that it exerts obvious demand-pulling and supply-pushing effects on the regional economy.
相似文献12.
13.
湖北省的磷矿资源储量居全国之首,矿床类型以元古宙海相沉积型磷块岩矿床为主,分布集中在五大区域,开发利用条件较好。虽然湖北的磷矿资源勘查近年取得了突破性的进展,但由于资源利用合理度欠缺、磷化工企业规模小、产业链不完善及产业集中度低等原因,对磷矿开发和磷化工产业的可持续发展构成了制约。磷矿资源的合理开发利用对建设磷矿开发及磷化工产业集群、保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。因此,在勘查部署上,要根据成矿条件、空间富集规律和勘查开发现状,统一部署,分类开展工作;在产业布局上,以宜昌、保康、荆襄、黄麦岭4大磷化工基地为主体,新建鹤峰、黄梅磷肥基地,打造"一圈多点"式产业集群;在产业关联上,新建磷矿产地与现有磷化工基地之间形成以老带新、以新助老、空间互动的产业格局;在产品分工上,支持现有磷化工基地内的骨干企业兼并重组,提高产业集中度。 相似文献
14.
Economic transition in central and eastern Europe (CEE) has had a particularly strong impact on industrial cities and regions. Following their economic collapse, most of them are now confronted with serious problems such as high unemployment and vast ecological damage. The paper presents findings from a pan European research project that investigated the problems of these cities and regions as well as the strategies being adopted to cope with structural change. It examines the differences in approaches and addresses the question whether existing EU policy is suitable for supporting the redevelopment of old industrial cities and regions in CEE countries. The paper concludes with recommendations for future directions in policy making. 相似文献
15.
The aim of this paper is to contribute to an understanding of clusters, including both the material and discursive dynamism of cluster construction, and shed light on how clusters—once established—affect the actors, institutions and processes that constitute them. It does this by viewing clusters as an actant, i.e. something that acts or to which activity is granted by others. The empirical analysis examines two clusters in the public cluster programme Norwegian Centre of Expertise (NCE): the Møre maritime cluster and the Hordaland subsea cluster. It focuses on the type of development paths they are following and how the material and discursive processes are interweaved in these paths. The clusters are related to the concept of cluster construction, which is triggered by ideas, representations, policy and industry practice. The Møre maritime cluster is characterized by bottom-up clustering processes and illustrates how the material practices of firms can trigger clustering processes such as the establishment of a cluster and the identification of a prototype of best cluster practice. On the other hand, the Hordaland subsea cluster expresses a top-down process and how the ideal world of academics and policy-making can encourage processes of clustering among co-located firms. Based on these observations of material and discursive interweaved clustering processes and how they affect both those who are practicing and those who are promoting them, we find it reasonable to argue for a stronger awareness of such feedback loops in cluster studies. 相似文献
16.
This paper explores China’s strategies for addressing climate change on the industrial level. Focusing on six energy-intensive industries, this paper applies gray relational analysis theory to the affecting factors to CO2 emissions of each industry after calculating each industry’s CO2 emissions during 2001–2010. Further research based on GM(1, 1) model is conducted to forecast the trend of the factors, the energy consumption and each industry’s CO2 emissions during the 12th Five-Year Plan period. As a breakthrough in previous conclusions, energy consumption structure was divided into the respective proportion of coal, oil, natural gas and electricity in the primary energy consumption, with which industrial output and energy intensity are combined to analyze each of their impacts on the energy-intensive industries. It turns out that all the factors’ impacts on emissions of the six major energy-intensive industries are significant, despite their differentiated extents. It is worth noting that, contrary to previous findings, industrial output is not the leading affecting factor to CO2 emissions of the energy-intensive industries compared with the proportion of coal and electricity in the primary energy consumption. The GM(1, 1) forecast results of energy consumption and CO2 emissions by the end of 2015 show that coal and electricity will remain a large proportion in primary energy consumption. This research may shed some light on China’s adjustment of energy structure under the pressure of addressing climate change and hence provide decision support for the acceleration of renewable energy utilization in the industrial departments. 相似文献
17.
Despite the widespread incorporation of sustainable development into policy discourses, actually achieving the ‘win-win-win’ scenario of economic, environmental and social development continues to be problematic. Advocates of industrial ecology suggest that by shifting the basis of industrial production from a linear to a closed loop system, these gains can be achieved. In recent years, concepts drawn from industrial ecology have been used to plan and develop eco-industrial parks (EIPs) that seek to increase business competitiveness, reduce waste and pollution, create jobs and improve working conditions. Despite a growing interest in EIPs, there have been few empirically informed studies that seek to explore the potential contribution such EIPs may make to sustainable development. This paper contributes to a developing sympathetic critique of industrial ecology by focusing on the key problems and dilemmas that arise in the course of developing eco-industrial parks, drawing upon empirical work conducted in the USA. The paper draws upon both an extensive survey of EIPs and in-depth interviews conducted with a range of stakeholders at ten US sites. As the paper reveals, EIPs in the USA are in their early stages and likewise their contribution to both economic development and environmental policy, let alone social policies, is complicated and inchoate. The empirical material reveals that key features of industrial ecology such as inter-firm networking and collaboration in the form of materials interchange and energy cascading are either absent or in the early planning stages. In each of the ten cases what is emerging is a form of EIP partly determined by the geographic setting and broader economic realities of the locality. While collaborative behaviour between firms is central to EIP development if the potential benefits of industrial ecology are to be realised, it is important to realise that such behaviour is difficult to develop from scratch through policy intervention. In conclusion, the paper suggests that expectations must be realistic for the community and location in question. As part of that realism, EIP projects must be designed to allow for a gradual approach, and each phase needs to be financially viable. 相似文献
18.
甘肃黄河谷地城市与城郊生态功能区产业发展模式研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
国家层面对甘肃发展的总体定位是我国重要的生态屏障、经济走廊、战略通道、能源基地和文化源区,因此,甘肃黄河谷地城市与城郊生态功能区的发展对于我国西部地区乃至全国的经济社会发展具有举足轻重的作用.从分析目前甘肃黄河谷地城市与城郊生态功能区的发展现状入手,针对甘肃黄河谷地城市与城郊生态功能区主导产业不明确的问题,提出了政府对于生态功能区的优惠政策应由向区域倾斜转变为向产业倾斜,并在此基础上积极培育和发展重点产业,通过提高环境标准、推进生态农业重建工程、促进现代物流业发展、加快产业优化、构筑立体旅游产业体系和发展新兴能源产业等措施构建全新的产业发展模式,重塑我国西部重要的现代工业基地,实现生态功能区的健康与和谐发展. 相似文献
19.
《Geoforum》2015
People’s reasons for visiting national parks have been well researched. So too have their park activities and how diverse activities potentially affect visitors’ park experiences (e.g. perceptions of overcrowding). Far less research has examined how park users’ environmental values might affect their perceptions of other users and the appropriateness of different activities – a potential source of conflict. Relationships between personal environmental values and environmental and social perceptions are complex and interactive in the context of park visitation. Visitors’ encounters with other users can powerfully affect their experience and enjoyment of parks, in turn reflecting such factors as values-related expectations and judgments in the context of national parks. Personal and social values may also play an important role in influencing whether different activities are perceived as ‘out of place’ in the context of national park place meaning, yet the conceptualization of values within geographic literature on parks remains comparatively weak.This paper utilizes a definition of values, derived from a concise review of the geography and social psychology literatures, to explain the results of survey research we undertook within national parks in Queensland, Australia. We use a ‘values-behavior hierarchy’ conceptual framework to consider how the personal environmental values of a sample of park visitors (n = 404) potentially affected patterns of park visitation, user activities, and user conflicts. Findings suggest that visitors’ environmental values shaped how they perceived other park users and the appropriateness of their activities. This has international implications for geographic research and other disciplines and professions involved in national park visitation, park use, and human impacts, on and of these powerful places. 相似文献
20.
《Geoforum》2015
This paper examines the effect of cluster organisations on the international competitive advantages of clusters in the European life sciences industry. Data on coordinated cluster organisations are used to assess whether cluster development policies enhance the attractiveness of clusters to multinational corporations (MNCs). We estimate mixed logit models using a sample of 481 greenfield investments by life sciences MNCs in West-European regions during the period 2010–2013. Contrary to the beliefs of policymakers, our results indicate that both the presence of cluster organisations and higher-order activities of cluster organisations have only a small effect in attracting greenfield investments. In addition, cluster organisations help attract economic activities with less specific location requirements, such as production plants and sales and marketing offices. This finding provides valuable insights for policymakers, as investing public funds in cluster organisations is not found to attract high value-added business activities, such as those that occur in headquarters and R&D facilities, which are often the target of such investments. 相似文献